Brain Tumours Flashcards
Where do secondary brain tumours metastasise from?
Skin
Renal
Breast
Lung
What are the symptoms of a brain tumour due to?
Raised IOP
How do brain tumours present?
• Headache
• Papilledema
• Altered metal state
• Seizure
• Unilateral ptosis
• Visual field defect
How is the headache described?
Constant
Nocturnal
Worse when bending, straining, coughing and walking
Morning headache
What is the most common type of brain tumour in adults?
Glioblastoma
How is a glioblastoma described?
Solid tumours with central necrosis
What is an astrocytoma?
Tumour of the glial cells
What is the most common type of astrocytoma?
Glioblastoma
How are astrocytoma’s categorised?
Graded from 1-4
What is the most aggressive astrocytoma?
Glioblastoma
What grade is the glioblastoma?
Grade 4
What is a meningioma?
Tumour of arachnocytes
What layer of mater does a meningioma affect?
Dura mater
How is a meningioma described?
Slow growing and usually resectable
Is a meningioma benign or malignant?
Benign
What type of tumour is a meningioma?
Extrinsic tumour of the CNS
How does a meningioma increase IOP?
Takes up space within the skull
How is a meningioma diagnosed?
CT scan
What is characteristic of a meningioma?
Psammoma bodies
What are Psammoma bodies?
Bland cells form small groups with calcification
What is another name for an Acoustic neuroma?
Vestibular Schwannoma
What is an acoustic neuroma?
Benign tumour arising from the eighth cranial nerve
What is an acoustic neuroma a tumour of?
Schwann cells
Where does an acoustic neuroma occur?
In the cerebellopontine angle
How is an acoustic neuroma described?
Slow growing and unilateral
What is acoustic neuroma called if it is bilateral?
Neurofibromatosis 2
What symptoms present with an acoustic neuroma?
Hearing loss
Tinnitus
Balance problems
What is the histology of an acoustic neuroma?
Verocay bodies-antoni A or B pattern
What type of tumour is common in children?
Medulloblastoma
What type of tumour is a medulloblastoma?
Aggressive paediatric tumour
Where does a medulloblastoma tumour occur?
In the infratentorial compartment
What is a medulloblastoma a tumour of?
Tumour of primitive neuroectoderm
What is the histology of a medulloblastoma?
Small blue cells rosette pattern
What is a hemangioblastoma?
Vascular tumour of cerebellum
What is a hemangioblastoma associated with?
Von Hippel Lindau syndrome
What is the histology of a hemangioblastoma?
Foam cells and highly vascularised
Along with the 8th nerve, which other nerves are affected in someone with a vestibular schwannoma?
5 and 7
