Hydrocephalus Flashcards
What is normal pressure hydrocephalus due to?
Enlarged 4th ventricle
How does normal pressure hydrocephalus present?
- Urinary incontinence
- Cognitive impairment- dementia
- Gait abnormality- slow, shuffling gait
How does a child with hydrocephalus present?
- Impaired downward gaze- sunsetting gaze
- Increased head circumference
- Bulging fontanelle
What is another name for the impaired downward gaze that a child presents with?
Sunsetting gaze
What is another name for Non-obstructive hydrocephalus?
Communicating hydrocephalus
What is communicating hydrocephalus?
Imbalance between production and absorption of CSF
What is non-obstructive hydrocephalus due to?
- Increased production due to choroid plexus tumour
* Failure of reabsorption due to arachnoid granulations (meningitis)
What is another name for obstructive hydrocephalus?
Non-communicating hydrocephalus
What are the causes of obstructive hydrocephalus?
- Tumour
- Adequate stenosis
- Sub-arachnoid/intraventricular haemorrhage
What is first line in the diagnosis of hydrocephalus diagnosed?
CT
What would you do if you suspected an underlying lesion?
MRI
What is diagnostic and therapeutic for non-obstructive hydrocephalus?
Lumbar puncture
When would you not do a lumbar puncture?
In someone with Obstructive hydrocephalus
What is the management of hydrocephalus?
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt
What is lumbar spinal stenosis?
