Stress and Mental Health

Question 1

A person’s response to events that are threatening or challenging.

Answer 1

Stress

Question 2

3 Types of Stressors

Answer 2

1. Cataclysmic Events
2. Personal Events
3. Background Stressors (Daily Hassles)

Question 3

These are strong stressors that occur suddenly and typically many people at once.

Answer 3

Cataclysmic Events

Question 4

Major life events that have immediate negative consequences that generally fade with time.

Answer 4

Personal Events

Question 5

Everyday annoyance that cause minor irritations and may have long-term ill effects if they continue or are compounded by other stressful events.

Answer 5

Background Stressors (Daily Hassle)

Question 6

A phenomenon in which victims of major catastrophes or strong personal stressors feel long-lasting effects that may include re-experiencing the event in vivid flashbacks or dreams.

Answer 6

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Question 7

3 Types of Consequences from Stress

Answer 7

1. Direct Physiological Effect
2. Harmful Behaviors
3. Indirect-Health Related Behaviors

Question 8

It studies the relationship between the CNS, immune system, and endocrine system.

Answer 8

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

Question 9

The primary stress hormone that raises blood pressure and suppresses bodily processes.

Answer 9

Cortisol

Question 10

6 Common Psychophysiological Illnesses

Answer 10

1. Insomnia
2. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
3. Peptic Ulcers
4. Migraine
5. Tension Headaches
6. Hypertension

Question 11

The efforts to control, reduce, or learn to tolerate the threats that lead to stress.

Answer 11

Coping

Question 12

2 Main Categories of Coping

Answer 12

1. Emotion-focused Coping
2. Problem-focused Coping

Question 13

It is where people try to manage their emotions in the face of stress by seeking to change the way they feel about or perceive a problem.

Answer 13

Emotion-focused Coping

Question 14

2 Examples of Emotion-focused Coping

Answer 14

1. Self-Care
2. Engage in a Hobby or Activity

Question 15

It attempts to modify the stressful problem or source of stress.

Answer 15

Problem-focused COping

Question 16

2 Examples of Problem-focused Coping

Answer 16

1. Time Management
2. Ask for Support
3. Create to-do list

Question 17

These are events that produce threats to our well-being.

Answer 17

Stressors

Question 18

The minor positive events that make us feel good, even if only temporarily.

Answer 18

Uplifts

Question 19

Medical problems influenced by an interaction of psyhological, emotional, and physical difficulties.

Answer 19

Psychological Disorders

Question 20

A pioneering stress theorist that proposed the effects of long term stress through illustration of series of stages.

Answer 20

Hans Selye

Question 21

A theory that suggest that a person’s response to a stressor consists of three stages.

Answer 21

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

Question 22

3 stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

Answer 22

1. Alarm and Mobilization
2. Resistance
3. Exhaustion

Question 23

It occurs when people become aware of the presence of a stressor.

Answer 23

Alarm and Mobilization

Question 24

During this stage, the body is actively fighting the stressor on a biological level.

Answer 24

Resistance

Question 25

A person's ability to fight the stressor declines to the point where negative consequences of stressor appear; physical and psychological symptoms in the form of an inability to concentrate, heightened irritability, or, in severe cases, disorientation and a loss of touch with reality.

Answer 25

Exhaustion

Question 26

One of the least effective forms of coping where a person may use wishful thinking to reduce stress or use more direct escape routes, such us drug use, alcohol use, and overeating.

Answer 26

Avoidant Coping

Question 27

These are unconscious strategies that people use to reduce anxiety by concealing the source from themselves and others.

Answer 27

Defense Mechanism

Question 28

Another defense mechanism used to cope with stress in which a person stops experiencing any emotions at all and thereby remains unaffected and unmoved by both and negative experiences.

Answer 28

Emotional Insulation

Question 29

A state in which people conclude that unpleasant or aversive stimuli cannot be controlled or a view of the world that becomes so ingrained that they cease trying to remedy the aversive circumstances even if they actually can exert some influence on the situation.

Answer 29

Learned Helplessness

Question 30

It represents our general tendency to deal with stress un a specific way.

Answer 30

Coping Style

Question 31

A personality trait characterized by a sense of commitment, the perception of problems as challenges and a sense of control.

Answer 31

Hardiness

Question 32

3 components of Hardiness

Answer 32

1. Commitment 2. Challenge 3. Control

Question 33

People that tend to throw themselves into whatever they are doing and have a sense that their activities are important and meaningful.

Answer 33

Commitment

Question 34

Hardy people believe that change, rather than stability, is the standard condition of life.

Answer 34

Challenge

Question 35

The perception that people can influence the events in their lives.

Answer 35

Control

Question 36

The ability to withstand, overcome, and actually thrive after profound adversity.

Answer 36

Resilience

Question 37

A mutual network of caring and interested others.

Answer 37

Social Support

Question 38

A final strategy for coping with stress that anticipates and try to head off stress before it is encountered.

Answer 38

Proactive Coping

Question 39

2 types of behavior pattern

Answer 39

1. Type A Behavior Pattern 2. Type B Behavior Pattern

Question 40

A cluster of behaviors involving hostility, competitiveness, time urgency, and feeling driven.

Answer 40

Type A Behavior Pattern

Question 41

A cluster of behaviors characterized by a patient, cooperative, noncompetitive, and non-aggressive manner.

Answer 41

Type B Behavior Pattern

Question 42

Psychologist that has found evidence that what he calls Type D (Distress) behavior that is linked to coronary heart disease.

Answer 42

Johan Denollet

Question 43

In which parents alter a treatment prescribed by a physician by substituting their own medical judgement.

Answer 43

Creative Nonadherence

Question 44

It suggest that a change in behavior will lead to a gain and thus emphasize the benefits of carrying out a health-related behavior.

Answer 44

Positively Framed Messages

Question 45

It highlight what you can lose by not performing a behavior.

Answer 45

Negatively Framed Messages

Question 46

People's sense of their happiness and satisfaction with their lives.

Answer 46

Subjective Well-Being

Question 47

A person hold moderately inflated views of themselves, believing that they are good, competent, and desirable.

Answer 47

Positive Illusions