Social Psychology

Question 1

Evaluations of people, objects, and behavior.

Answer 1

Attitudes

Question 2

The characteristics of a person who delivers a persuasive message.

Answer 2

Attitude Communicator

Question 3

2 primary information routes to persuasion

Answer 3

1. Central Route Processing
2. Peripheral Route Processing

Question 4

The type of mental processing that occurs when a persuasive message is evaluated by thoughtful consideration of the issues and arguments used to persuade.

Answer 4

Central Route Processing

Question 5

The type of mental processing that occurs when a persuasive message is evaluated on the basis of irrelevant or extraneous factors.

Answer 5

Peripheral Route Processing

Question 6

The mental conflict that occurs when a person hold two contradictory attitudes or thoughts, know as cognitions.

Answer 6

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 7

The cognitive processes by which people understand and make sense of others and themselves.

Answer 7

Social Cognition

Question 8

Organized bodies of information stored in memory that bias the way new information is interpreted, stored, and recalled.

Answer 8

Schemas

Question 9

The process by which an individual organizes information about another person to form an overall impression of that person.

Answer 9

Impression Fomation

Question 10

the major traits considered in forming impressions ofothers.

Answer 10

Central Traits

Question 11

The theory that considers how we decide, on the basis of samples of a person’s behavior, what the specific causes of that behavior are.

Answer 11

Attribution Theory

Question 12

causes of behavior that are external to a person.

Answer 12

Situational Causes

Question 13

Perceived causes of behavior brought about by a person’s traits or personality characteristics.

Answer 13

Dispositional Causes

Question 14

A phenomenon in which a initial understanding that a person has positive or negative traits is used to infer other uniformly positive or negative characteristic.

Answer 14

Halo Effect

Question 15

The tendency to think of people as being similar to oneself even when meeting them for the first time,

Answer 15

Assumed-Similarity Bias

Question 16

The tendency to attribute personal success to personal factors and to attribute failure to factors outside oneself.

Answer 16

Self-Serving Bias

Question 17

A tendency to overattribute others’ behavior to dispositional causes and minimize the importance of situational causes.

Answer 17

Fundamental Attribution Error

Question 18

It is concerned with how economic condition are affected by individuals’ biases and irrationality.

Answer 18

Behavioral Economics

Question 19

A worldview that promotes the notion of interdependence.

Answer 19

Collectivistic Orientation

Question 20

It emphasizes personal identity and the uniqueness of the individual.

Answer 20

Individualistic Orientation

Question 21

The process by which social groups and individuals exert pressure on an individual, either deliberately or unintentionally.

Answer 21

Social Influence

Question 22

Two or more people who interact with one another, perceive themselves as part of a group, and are interdependent.

Answer 22

Group

Question 23

A change in behavior or attitudes brought about by a desire to follow the beliefs or standards of other people.

Answer 23

Conformity

Question 24

The social standing of someone in a group.

Answer 24

Status

Question 25

A group member whose dissenting views make non-conformity to the group easier.

Answer 25

Social Supporter

Question 26

A type of thinking in which group members share such as strong motivation to achieve consensus that they lose the ability to critically evaluate alternative points of view.

Answer 26

Groupthink

Question 27

A circumstance in which commitments to a failing point of view or course of action are increased to justify investments in time and energy that have already been made.

Answer 27

Entrapment

Question 28

These are the expectations for people who occupy a given social position,

Answer 28

Social Roles

Question 29

Behavior that occurs in response to direct social pressure.

Answer 29

Compliance

Question 30

4 techniques to gain Compliance

Answer 30

1. Foot-in-the-door Technique 2. Door-in-the-face Technique 3. That's-not-all Technique 4. Not-so-free Sample

Question 31

It begins when a person first makes a small, trivial request.

Answer 31

Foot-in-the-door Technique

Question 32

It is where someone makes a large request, expects it to be refused, and follows it with a smaller one.

Answer 32

Door-in-the-face Technique

Question 33

The social standard that we should treat other people as they treat us.

Answer 33

Norm of Reciprocity

Question 34

The branch of psychology focusing on work and job-related issues, including worker motivation, satisfaction, safety, and productivity.

Answer 34

Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology

Question 35

A change in behavior in response to the commands of others.

Answer 35

Obedience

Question 36

A set of generalized beliefs and expectations about a particular group and its members.

Answer 36

Stereotype

Question 37

A negative or positive evaluation of a particular group and its members.

Answer 37

Prejudice

Question 38

Behavior directed toward individuals on the basis of their membership in a particular group.

Answer 38

Discrimination

Question 39

These are expectations about the occurrence of a future event or behavior that act to increase.

Answer 39

Self-Fulfilling Prophecies

Question 40

A theory that stated that behavior of parents, other adults, and peers shapes children's feelings about members of various groups.

Answer 40

Observational Learning Theory

Question 41

According to this theory, we use group membership as a source of pride and self-worth and suggests that people tend to be ethnocentric.

Answer 41

Social Identity Theory

Question 42

The subfield of social psychology that seeks to identity the neurological basis of social behavior.

Answer 42

Social Neuroscience

Question 43

An ingenious measure of prejudice that permits a more accurate assessment of people's discrimination between members of different groups.

Answer 43

Implicit Association Test (IAT)

Question 44

The obstacles to performance that stem from their awareness of society's stereotypes regarding minority group members.

Answer 44

Stereotype Vulnerability

Question 45

Positive feelings for others or liking and loving.

Answer 45

Interpersonal Attraction/Close Relationship

Question 46

A tendency to like those who like us.

Answer 46

Reciprocity-of-Liking Effect

Question 47

A state of intense absorption in someone that includes physiological arousal, psychological interest, and caring for the needs of another.

Answer 47

Passionate Love

Question 48

2 main types of Love

Answer 48

1. Passionate Love 2. Companionate Love

Question 49

The strong affection we have for those with whom our lives are deeply involved.

Answer 49

Companionate Love

Question 50

A psychologist that makes an even finer differentiation between types of love and proposes that love consists of three parts.

Answer 50

Robert Sternberg

Question 51

The initial thoughts that one loves someone and the longer-term feelings of commitment to maintain love.

Answer 51

Decision/Commitment

Question 52

The feelings of closeness and connectedness.

Answer 52

Intimacy Component

Question 53

The motivational drives relating to sex, physical closeness, and romance.

Answer 53

Passion Component

Question 54

3 parts of Love

Answer 54

1. Decision/Commitment 2. Intimacy Component 3. Passion Component

Question 55

The intentional injury of, or harm to, another person.

Answer 55

Aggression

Question 56

these are small, daily slights put downs, and insults, often perpetrated against members of marginalized groups based on race, gender, and sexual orientation that may be harmful in the long run than are highly visible acts of aggression.

Answer 56

Microaggression

Question 57

An ethologist that expanded Freud's notions by arguing that humans, along with members of other species, have a fighting instinct, which in earlier times ensured protection of food supplies and weeded out the weaker of the species.

Answer 57

Konrad Lorenz

Question 58

The process of discharging built-up aggressive energy.

Answer 58

Catharsis

Question 59

It is the frustration to the thwarting or blocking of goals.

Answer 59

Frustration

Question 60

These are stimuli that have been associated in the past with actual aggression or violence and that will trigger aggression again.

Answer 60

Aggression Cues

Question 61

These are individuals who provide a guide to appropriate behavior through their own behavior.

Answer 61

Models

Question 62

It is known as helping behavior.

Answer 62

Prosocial Behavior

Question 63

The belief that responsibility from intervening is shared, or diffused, among those present.

Answer 63

Diffusion of Responsibility

Question 64

behavior meant to help another person without regard for self-interest.

Answer 64

Altruism