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Introduction to Psychology > Social Psychology > Flashcards

Social Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Evaluations of people, objects, and behavior.

A

Attitudes

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2
Q

The characteristics of a person who delivers a persuasive message.

A

Attitude Communicator

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3
Q

2 primary information routes to persuasion

A
  1. Central Route Processing
  2. Peripheral Route Processing
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4
Q

The type of mental processing that occurs when a persuasive message is evaluated by thoughtful consideration of the issues and arguments used to persuade.

A

Central Route Processing

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5
Q

The type of mental processing that occurs when a persuasive message is evaluated on the basis of irrelevant or extraneous factors.

A

Peripheral Route Processing

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6
Q

The mental conflict that occurs when a person hold two contradictory attitudes or thoughts, know as cognitions.

A

Cognitive Dissonance

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7
Q

The cognitive processes by which people understand and make sense of others and themselves.

A

Social Cognition

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8
Q

Organized bodies of information stored in memory that bias the way new information is interpreted, stored, and recalled.

A

Schemas

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9
Q

The process by which an individual organizes information about another person to form an overall impression of that person.

A

Impression Fomation

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10
Q

the major traits considered in forming impressions ofothers.

A

Central Traits

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11
Q

The theory that considers how we decide, on the basis of samples of a person’s behavior, what the specific causes of that behavior are.

A

Attribution Theory

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12
Q

causes of behavior that are external to a person.

A

Situational Causes

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13
Q

Perceived causes of behavior brought about by a person’s traits or personality characteristics.

A

Dispositional Causes

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14
Q

A phenomenon in which a initial understanding that a person has positive or negative traits is used to infer other uniformly positive or negative characteristic.

A

Halo Effect

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15
Q

The tendency to think of people as being similar to oneself even when meeting them for the first time,

A

Assumed-Similarity Bias

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16
Q

The tendency to attribute personal success to personal factors and to attribute failure to factors outside oneself.

A

Self-Serving Bias

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17
Q

A tendency to overattribute others’ behavior to dispositional causes and minimize the importance of situational causes.

A

Fundamental Attribution Error

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18
Q

It is concerned with how economic condition are affected by individuals’ biases and irrationality.

A

Behavioral Economics

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19
Q

A worldview that promotes the notion of interdependence.

A

Collectivistic Orientation

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20
Q

It emphasizes personal identity and the uniqueness of the individual.

A

Individualistic Orientation

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21
Q

The process by which social groups and individuals exert pressure on an individual, either deliberately or unintentionally.

A

Social Influence

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22
Q

Two or more people who interact with one another, perceive themselves as part of a group, and are interdependent.

A

Group

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23
Q

A change in behavior or attitudes brought about by a desire to follow the beliefs or standards of other people.

A

Conformity

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24
Q

The social standing of someone in a group.

A

Status

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25
Q

A group member whose dissenting views make non-conformity to the group easier.

A

Social Supporter

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26
Q

A type of thinking in which group members share such as strong motivation to achieve consensus that they lose the ability to critically evaluate alternative points of view.

A

Groupthink

27
Q

A circumstance in which commitments to a failing point of view or course of action are increased to justify investments in time and energy that have already been made.

A

Entrapment

28
Q

These are the expectations for people who occupy a given social position,

A

Social Roles

29
Q

Behavior that occurs in response to direct social pressure.

A

Compliance

30
Q

4 techniques to gain Compliance

A
  1. Foot-in-the-door Technique
  2. Door-in-the-face Technique
  3. That’s-not-all Technique
  4. Not-so-free Sample
31
Q

It begins when a person first makes a small, trivial request.

A

Foot-in-the-door Technique

32
Q

It is where someone makes a large request, expects it to be refused, and follows it with a smaller one.

A

Door-in-the-face Technique

33
Q

The social standard that we should treat other people as they treat us.

A

Norm of Reciprocity

34
Q

The branch of psychology focusing on work and job-related issues, including worker motivation, satisfaction, safety, and productivity.

A

Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology

35
Q

A change in behavior in response to the commands of others.

A

Obedience

36
Q

A set of generalized beliefs and expectations about a particular group and its members.

A

Stereotype

37
Q

A negative or positive evaluation of a particular group and its members.

A

Prejudice

38
Q

Behavior directed toward individuals on the basis of their membership in a particular group.

A

Discrimination

39
Q

These are expectations about the occurrence of a future event or behavior that act to increase.

A

Self-Fulfilling Prophecies

40
Q

A theory that stated that behavior of parents, other adults, and peers shapes children’s feelings about members of various groups.

A

Observational Learning Theory

41
Q

According to this theory, we use group membership as a source of pride and self-worth and suggests that people tend to be ethnocentric.

A

Social Identity Theory

42
Q

The subfield of social psychology that seeks to identity the neurological basis of social behavior.

A

Social Neuroscience

43
Q

An ingenious measure of prejudice that permits a more accurate assessment of people’s discrimination between members of different groups.

A

Implicit Association Test (IAT)

44
Q

The obstacles to performance that stem from their awareness of society’s stereotypes regarding minority group members.

A

Stereotype Vulnerability

45
Q

Positive feelings for others or liking and loving.

A

Interpersonal Attraction/Close Relationship

46
Q

A tendency to like those who like us.

A

Reciprocity-of-Liking Effect

47
Q

A state of intense absorption in someone that includes physiological arousal, psychological interest, and caring for the needs of another.

A

Passionate Love

48
Q

2 main types of Love

A
  1. Passionate Love
  2. Companionate Love
49
Q

The strong affection we have for those with whom our lives are deeply involved.

A

Companionate Love

50
Q

A psychologist that makes an even finer differentiation between types of love and proposes that love consists of three parts.

A

Robert Sternberg

51
Q

The initial thoughts that one loves someone and the longer-term feelings of commitment to maintain love.

A

Decision/Commitment

52
Q

The feelings of closeness and connectedness.

A

Intimacy Component

53
Q

The motivational drives relating to sex, physical closeness, and romance.

A

Passion Component

54
Q

3 parts of Love

A
  1. Decision/Commitment
  2. Intimacy Component
  3. Passion Component
55
Q

The intentional injury of, or harm to, another person.

A

Aggression

56
Q

these are small, daily slights put downs, and insults, often perpetrated against members of marginalized groups based on race, gender, and sexual orientation that may be harmful in the long run than are highly visible acts of aggression.

A

Microaggression

57
Q

An ethologist that expanded Freud’s notions by arguing that humans, along with members of other species, have a fighting instinct, which in earlier times ensured protection of food supplies and weeded out the weaker of the species.

A

Konrad Lorenz

58
Q

The process of discharging built-up aggressive energy.

A

Catharsis

59
Q

It is the frustration to the thwarting or blocking of goals.

A

Frustration

60
Q

These are stimuli that have been associated in the past with actual aggression or violence and that will trigger aggression again.

A

Aggression Cues

61
Q

These are individuals who provide a guide to appropriate behavior through their own behavior.

A

Models

62
Q

It is known as helping behavior.

A

Prosocial Behavior

63
Q

The belief that responsibility from intervening is shared, or diffused, among those present.

A

Diffusion of Responsibility

64
Q

behavior meant to help another person without regard for self-interest.

A

Altruism

Introduction to Psychology (13 decks)

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