Psychological Disorders Flashcards
It is a deviation from the average, to be different from the ideal or norm.
Abnormality
6 Major Psychological Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
- Mood Disorders
- Schizophrenia
- Personality Disorders
- Childhood Disorders
A feeling of tension or apprehension in reaction to stressful situations.
Anxiety
2 Types of Stress
- Eustress
- Distress
It means good stress.
Eustress
It means bad stress.
Distress
This is anxiety caused by phobias.
Phobic Anxiety Disorder
It is when you constantly worry and change your routine to keep from having another one.
Panic Disorder
It is characterized by persistent and excessive worry about a number of different things.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
It refers to thinking about some things and repeating it over and over again.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
3 causes of Anxiety and OCD
- Biological
- Genetics
- Environment
It involves having physical symptoms that aren’t explained by any known physical or mental disorder.
Somatic System Disorder
2 Types of Somatic Disorder
- Illness Anxiety Disorder
- Conversion Disorder
A disorder in which people have a constant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health.
Illness Anxiety Disorder
A major somatic symptom disorder that involves an actual physical disturbance, such as the inability to use a sensory organ or the complete or partial inability to move an arm or leg.
Conversion Disorder
The separation (or dissociation) of different facets of a person’s personality are typically integrated and work together.
Dissociative Disorder
3 types of Dissociative Disorder
- Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
- Dissociative Amnesia
- Dissociative Fugue
It is commonly knows as DID. It is a disorder in which a person displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
A significant, selective memory loss occurs and it involves an actual loss of information from memory and typically results from a physiological cause.
Dissociative Amnesia
The forgotten material is still present in memory and it simply cannot be recalled.
Repressed Memories
A form of amnesia in which a person leaves home and assumes a new identity.
Dissociative Fugue
A disturbance in the emotional experience that is strong enough to intrude on everyday living.
Mood Disorder
3 types of Mood Disorder
- Major Depressive Disorder
- Mania
- Bipolar Disorder
It interferes with concentration, decision-making, and sociability.
Major Depressive Disorder
A condition in which you have a period of abnormality elevated, extreme changes in your mood or emotions, energy level, or activity level.
Mania
A disorder in which a person alternates between periods of euphoric feelings of mania and periods of depression.
Bipolar Disorder
It is where people interpret reality abnormally.
Schizophrenia
2 symptoms of Schizophrenia
- Positive-Symptom Schizophrenia
- Negative -Symptom Schizophrenia
It is where people lose touch with reality.
Schizophrenia
It is where people show disruptions to normal emotions and behaviors.
Negative -Symptom Schizophrenia
It is characterized by a set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society.
Personality Disorders
It is sometimes referred to as a sociopathic personality, manipulative and deceptive.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
It pertains to having difficulty regulating emotions and thoughts, and display impulsive and reckless behavior.
Borderline Personality Disorder
An exaggerated sense of self-importance, inability to express empathy to other people and disregards their feelings.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
2 disorders that affect Childhood
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Substance-Use Disorder
- Eating Disorders
- Sexual Disorders
It is a condition marked by impulsiveness and hyperactivity.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
A disorder which impairs one’s ability to communicate.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Behavior that causes people to experience distress and prevents them from functioning in their daily lives.
Abnormal Behavior
The perspective that suggests that when an individual displays symptoms of abnormal behavior, the root cause will be found in a physical examination of the individual, which may reveal a hormonal imbalance, a chemical deficiency, or a brain injury.
Medical Perspective
6 perspectives to Abnormal Behavior
- Medical Perspective
- Psychoanalytic Perspective
- Behavioral Perspective
- Cognitive Perspective
- Humanistic Perspective
- Sociocultural Perspective
The perspective that suggests that abnormal behavior stems from childhood conflicts over opposing wishes regarding sex and aggression.
Psychoanalytic Perspective
The perspective that looks at the rewards and punishments in the environment that determine abnormal behavior.
Behavioral Perspective
The perspective that suggests that people’s thoughts and beliefs are central components of abnormal behavior.
Cognitive Perspective
These are people’s thoughts and beliefs.
Cognitions
The perspective that emphasizes the responsibility people have for their own behavior, even when such behavior is abnormal.
Humanistic Perspective
The perspective that assumes that people’s behavior, both normal and abnormal, is shaped by the kind of family group, society, and culture in which they live.
Sociocultural Perspective
A system devised by the American Psychiatric Association used by most professionals to classify and define psychological disorders.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)
The approach where the DSM-5 takes on to identify psychological disorders, meaning it does not rely on any particular theoretical perspective.
Atheoretical Approach
Replacement of the outdated term “mental retardation”.
Intellectual Disabilities
Replacement for the term “childhood conditions”.
Neurodevelopment Disorders
Replacement for the term “dementia and amnestic disorders”.
Neurocognitive Disorders
9 categories of disorders in the DSM-5
- Anxiety
- Somatic System and Related Disorders
- Dissociative
- Mood
- Schizophrenia
- Personality
- Sexual
- Substance-related
- Neurocognitive Disorders
Reclassification of the term “gender identity disorder”.
Gender Dysphoria
Replacement of the term “paraphilia”, which emphasizes the presence of some atypical sexual interests that do not necessarily indicate a psychological disorder.
Paraphilic Disorders
5 Axes Model of DSM-5 (Eliminated)
- Clinical Disorders
- Personality Disorders and Mental Retardations
- General Medical Conditions
- Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
- Global Assessment of Functioning
A label that is commonly used by people in their everyday descriptions of abnormal behavior and is not listed as a DSM-5 category.
Neurotic
It refers to problems associated with a specific cause based in Freud’s theory of personality and is not included in the DSM-5.
Neurosis
A feeling of apprehension of tension in reaction to stressful situations.
Anxiety
The occurrence of anxiety without an obvious external cause that affects daily functioning.
Anxiety Disorder
An intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations.
Specific Phobia
Anxiety disorder that takes the form of panic attacks lasting from a few seconds to several hours.
Panic Disorders
The experience of long-term, persistent anxiety and worry.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
A disorder characterized by obsessions of compulsions.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
A persistent, unwanted thought or idea that keeps recurring.
Obsessions
An irresistible urge to repeatedly carry out some act that seems strange and unreasonable.
Compulsions
Psychological difficulties that take on a physical (somatic) form, but for which there is no medical cause.
Somatic Symptom Disorder
A disorder in which people have a constant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health.
Illness Anxiety Disorder
A major somatic symptom disorder that involves an actual physical disturbance, such as inability to use a sensory organ or the complete or partial inability to move an arm or leg.
Conversion Disorder
Psychological dysfunction characterized by the separation of different facets of a person’s personality that are normally integrated.
Dissociative Disorders
A disorder in which a person displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities and once called as Multiple Personality Disorder.
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
A disorder in which a significant, selective memory loss occurs.
Dissociative Amnesia
It is sometimes used to describe the lost memories of people with dissociative amnesia.
Repressed Memories
A form of amnesia in which a person leaves home and assumes a new identity.
Dissociative Fugue
A disturbance in emotional experience that is strong enough to intrude on everyday living.
Mood Disorder
A severe form of depression that interferes with concentration, decision making, and sociability.
Major Depression Disorder
An extended state of intense wild elation.
Mania
A disorder in which a person alternates between periods of euphoric feelings of mania and periods of depression.
Bipolar Disorder
4 approaches of causes of Mood Disorders
- Genetic and Biological Factors
- Psychological Forces
- Environmental Factors
- Cognitive and Emotional Factors
A brain structure that is related to depression based on a research on neuroimaging.
Area 25
A psychologist that suggests that depression is largely a response to learned helplessness.
Martin Seligman
A clinical psychologist that has proposed that faulty cognitions underlie people’s depressed feelings.
Aaron Beck
A class of disorders in which severe distortion of reality occurs.
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenic thinking that is often does not make sense and their logic is frequently faulty.
Formal Thought Disorder
A firmly held, unshakable beliefs with no basis in reality.
Delusions
The experience of perceiving things that do not actually exist.
Hallucinations
2 primary courses of symptoms of Schizophrenia
- Process Schizophrenia
- Reactive Schizophrenia
The symptoms develop slowly and subtly and there may be a gradual withdrawal from the world, excessive daydreaming, and a blunting of emotion until eventually the disorder reaches the point where others cannot overlook.
Process Schizophrenia
The onset of symptoms is sudden and conspicuous and the treatment outlook for reactive schizophrenia is relatively favorable.
Reactive Schizophrenia
2 types of Schizophrenia
- Positive-Symptom Schizophrenia
- Negative-Symptom Schizophrenia
It is indicated by the presence of disordered behavior such as hallucinations, delusions, and emotional extremes.
Positive-Symptom Schizophrenia
It shows disruptions to normal emotions and behaviors.
Negative-Symptom Schizophrenia
It suggests that schizophrenia occurs when there is excess activity in the areas of the brain that use dopamine as a neurotransmitter.
Dopamine Hypothesis
It is an interaction style characterized by high levels of criticism, hostility, and emotional intrusiveness within a family.
Expressed Emotion
It is where schizophrenic people excessively receptive to virtually everything in their environment.
Overattention
People with schizophrenia fail to focus sufficiently on important stimuli and pay attention to other, less important information in their surroundings.
Underattention
It suggests that individuals may inherit a predisposition or an inborn sensitivity to develop a schizophrenia.
Predisposition Model of Schizophrenia
A disorder characterized by a set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society.
Personality Disorder
A disorder in which individuals show no regard for the moral and ethical rules of society or the rights of others.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
A disorder characterized by problems regulating emotions and thoughts, displaying impulsive and reckless behavior, and having unstable relationships with others.
Borderline Personality Disorder
A personality disturbance characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
A disorder marked by inattention, impulsiveness, a low tolerance for frustration, and a great deal of inappropriate activity.
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
A severe development disability that impairs children’s ability to communicate and relate to others.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
It relates to problems that arise from the use and abuse of drugs.
Psychoactive Substance Use Disorder
These are among the most serious and widespread with many other psychological disorders, such as mood disorders, trauma, and stressor related disorders, and schizophrenia, complicate treatment considerably.
Alcohol Use Disorder
A widespread problem including such disorders as anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and binge-eating disorder.
Eating Disorders
It is characterized by binge eating without behavior designed to prevent weight gain.
Binge-Eating Disorder
It is which one’s sexual activity is unsatisfactory and are another important class of problems that include sexual desire disorder, sexual arousal disorders, and paraphilic disorders.
Sexual Disorders
Problems with a purely biological basis.
Neurocognitive Disorders
The appearance of multiple, simultaneous psychological disorders in the same person.
Comorbidity
One specific, newly classified disorder that has been added to DSM-5 that has caused controversy that is characterized by temperamental outbursts grossly out of proportion to the situation, both verbally and physically.
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
It is where unmoving patients appear to be frozen in the same position.
Catatonic Schizophrenia
In Malaysia, it is characterized by a wild outburst in which a usually quiet and withdrawal person kills or severely injures another.
Amok
A condition found in Southeast Asian males who develop an intense panic that the penis is about to withdraw into the abdomen.
Koro
It includes feelings of heaviness or heat in the head as well as depression and anxiety.
Brain Fag
It is disorder found most often among Latinos from the Caribbean and is characterized by trembling, crying, uncontrollable screams, and incidents of verbal or physical aggression.
Ataque de Nervios
It is more labeled as “psychology student’s disease” where the basic symptoms are feeling that you suffer from the same sorts of problems you are studying.
Medical Student’s Disease
