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Introduction to Psychology > Psychological Disorders > Flashcards

Psychological Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

It is a deviation from the average, to be different from the ideal or norm.

A

Abnormality

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2
Q

6 Major Psychological Disorders

A
  1. Anxiety Disorders
  2. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
  3. Mood Disorders
  4. Schizophrenia
  5. Personality Disorders
  6. Childhood Disorders
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3
Q

A feeling of tension or apprehension in reaction to stressful situations.

A

Anxiety

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4
Q

2 Types of Stress

A
  1. Eustress
  2. Distress
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5
Q

It means good stress.

A

Eustress

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6
Q

It means bad stress.

A

Distress

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7
Q

This is anxiety caused by phobias.

A

Phobic Anxiety Disorder

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8
Q

It is when you constantly worry and change your routine to keep from having another one.

A

Panic Disorder

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9
Q

It is characterized by persistent and excessive worry about a number of different things.

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

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10
Q

It refers to thinking about some things and repeating it over and over again.

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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11
Q

3 causes of Anxiety and OCD

A
  1. Biological
  2. Genetics
  3. Environment
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12
Q

It involves having physical symptoms that aren’t explained by any known physical or mental disorder.

A

Somatic System Disorder

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13
Q

2 Types of Somatic Disorder

A
  1. Illness Anxiety Disorder
  2. Conversion Disorder
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14
Q

A disorder in which people have a constant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health.

A

Illness Anxiety Disorder

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15
Q

A major somatic symptom disorder that involves an actual physical disturbance, such as the inability to use a sensory organ or the complete or partial inability to move an arm or leg.

A

Conversion Disorder

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16
Q

The separation (or dissociation) of different facets of a person’s personality are typically integrated and work together.

A

Dissociative Disorder

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17
Q

3 types of Dissociative Disorder

A
  1. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
  2. Dissociative Amnesia
  3. Dissociative Fugue
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18
Q

It is commonly knows as DID. It is a disorder in which a person displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities.

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder

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19
Q

A significant, selective memory loss occurs and it involves an actual loss of information from memory and typically results from a physiological cause.

A

Dissociative Amnesia

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20
Q

The forgotten material is still present in memory and it simply cannot be recalled.

A

Repressed Memories

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21
Q

A form of amnesia in which a person leaves home and assumes a new identity.

A

Dissociative Fugue

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22
Q

A disturbance in the emotional experience that is strong enough to intrude on everyday living.

A

Mood Disorder

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23
Q

3 types of Mood Disorder

A
  1. Major Depressive Disorder
  2. Mania
  3. Bipolar Disorder
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24
Q

It interferes with concentration, decision-making, and sociability.

A

Major Depressive Disorder

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25
Q

A condition in which you have a period of abnormality elevated, extreme changes in your mood or emotions, energy level, or activity level.

A

Mania

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26
Q

A disorder in which a person alternates between periods of euphoric feelings of mania and periods of depression.

A

Bipolar Disorder

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27
Q

It is where people interpret reality abnormally.

A

Schizophrenia

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28
Q

2 symptoms of Schizophrenia

A
  1. Positive-Symptom Schizophrenia
  2. Negative -Symptom Schizophrenia
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29
Q

It is where people lose touch with reality.

A

Schizophrenia

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30
Q

It is where people show disruptions to normal emotions and behaviors.

A

Negative -Symptom Schizophrenia

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31
Q

It is characterized by a set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society.

A

Personality Disorders

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32
Q

It is sometimes referred to as a sociopathic personality, manipulative and deceptive.

A

Antisocial Personality Disorder

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33
Q

It pertains to having difficulty regulating emotions and thoughts, and display impulsive and reckless behavior.

A

Borderline Personality Disorder

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34
Q

An exaggerated sense of self-importance, inability to express empathy to other people and disregards their feelings.

A

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

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35
Q

2 disorders that affect Childhood

A
  1. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  2. Autism Spectrum Disorder
  3. Substance-Use Disorder
  4. Eating Disorders
  5. Sexual Disorders
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36
Q

It is a condition marked by impulsiveness and hyperactivity.

A

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

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37
Q

A disorder which impairs one’s ability to communicate.

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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38
Q

Behavior that causes people to experience distress and prevents them from functioning in their daily lives.

A

Abnormal Behavior

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39
Q

The perspective that suggests that when an individual displays symptoms of abnormal behavior, the root cause will be found in a physical examination of the individual, which may reveal a hormonal imbalance, a chemical deficiency, or a brain injury.

A

Medical Perspective

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40
Q

6 perspectives to Abnormal Behavior

A
  1. Medical Perspective
  2. Psychoanalytic Perspective
  3. Behavioral Perspective
  4. Cognitive Perspective
  5. Humanistic Perspective
  6. Sociocultural Perspective
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41
Q

The perspective that suggests that abnormal behavior stems from childhood conflicts over opposing wishes regarding sex and aggression.

A

Psychoanalytic Perspective

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42
Q

The perspective that looks at the rewards and punishments in the environment that determine abnormal behavior.

A

Behavioral Perspective

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43
Q

The perspective that suggests that people’s thoughts and beliefs are central components of abnormal behavior.

A

Cognitive Perspective

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44
Q

These are people’s thoughts and beliefs.

A

Cognitions

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45
Q

The perspective that emphasizes the responsibility people have for their own behavior, even when such behavior is abnormal.

A

Humanistic Perspective

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46
Q

The perspective that assumes that people’s behavior, both normal and abnormal, is shaped by the kind of family group, society, and culture in which they live.

A

Sociocultural Perspective

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47
Q

A system devised by the American Psychiatric Association used by most professionals to classify and define psychological disorders.

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)

48
Q

The approach where the DSM-5 takes on to identify psychological disorders, meaning it does not rely on any particular theoretical perspective.

A

Atheoretical Approach

49
Q

Replacement of the outdated term “mental retardation”.

A

Intellectual Disabilities

50
Q

Replacement for the term “childhood conditions”.

A

Neurodevelopment Disorders

51
Q

Replacement for the term “dementia and amnestic disorders”.

A

Neurocognitive Disorders

52
Q

9 categories of disorders in the DSM-5

A
  1. Anxiety
  2. Somatic System and Related Disorders
  3. Dissociative
  4. Mood
  5. Schizophrenia
  6. Personality
  7. Sexual
  8. Substance-related
  9. Neurocognitive Disorders
53
Q

Reclassification of the term “gender identity disorder”.

A

Gender Dysphoria

54
Q

Replacement of the term “paraphilia”, which emphasizes the presence of some atypical sexual interests that do not necessarily indicate a psychological disorder.

A

Paraphilic Disorders

55
Q

5 Axes Model of DSM-5 (Eliminated)

A
  1. Clinical Disorders
  2. Personality Disorders and Mental Retardations
  3. General Medical Conditions
  4. Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
  5. Global Assessment of Functioning
56
Q

A label that is commonly used by people in their everyday descriptions of abnormal behavior and is not listed as a DSM-5 category.

A

Neurotic

57
Q

It refers to problems associated with a specific cause based in Freud’s theory of personality and is not included in the DSM-5.

A

Neurosis

58
Q

A feeling of apprehension of tension in reaction to stressful situations.

A

Anxiety

59
Q

The occurrence of anxiety without an obvious external cause that affects daily functioning.

A

Anxiety Disorder

60
Q

An intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations.

A

Specific Phobia

61
Q

Anxiety disorder that takes the form of panic attacks lasting from a few seconds to several hours.

A

Panic Disorders

62
Q

The experience of long-term, persistent anxiety and worry.

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

63
Q

A disorder characterized by obsessions of compulsions.

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

64
Q

A persistent, unwanted thought or idea that keeps recurring.

A

Obsessions

65
Q

An irresistible urge to repeatedly carry out some act that seems strange and unreasonable.

A

Compulsions

66
Q

Psychological difficulties that take on a physical (somatic) form, but for which there is no medical cause.

A

Somatic Symptom Disorder

67
Q

A disorder in which people have a constant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health.

A

Illness Anxiety Disorder

68
Q

A major somatic symptom disorder that involves an actual physical disturbance, such as inability to use a sensory organ or the complete or partial inability to move an arm or leg.

A

Conversion Disorder

69
Q

Psychological dysfunction characterized by the separation of different facets of a person’s personality that are normally integrated.

A

Dissociative Disorders

70
Q

A disorder in which a person displays characteristics of two or more distinct personalities and once called as Multiple Personality Disorder.

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

71
Q

A disorder in which a significant, selective memory loss occurs.

A

Dissociative Amnesia

72
Q

It is sometimes used to describe the lost memories of people with dissociative amnesia.

A

Repressed Memories

73
Q

A form of amnesia in which a person leaves home and assumes a new identity.

A

Dissociative Fugue

74
Q

A disturbance in emotional experience that is strong enough to intrude on everyday living.

A

Mood Disorder

75
Q

A severe form of depression that interferes with concentration, decision making, and sociability.

A

Major Depression Disorder

76
Q

An extended state of intense wild elation.

A

Mania

77
Q

A disorder in which a person alternates between periods of euphoric feelings of mania and periods of depression.

A

Bipolar Disorder

78
Q

4 approaches of causes of Mood Disorders

A
  1. Genetic and Biological Factors
  2. Psychological Forces
  3. Environmental Factors
  4. Cognitive and Emotional Factors
79
Q

A brain structure that is related to depression based on a research on neuroimaging.

A

Area 25

80
Q

A psychologist that suggests that depression is largely a response to learned helplessness.

A

Martin Seligman

81
Q

A clinical psychologist that has proposed that faulty cognitions underlie people’s depressed feelings.

A

Aaron Beck

82
Q

A class of disorders in which severe distortion of reality occurs.

A

Schizophrenia

83
Q

Schizophrenic thinking that is often does not make sense and their logic is frequently faulty.

A

Formal Thought Disorder

84
Q

A firmly held, unshakable beliefs with no basis in reality.

A

Delusions

85
Q

The experience of perceiving things that do not actually exist.

A

Hallucinations

86
Q

2 primary courses of symptoms of Schizophrenia

A
  1. Process Schizophrenia
  2. Reactive Schizophrenia
87
Q

The symptoms develop slowly and subtly and there may be a gradual withdrawal from the world, excessive daydreaming, and a blunting of emotion until eventually the disorder reaches the point where others cannot overlook.

A

Process Schizophrenia

88
Q

The onset of symptoms is sudden and conspicuous and the treatment outlook for reactive schizophrenia is relatively favorable.

A

Reactive Schizophrenia

89
Q

2 types of Schizophrenia

A
  1. Positive-Symptom Schizophrenia
  2. Negative-Symptom Schizophrenia
90
Q

It is indicated by the presence of disordered behavior such as hallucinations, delusions, and emotional extremes.

A

Positive-Symptom Schizophrenia

91
Q

It shows disruptions to normal emotions and behaviors.

A

Negative-Symptom Schizophrenia

92
Q

It suggests that schizophrenia occurs when there is excess activity in the areas of the brain that use dopamine as a neurotransmitter.

A

Dopamine Hypothesis

93
Q

It is an interaction style characterized by high levels of criticism, hostility, and emotional intrusiveness within a family.

A

Expressed Emotion

94
Q

It is where schizophrenic people excessively receptive to virtually everything in their environment.

A

Overattention

95
Q

People with schizophrenia fail to focus sufficiently on important stimuli and pay attention to other, less important information in their surroundings.

A

Underattention

96
Q

It suggests that individuals may inherit a predisposition or an inborn sensitivity to develop a schizophrenia.

A

Predisposition Model of Schizophrenia

97
Q

A disorder characterized by a set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society.

A

Personality Disorder

98
Q

A disorder in which individuals show no regard for the moral and ethical rules of society or the rights of others.

A

Antisocial Personality Disorder

99
Q

A disorder characterized by problems regulating emotions and thoughts, displaying impulsive and reckless behavior, and having unstable relationships with others.

A

Borderline Personality Disorder

100
Q

A personality disturbance characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance.

A

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

101
Q

A disorder marked by inattention, impulsiveness, a low tolerance for frustration, and a great deal of inappropriate activity.

A

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

102
Q

A severe development disability that impairs children’s ability to communicate and relate to others.

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder

103
Q

It relates to problems that arise from the use and abuse of drugs.

A

Psychoactive Substance Use Disorder

104
Q

These are among the most serious and widespread with many other psychological disorders, such as mood disorders, trauma, and stressor related disorders, and schizophrenia, complicate treatment considerably.

A

Alcohol Use Disorder

105
Q

A widespread problem including such disorders as anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and binge-eating disorder.

A

Eating Disorders

106
Q

It is characterized by binge eating without behavior designed to prevent weight gain.

A

Binge-Eating Disorder

107
Q

It is which one’s sexual activity is unsatisfactory and are another important class of problems that include sexual desire disorder, sexual arousal disorders, and paraphilic disorders.

A

Sexual Disorders

108
Q

Problems with a purely biological basis.

A

Neurocognitive Disorders

109
Q

The appearance of multiple, simultaneous psychological disorders in the same person.

A

Comorbidity

110
Q

One specific, newly classified disorder that has been added to DSM-5 that has caused controversy that is characterized by temperamental outbursts grossly out of proportion to the situation, both verbally and physically.

A

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

111
Q

It is where unmoving patients appear to be frozen in the same position.

A

Catatonic Schizophrenia

112
Q

In Malaysia, it is characterized by a wild outburst in which a usually quiet and withdrawal person kills or severely injures another.

A

Amok

113
Q

A condition found in Southeast Asian males who develop an intense panic that the penis is about to withdraw into the abdomen.

A

Koro

114
Q

It includes feelings of heaviness or heat in the head as well as depression and anxiety.

A

Brain Fag

115
Q

It is disorder found most often among Latinos from the Caribbean and is characterized by trembling, crying, uncontrollable screams, and incidents of verbal or physical aggression.

A

Ataque de Nervios

116
Q

It is more labeled as “psychology student’s disease” where the basic symptoms are feeling that you suffer from the same sorts of problems you are studying.

A

Medical Student’s Disease

Introduction to Psychology (13 decks)

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