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PSYC 102 > STRESS AND HEALTH > Flashcards

STRESS AND HEALTH Flashcards

1
Q

health psychology

A

subfield of psychology concerned with the ways that psychological factors influence the causes and treatment of physical illness and the maintenance of health

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2
Q

stressful events

A

major life changes
positive and negative events

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3
Q

chronic stressors

A

sources of stress that occur continuosly/ repeatedly
eg- strained relationships

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4
Q

controlling stress

A

Studies show perceives control over stressful events can be related to more effective coping
role of locus of control

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5
Q

physical reactions stress produced

A

flight or flight
cortisol - released in high stress, help metabolize glucose
GAS

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6
Q

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

A

Alarm phase
resistance phase
exhaustion phase

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7
Q

alarm phase

A

: rapid mobilization of bodily resources to respond to the threat (fight or flight)

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8
Q

resistance phase

A

adaptation to arousal state, and coping with stressor
Reduction of unnessarcary thing (sex drive) so cope for longer

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9
Q

exhaustion phase

A

body’s resistance cllapes; leads to aging, infection, tumou growth, organ damage, even death
More prolonged the sharper the degree of exhaustion

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10
Q

stress effects on health

A

wear and tear on the body/ aging
DNA Is copied (shortened telomere)
cells stop copying when too short

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11
Q

chronic stress affects immunity

A

hormones go to the brain - wearing down the immune system, less able to fight invaders
related to low SES

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12
Q

stress affects heart health

A

atheroscelosis- narrowing of arteries
type A behaviour
hostility is one of the best predictors of heart disease

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13
Q

Psychological reactions

A

Physiological and Psychological stress response are intertwined
begins in the mind (is it stressful or not), primary, secondary appraisal, threat, challenge)

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14
Q

primary appraisal

A

interpretation of a stimulus as stressful or not

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15
Q

secondary appraisal

A

determination of whether the stressor is something rhat can be handled or not

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16
Q

threat

A

a stressor that you believe might not be overcome
negative appraisal

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17
Q

challenge

A

stressor you feel fairly confident you can control
positive appraisal

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18
Q

burnout form chronic stress

A

a state of physical, emotional and mental exhaustion created by long-term involvement in an emotionally demanding situation
Burnout is accomplished by lowered performance and motivation

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19
Q

causes of burnout

A

emotionally stressful jobs
gouging self-worth by success in one aspect alone

20
Q

psychological factor influencing health

A

health relevant
- type a behaviour, optimism, hardiness
health behaviour
- exercising, good sleep

21
Q

optimism

A

seeing the sunny side of a situation) is healthier than pessimism (expecting things to go wrong)
Seems to aid maintenance of psychological health in the face of physical problems
A person’s level of optimism or pessimism tends to be heritable
Optimism is one of the best psychological predictors of happiness

22
Q

harniness

A

Hardiness: hardy people are stress-resistant
Personality characteristics of hardy people include
A sense of commitment
A belief in control
Acceptance of challenge (growth mindset)
Hardy individuals seem to be thick-skinned and able to take more stress or criticism that may hurt others, tend to handle stress better, and are overall healthier

23
Q

health-promoting behaviour

A

self-regulation
gratification for longer term gains
healthy eating, safe sex, not smoking, healthy sleep pattern

24
Q

self reultation

A

exercise of voluntary control over the self to brign it into line with preferred standards; willpower

25
stress management
the mind the body the situation
26
mind management
repressive coping rational coping reframing
27
repressive coping
avoiding situations o thoughts that are reminders of a stressor and maintaining an artificially positive viewpoint
28
rational coping
facing the stressor and working to overcome it acceptance, exposure, understanding
29
reframing
finding a new or creative way to think about ta stressor that reduces a threat Stress inoculation training (SIT): a reframing technique that helps people cope with stressful situations by developing policies as to think about situations
30
body management (5)
relaxation, meditation, biofeedback, aerobic exercise, sleep
31
situation management
changing life to reduce stress: social support Religious or spiritual practice Use of humour Avoiding procrastinaton
32
social support
the aid gained through interacting with others relationship people = better health
33
the gender differnces in value of soical support
male- fight or fight females- tend and befriend response - oxytocin is released
34
religiosity and spirituality
Religiosity: affiliation with or engagement in the pracices of a particular religion Spirtuality: having a belief in and engagement with some higher power, not necessarily linked to any particular religion aka because of SOCIAL NETWORKS AND HEALTHY ADVICE FROM CHURCH PEOPLE
35
Homour
Humour can help in coping with stress Can diffuse stressful events Reduces time needed to calm down after stressor Reduces sensitivity to pain and stress Related to hardiness
36
procrastination
causes ill health and stress in the long run delaying gratification- extrinsic motivation
37
body management
Relaxation Meditation Biofeedback Aerobic exercise Sleep
38
relaxation therapy
technique for reducing tension by consciously relaxing muscles of the body Eg. progressive muscle relaxation
39
relaxation response
condition of reduced muscle tension, cortical activity, heart rate, breathing rate and blood pressure
40
regular relaxation
reduces symptoms of stress E. tension, cortisol, BP
41
biofeedback
can eb used in the lab control over functions, neouro feedback - breath and heartbeat
42
meditation
practice if intentional contemplation Associated with religious traditions, but often practiced outside of religious contexts Involves clearing the mind of thoughts, or having a single focus Eg. concentrating on breathing or a mantra (word/sound) Is restful and revitalizing offers many benefits: Cognitive: eg. control attention Emotional: eg. better emotional regulation Physical: eg. lengthening the telomeres that age us when shortened
43
mindfulness
One of the fastest growing areas of psychological research Transforms and deepens consciousness Focus on the “here and now” Used to treat Mood, anxiety disorders, sleep problems, drug and behavioural addictions, ADHD, eating disorders and anger management Increasingly utilized in applied settings School, sports and business, ect
44
aerobic exercise
ercise that increases the heart rate and oxygen intake for a sustained period May increas serotonin and endorphins Lowered stress levels and increased happiness Keeps the body fit and healthy Effective at alleviating depression
45
aerobic exercise and depression
Mildly depressed college women who participated in an aerobic exercise program showed markedly reduced depression, compared with those who did relaxation exercises or received no treatment
46
sleep
Stress can cause sleep problems -Hyperarousal (corisol) Sleep deficiency can cause us to feel stressed -Less patient, or agitated, emotionally creativity (things feel out of proportion) But sleep can also reduce our feelings of and the effects of stress -Blood pressure, cholesterol levels

PSYC 102 (17 decks)

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