CHAPTER 10 Flashcards
intelligence
is the ability to use one’s mind to solve novel problems and learn from experience,
IQ
Binet and Simon
child’s aptitude for learning independent of child’s prior educational achievement
ratio IQ
a statistic obtained by dividing a person’s mental age by the person’s physical age and then multiplying the quotient by 100
deviation IQ
a statistic obtained by dividing a person’s test score by the average test score for people of that age and then multiplying the quotient by 100.
tow-factor theory of intelligence
suggests that a person’s performance on a test is due to a combination of general abilities and skills that are specific to the test.
Thurston primary mental abilities
word afluency, verbal comprehension, numerical ability, spatial visualization, associative memory, perceptual speed, reasoning
three-level hierarchy
top - bottom
g general knowledge
m- middle level abilities (group factors)
S specific abilities
crystallized intelligence
the ability to apply knowledge that was acquired through experience
emotional intelligence
the ability to reason about emotions and to use emotions to enhance reasoning
fraternal/ dizygotic twins
siblings who develop from two different eggs that were fertilized by two different sperm.
identical/ monozygotic twins
siblings who develop from the splitting of a single egg that was fertilized by a single sperm
heritability coefficient
a statistic that describes the proportion of the difference between people’s IQ scores that can be explained by differences in their genes
shared environment
features of the environment that are experienced by all relevant members of a household.
nonshared environment
refers to features of the environment that are not experienced by all relevant members of a household
stereotype threat
the fear of confirming the negative beliefs that others may hold
