Stress Flashcards
Primary Appraisal
Perceived severity of a threat; determines extent of threat also
General Adaptation Syndrome (phases)
Alarm- recognition of demand and recruitment of coping forces
Resistance- maintenance of homeostasis and adaptation
Exhaustion- Collapse of adaptation
Secondary Appraisal
capacity to deal w/ threat; takes into account resources
Physiology of Stress
Causes hypothalamus to release CRF and pituitary to release ACTH;
further release of corticosteroids and catecholamines from adrenals
Allostatic Load
Physiological costs to chronic exposure to neuroendocrine responses to stress
-Emotional reactivity has some determination in this
Physiological Effects of Stress
Increased blood pressure
Increased blood lipids
Increased hormonal activity
Decreased antibody fnxn
Pattern A behavior
Pattern of impatience, hostility, time urgency
-Assoc. w/ increased risk of coronary heart disease
Psychological Hardiness
People who are able to remain healthy under stressful situations
-Consider stress as a challenge; feel that they are able to influence the outcome of the event
Learned Helplessness
Individual feels as if the stress is inescapable or uncontrollable
-Pt. reduces efforts to cope w/ stress
Positive reappraisal coping
Efforts to draw positive meaning from a stressful experience
Escape/avoidance coping
Avoiding the causative agent of stress; assoc. w/ “medicating” or “drinking”
“Tend and Befriend”
Downregulation of fight-or-flight response; modulated by estrogen levels
Internal Locus of Control
Individual expects that outcomes are controlled by our own actions
-Can lead to OCD
