Stereotypes & Prej Flashcards
Stereotype:
Belief associating wh__ gr__ w/ce__ tr__. Stereotypes are risky in__ from gr__ level information to the in__ level.
Are often po__ charged
~ Help co__ mental energy
~ Not always ac__!
Ou__ vs. In__
- I like Pu__ Ri__. Vs. I like TH_ Pu__ Ri__
whole groups, certain traits
inferences, group, individual
politically
conserve
accurate
outgroups, ingroups
Puerto Ricans
The Puerto Ricans
Mo__ racism:
- Pr__ directed at other ra__ groups that occurs with re__ of explicitly ra__ ideology.
~ “I don’t have anything ag__ Africa, but what major ac__ have come from the continent?”
modern
prejudice, racial, rejection, racist
against, accomplishments
Prejudice:
- Ne__ feelings toward a person because of their as__ with a so__, ra__, et__, re__, se__, ge__, etc. gr__
- Net ef__ is to put the victim at some di__ not wa__ by their conduct
negative, association, social, racial, ethnic, religious, sexual, gender, group
effect, disadvantage, warranted
Discrimination
- Be__ differently (and ne__) toward an individual because of his/her me__ in a particular gr__.
~ Refusing to hi__ gays or lesbians.
~ Can be ac__ or pa__
behaving, negatively, membership, group
hire
active, passive
Reverse Discrimination
- Discriminating against ma__ group members.
Typically held to be less de__ given ma__ group members typically have more po__
majority
detrimental, majority
power
Stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination are highly co__, but not re__.
People can discriminate because of ‘cold’ st__ or ‘hot’ pr__.
Stereotypes can be he__ but people may not necessarily ac_ on them (because of co__, for instance).
Thoughts (st__) and feelings (pr__) are not as de__ as be__ (discrimination).
correlated, redundant
stereotypes, prejudice
held, act, correction
stereotypes, prejudice, destructive, behaviors
Devine Tw_-Step Model of St__ Activation
Pr__: person exposed to st__-relevant information such as seeing a gay man.
Step 1 - Ac__.
- Devine says stereotype ac__ is au__. Mo__ people hold stereotypes.
Step 2 – Ap__
-Devine says what separates pr__ from no_- pr__ samples is the second, co__, step. Stereotype only us__ if a person is pr__.
two, stereotype
priming, stereotype
activation
activation, automatic, most
application
prejudiced, non-prejudiced
controlled
used, prejudiced
Stereotype Activation:
Had two people de__, one Af__ Am__ and one Ca__.
- IV: Co__ made as participants ra__ the debaters’ ability (n_ comment, highly ra__ comment, comment with n_ ra__ content)
- DV: Ratings of debaters’ ab__
–>Even if participants’ didn’t be__ the stereotype, even if they didn’t wa__ it to affect their be__, those in the ‘highly ra__ comment’ condition evaluated the Af__ Am__ debater considerably more ne__.
debate, african american, caucasian
comment, rated
no
racist
no racial
ability
believe, want, behavior, racist, african american, negatively
In a slightly different test, had participants respond to whether or not a word was (+) or (-) following the fast (1/3 second) presentation of either a Wh__ or Bl__ face.
- Concluded there are 3 types of people:
~ Those who do no_ have ne__ associations with African- Americans
~ Those who have au__, ne__ associations and have no problems vo__ them.
~ Those who have au__, ne__ associations, but who want to su__ this reaction
white, black
not, negative
automatic, negative, voicing
automatic, negative, suppress
Stereotype Formation:
“Children are not born ra__.”
- Nonetheless, children are likely born with a pr__ to pr__ information in a sc__-based way
racist
predisposition, processing, schema
Stereotype Formation: where do they come from?
Pa__ Experiences:
- Hi__ – Sl__ portrayed Blacks as mentally in__, attack on Pe__ Ha__ leads people to think of Japanese as sn__, success of German ca__ portrays Germans as ha__-wo__.
- Po__ – Stereotypes are often the result of political pr__ meant to justify wa_, religious in__, ethnic cl__, etc.
- So__ – Stereotypes often begin with re__ differences between cu__.
~ Americans have higher rates of ob__ than many other Eu__ nations.
past
historically, slavery, inferior, peal harbor, sneaky, cars, hard-working
politically, propaganda
war, intolerance, cleansing
socioculturally
real, cultures
obesity, european
Stereotype Formation: Where do they come from?
So__ Learning
- Watching ot__ who also hold st__.
social learning,
others, stereotypes
Stereotype formation: Where do they come from?
Re__ Co__ Theory (Ec__ Perspective)
- Suggests stereotypes form when two or more groups are forced to co__ for li__ resources.
- When the go__ rush of 1849 occurred, the Chinese were called “depraved,” “bloodthirsty,” “inhuman,” and “vicious.”
- In the Southern United States, as co__ prices fell, Black ly__ increased (more co__ for jobs). The correlation was -.72!!!
Ro__ Ca__ Experiment (Sherif, 1961)
- 22 _th-grade boys
- Eagles and Rattlers
- “bums”, “cowards”, “stinkers” ~Su__ goals
realistic conflict
economic
compete, limited
gold rush
cotton, lynchings
competition
robbers cave
5th
superordinate
Stereotype formation: Where do they come from?
Mi__ gr__ paradigm (Tajfel & Billig, 1974)
- Separate people based on mi__ difference
- Allow for the assignment of re__
~ Re__ gain
~ Ab__ gain
- Members interested in maximizing __ gain and not __ gain.
minimal groups
minimal
rewards
relative
absolute
relative, absolute
Problems with Stereotypic Processing:
Problems with media gl__
- By solely paying attention to di__ between groups at the extremities, people ov__ be__-group differences and un__ wi__-group differences
-Outgroup ho__
~ Extent to which members of an ou__ are assumed to be si__.
ex: Ru__ and Pr__ students
gluttony
differences, overestimate, between, underestimate, within
homogeneity
outgroup, similar
rutgers, princeton
