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Attraction & Relationships Flashcards

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1
Q

Need for Be__:

“We have the need to be embedded in he__ relationships”

Attachment as ev__ adaptive (Ha__)

All relationships should share some essential characteristics (ca__, wr__, and fl__, etc.).

A

belonging

healthy

evolutionarily, harlow

caregiving, wrestling, flirtation

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2
Q

Need for Belonging:

He__ costs and benefits of loneliness:

  • Mo__ rates are higher for di__, wi__, or un__.
  • Ps__ admission _-__X higher for di__.
  • Social su__ also linked to higher ca__, im__, and en__ system functioning.
A

health

mortality, divorced, widowed, unmarried

psychiatric, 3-23, divorced

support, cardiovascular, immune, endocrine

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3
Q

What contributes to attraction:

- Several Antecedents to attraction
~  Pr\_\_
~  Fa\_\_
~  Si\_\_
~  Ph\_\_ attractiveness
A

proximity
familiarity
similarity
physical

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4
Q

Proximity:

Student living study (Festinger, Schacter, Beck, 1950)

  • Measured at__ between those living in a un__ housing project:
    ~ Cl__ friends with those who li__ close.
    ~ Mo__ friends among those whose homes faced a
    ce__ court.
  • Is it just living cl__ by?
A

attraction, university

closer, live

more, central

close

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5
Q
  • Contrary to folk wisdom, fa__ does not “breed co__.”
  • Me__ Ex__ Effect:
    The __ often we are exposed to a stimulus, the __ we come to li__ that stimulus.
  • Studies have been performed with ‘Tu__ words,’ id__, and even fa__.
A

familiarity, contempt

mere exposure
more, more, like

turkish, idiographs, faces

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6
Q

Mere Exposure and Attraction:

Moreland & Beach (1992)
- Had students evaluate one student in class for at__ and li__.
Never in__ with any of the other students.

  • _ _: Female confederate sit in on large college classrooms either _, _, _, or _ times
  • _ _: Li__. At the end of the semester, students were shown the woman’s picture and asked to rate how at__ she wasResults: attractiveness rating __ the more frequently she sat in on the class.
A

attractiveness, liking
interacted

IV: 0, 5, 10, 15

DV: liking, attractive

increased

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7
Q

Fa__:
-The more we se__ something, the more we li__ it!
~ Familiarity does NOT breed co__!

A

familiarity

see, like

contempt

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8
Q

Similarity:

Birds of a fe__ really do fl__ together!

Importance of Similarity:

  • De__ characteristics:
    ~ Se__ orientation
    ~Ag_
    ~ Re__
  • Physical At__:
    ~ Ma__ Hypothesis
  • In__
  • At__
    ~ Need for af__
  • Pe__
    ~ Think “Big-_”
A

feather, flock

demographic
sexual
age
religion

attractiveness
matching

intelligence

attitudes
affiliation

personality
5

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9
Q

Our Human Heritage: Courtship and Mating:

-Sociobiological Perspective
~ Organisms maximize chances of pa__ on ge__, and to help our close biological re__, with whom we sh__ genes, to do the sa__.

Behind ro__ and cu__ variability there is an in__ and en__ logic forged by our ev__ past… (Buss, 1989)

  • Male pr__ ma__
  • “Da__ vs Ca__”
  • Ma__-wh__ dichotomy (men judge women as either “wife material” -the Madonna- or as “sex material” -the whore-)
A

passing, genes
relatives, share
same

romanticism, cultural, intricate, enduring, evolutionary

praying mantis

dads, cads

madonna, whore

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10
Q

Gender, Evolution, and Sexual Strategies:

Different kinds of su__ and ma__ problems have caused differences in se__ strategies.

-Males co__ with other males for ac__ to females, and fr__ is important.
~ Male conversations and activities are often co__ and hi__ in nature.

-Females must be more ch__
—it is important to select a male who can pr__ resources.
~St__ indicates re__ potential.
~ Female conversations and interactions are often more co__ in nature

A

survival, mating, sexual

compete, access, frequency
competitive, hierarchical

choosy, provide,
status, resource

cooperative

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11
Q

What makes a person physically attractive?

-Face
~ Sm__, ey__, no__, sh__ of face, pr__ of ja_.

-Physique
~ He__, bo__-type, mu__

A

smile, eyes, nose, shape, protrusion, jaw

height, body, muscularity

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12
Q

What makes a person physically attractive?

  • Av__!
  • Facial Sy__
  • Differences between m__ and w__ for physical attractiveness
A

averageness

symmetry

men, women

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13
Q

Averageness:

Is average beautiful?

  • Why?
    ~ Composites more fa__, more pr__
    ~ Composite faces more sy__
    ~ Individual od__ tend to be ev__ out
A

familiar, prototypical

symmetrical

oddities, evened

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14
Q

What do women prefer?

  • Preferences seem to be more co__ for women than men.
  • Women have greater in__ with pr__ than men.
  • Consider meaning of the term ‘el__ ba__ .’

Preferences:

  • Ec__ capacity.
  • So__ status.
  • Ag_.
  • Am__.
  • In__.
  • De__ and St__.
A

complicated

investment, pregnancy

eligible bachelor

economic
social
age
ambition
industriousness
dependability, stability
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15
Q

In general, women’s preferences:

  • Reflect the desire that a mate be:
    ~ able to support a ch__ with fo__ and sh__.
    ~ able to support a wi__ while the wife is ca__ for the ch__.
    ~ able to remain co__ to a relationship for at least as long as ch__-re__ continues
A

child, food, shelter

wife, caring, child

committed, child-rearing

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16
Q

Youth:
Co__ males from 1939-1988 prefer ma__ who are
an avg. of . years younger.

  • Other countries
    ~Zambia+., Nigeria+., Greece+, Poland+.
  • Men in 30’s prefer _ years younger. 50’s, __ years younger.
    ~ 1st marriage – _ years difference
    ~ 2nd marriage – _ years difference
    ~ 3rd marriage – _ years difference!
A

college, mates, 2.5

7.5, 6.5,
5, 2

5, 20

3
5
8

17
Q

Males:

Beauty
- Men rate physical attractiveness as \_\_ important than women.
~  Sy\_\_
~  Fu\_\_ lips
~  Cl\_\_ Skin
~ Ho\_\_-gl\_\_ shape
~  .\_\_ wa\_\_-to-hi_ ratio
( Highly correlated with bi\_\_ efficacy)
~No constant preferences for we\_\_ or body fa_ %
A

more

symmetry
full
clear
hour-glass
.70, waist, hip
birthing

weight, fat

18
Q

Males:

Faithfulness -Two key points:

  1. Knowing pa__ is much less ce__ than knowing ma__.
  2. Humans have ‘hidden’ es__ (me__) cycle
    - Ultimate risk: Unknowingly raising an__ man’s child!

–>Having a fa__l wife is of paramount importance.
~Pa__ behavior is the best predictor of fu__ behavior.
~ Vi__ are esteemed more so than those who have had many
past pa__.
~ Moderated by cu__ (e.g.,Sw__)

A

paternity, certain, maternity

estrous, menstrual
another

faithful
past, future
virgins, partners

culture
sweden

19
Q

Applying Ev__ Thought to Romance:

What function does je__ serve?

  • Importance of avoiding cu__!
  • Importance of avoiding men who st__!

What function does lo__ serve?
- Imagine men or women who are unable to lo__ each other OR their ch__.
~How would their children su__?
~ Forces of ev__ act through FE__

A

evolutionary

jealousy
cuckoldry
stray

love
love, children
survive
evolution, feelings

20
Q

Cultural Influences on Attraction:

Impact on attraction
~ Cultural no__ help pr__ what ‘i_’ attractive and what ‘i_ n__’ attractive.

~ While there is some ag__ across cultures about what is physically at__, there are also cultural di__.

A

norms, promote, is, is not

agreement, attractive, differences

21
Q

Beauty is also in the “eyes of the beholder”

People from different cu__ enhance be__ in very di__ ways.

  • What is at__ in one pa__ of the world is often seen as re__ in an__.
  • Ideal body sh__ also vary across cu__, as well as among ra__ groups wi__ a culture.
  • St__ of beauty ch__ over time.
A

cultures, beauty, different

attractive, part, repulsive, another

shapes, cultures, racial, within

standards, change

22
Q

Self-Fulfilling Prophecies:

Snyder, Tanke, & Berscheid (1977)
- Male Ps talked to Female Ps over the phone
~ Saw a picture of an at__ or un__ female who they th__ they would be talking to.

  • How did male Ps act on the phone?
    ~ Wa__/more so__ to “at__” females
  • How did the women respond?
    ~ Those talking to male Ps who thought they were
    at__ were rated by independent co__ as more at__, co__, an__, and wa__.
A

attractive, unattractive, thought

warmer, sociable, attractive

attractive, coders, attractive, confident, animated, warm

23
Q

Flirtation:

-Nonverbal
~ Ga__, po__, facial ex__, to__, gr__ gestures

  • Verbal
    ~ Co__, “pi__ lines”
  • Playing “ha__ to ge_”
A

gaze, posture, expression, touch, grooming

compliments, pickup

hard, get

24
Q

Playing Hard-to-Get:

Utilizing the co__ technique of sc__ (making yourself seem sc__).

e. g., When parents fo__ teenagers to go out with someone. (re__)
- Caution, this only works if the person has generally po__ feelings towards you.

A

compliance, scarcity
scarce

forbid, reactance

positive

25
Q

Self-Pr__:

-Attempts to create a po__ yet pl__ image of the se__.
~ Re__ certain things, co__ others.

-  Several no\_\_ we must consider:
~ De\_\_
~  Mo\_\_
~  Be\_\_ ma\_\_ 
~  Co\_\_
A

presentation

positive, plausible, self

reveal, conceal

norms
decorum
modesty
behavioral matching
consistency
26
Q

Attraction–> Relationships

Over ti__ and with enough at__, re__ occasionally occur.
~ Some are in__
~ In__ is not necessarily a re__

A

time, attraction, relationships

intimate
intimacy, requirement

27
Q

Social Ex__ Theory:

Sa__ and co__ are based on perceptions of co__ and re__.

  • An ec__ model of relationships.

Ex__ based relationships:

  • Tr__-based
  • __-term
  • Individuals don’t feel re__ for each other.

Co__ relationships

  • Individuals feel re__ for each other.
  • Generally __-term relationship.
  • Co__
A

exchange

satisfaction, commitment, costs, rewards

economic

exchange
trade
short
responsibility

communal
responsibility
longer

consistency

28
Q

Eq__ Theory
-ab__ may not matter

Suggests sa__ occurs when both partners have similar co__/be__ ratios.

Satisfaction occurs when:

yo__ rewards = pa__’s rewards

yo__ costs=pa__’s costs

A

equity
absolutes

satisfaction, cost/benefit

your, partner’s

your, partner’s

29
Q

Re__ Exchange Theory:
-when ma__ may not apply

Suggests men and women provide different co__:

  • Men provide ea__ potential and st__.
  • Women provide ch__-be__ capability

–>Explains: Extreme a__ differences between some of the partners mentioned earlier (Anna Nicole Smith, J. Howard Marshall).

A

resource
matching

commodities

earning, status

child-bearing

age

30
Q

Stages of Courtship:

St__ Stage:
-fi__ contact

Va__ Stage:
-- contacts

Ro__ Stage:
-_ or m__ contacts–> toward ma__ or long-term co__

A

stimulus
first

value
2-7

role
8, more
marriage, cohabitation

31
Q

Sternberg’s Tr__ Theory Of Love:

consists of in__, pa__, and co__ consummating

Li__=intimacy alone

Co__ Love=intimacy+commitment

em__ love=commitment alone

fa__ love= passion+commitment

in__= passion alone

ro__ love=intimacy+passion

A

triangular

intimacy, passion, commitment

liking

companionate

empty

fatuous

infatuation

romantic

Social Psych (11 decks)

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