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Biochemistry > Stereoisomers > Flashcards

Stereoisomers Flashcards

1
Q

Define stereoisomers

A
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2
Q

The number of possible stereoisomers of a carbohydrate is determined by what?

A

By the formula of the number of asymmetric carbon atoms

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3
Q

What are the types of isomerism

A

D and L isomerism
Optical isomers
Epimers
Diastereoisomers
Aldo-keto isomers
Anomers

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4
Q

Define D and L isomerism

A

The D and L forms of sugar are mirror images of each other, with reversed configurations at the penultimate carbon

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5
Q

What will be the OH position for the D and L isomerism

A
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6
Q

D sugars are what?

A

Naturally occurring sugars and the body con metabolize only D sugars

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7
Q

Explain optical isomers

A
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8
Q

Explain epimers

A

Two sugars that differ from one another only in configuration around a single Carbon atom

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9
Q

Give examples of epimers

A

Glucose and galactose - C4
Glucose and mannose - C2

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10
Q

Explain diastereoisomers

A
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11
Q

What’s the difference between diastereomers and enantiomers ?

A

Diastereomers have different physical properties, like melting and boiling point, solubility, and they do not rotate plane-polarized light in equal but opposite directions

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12
Q

Explain the Aldo - keto isomers

A
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13
Q

Anomers is divided into what

A

Cyclization
Pyranose and furanose rings
Mutarotation

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14
Q

Explain cyclization

A
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15
Q

Explain pyranose and furanose rings

A
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16
Q

Explain the mutarotation

A
17
Q

Glucose can be delicate in what several forms?

A

Open chain projection
Hemiacetal ring structure
Pyranose ring

18
Q

Explain the open chain projection of glucose

A

A linear form proposed by Emil Fischer in 1883

19
Q

Explain the hemiacetal ring structure of glucose

A

Formed when the aldehyde group on C1 reacts with the hydroxyl group on C5

20
Q

Explain the Pyranose ring of glucose

A

The predominant form in biological systems, representing glucose in a ring structure

Biochemistry (14 decks)

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