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Biochemistry > Polysaccharides > Flashcards

Polysaccharides Flashcards

1
Q

Define polysaccharides

A

Made of several sugar units linked together by glycosidic bonds

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2
Q

What are the two types of polysaccharides

A

Homopolysaccharides → composed of a single kind of monosaccharides
Heteropolysaccharides → composed of two or more different monosaccharides

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3
Q

What is the function of starch

A

Serves as a storage carbohydrate in plants

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4
Q

What are rich in starch

A

Cereal grains and tubers such as potatoes

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5
Q

How is starch digested

A

Digested in the gut by pancreatic or salivary amylases to release glucose

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6
Q

What is the structure of starch

A

It is a mixture of amylose and amylopectin

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7
Q

Describe amylose

A
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8
Q

Describe amylopectin

A
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9
Q

What is the origin of dextrins

A

Formed by partial hydrolysis of starch through acids or enzymes

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10
Q

What is the structure of dextrins

A

Intermediate products of starch hydrolysis, composed of glucose polymers

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11
Q

What is the function of dextrins

A

Used in food products like corn syrup and as adhesives and binders

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12
Q

What is biomedical use of dextrins

A

Used as mucilages in adhesives and infant feeding formulas

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13
Q

What is glycogen ?

A

Storage polysaccharide in humans

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14
Q

What is the structure of glycogen

A
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15
Q

What is the importance of liver glycogen and muscle glycogen

A
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16
Q

What is the function and clinical use of Dextrans

A
17
Q

What is the function of cellulose

A
18
Q

What is the structure of cellulose

A
19
Q

What is cellulose hydrolyzed by

A
20
Q

What is the function of inulin

A

Used as a marker for glomerular filtration rate in renal function test

21
Q

What is the structure of inulin

A

Composed of repeated fructose units

22
Q

Where is inulin found

A

In bulbs and tubers like chicory and garlic

23
Q

Where is chitin found

A

In exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects

24
Q

What is chitin composed of

A

Biochemistry (14 decks)

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