Phospholipids Flashcards
Phospholipids are classified into what
The backbone alcohol is glycerol - glycerophospholipids
The backbone alcohols is sphingosine - sphingophospholipids
What are the types of glycerophospholipids
Phosphatidic acid
Lecithins
Cephalins
Cardiolipins
Plasmalogens
What is the structure of phosphatidic acid
One glycerol
One saturated fatty acid
One unsaturated fatty acid
Phosphate group
What is the function of phosphatidic acid
They are precursors and intermediates of triacylglycerols and other phospholipids
What is the structure of Lecithins
One glycerol
One saturated fatty acid
One unsaturated fatty acid
Phosphate group
Choline group
What are the derivatives of lecithins
Surfactant
Lysolecithin
Explain surfactant
Dipalmitoyl lecithin reduces the surface tension of alveoli and prevents lung collapse
Explain lysolecithin
Arachidonic acid
Phospholipase A2 releases Arachidonic acid and enters in eicosanoid synthesis
What is the function of lecithins
The most abundant phospholipid in the cell membrane of all tissues
What is the structure of cephalins
One glycerol
One saturated fatty acid
One unsaturated fatty acid
Phosphate group
Attached groups may be: Inositol, serine, ethanol amine
What is the function of cephalins
The main component of the membrane of the CNS
Mediators of blood clotting
2nd messenger, certain hormones mediate their action by PI
What is the structure of cardiolipin
2 phosphatidic acids
One glycerol linker
R1 saturated fatty acid
R2 unsaturated fatty acid
What is the function of cardiolipin
The main component of the inner mitochondria membrane supporting the electron transport chain
What is the structure of plasmalogen
R1 replaced by unsaturated alcohol
R2 unsaturated fatty acid
Glycerol
Attached groups may be: choline, ethanol amine
What is the function of plasmalogen
Component of the membrane in the central nervous system
