SPUTUM, BAL, SWEAT Flashcards
Tracheobronchial secretions are a mixture of
Plasma, electrolytes, mucin, water
Most important single component of sputum viscosity
Sialic acid
Acceptable sputum specimen criteria
<10 SEC/LPF and >/= 25 WBC/LPF
Preferred sputum specimen collection time
First morning
24-hour sputum collection use
Volume measurement
Pediatric sputum collection method
Throat swab
Non-cooperative patient sputum collection
Sputum induction
Debilitated/unconscious patient sputum collection
Tracheal aspiration
Sputum specimen preservation methods
Refrigeration or 10% formalin
Decreased sputum volume causes
Bronchial asthma, acute bronchitis, early pneumonia, stage of healing
Increased sputum volume causes
Bronchiectasis, lung abscess, edema, gangrene, tuberculosis, pulmonary hemorrhage
Colorless or translucent sputum indicates
Mucus only
White or yellow sputum indicates
Increased pus (TB, bronchitis, jaundice, pneumonia)
Gray sputum indicates
Pus and epithelial cells
Bright green or greenish sputum indicates
Bile, P. aeruginosa infection, lung abscess
Red or bright red sputum indicates
Fresh blood, hemorrhage, TB, bronchiectasis
Anchovy sauce or rusty brown sputum indicates
Old blood, pneumonia, gangrene
Prune juice sputum indicates
Pneumonia, chronic lung cancer
Olive green or grass green sputum indicates
Cancer
Black sputum indicates
Dust, carbon, charcoal, anthracosis, smoking
Rusty sputum with pus indicates
Lobar pneumonia
Rusty sputum without pus indicates
CHF
Currant jelly-like sputum indicates
Klebsiella pneumonia infection
Foul or putrid sputum indicates
Lung gangrene, advanced necrotizing tumors