Sports medicine & nutrition

Question 1

Guidelines for sports activity/week?

Answer 1

150-300 min moderate aerobic activity
75-150 min vigorous-intensity aerobic activity

Additional health:
2days/week muscle-strengthening
Limit amount of time sedentary
replace with physical activity (stairs over elevator)

Question 2

What is the main goal of sports medicine?

Answer 2

prevention and management of injury and disease for both athletes and people that (start to) exercise

Question 3

What is the role of sports with cancer?

Answer 3

• less fatigue
• Less anxiety + depression
• Improves physical functioning
• Improves quality of life
• Improves survival

Question 4

What is the role of sports and diabetes T2?

Answer 4

: lifestyle exercise: 58% reduction DT2 vs 31% in metformine group (glucose-lowering drug)

Question 5

What is the role of sports and depression?

Answer 5

Physical exercise as effective as psychological health in some cases

Question 6

What is CPET?

Answer 6

(cardiopulmonary exercise testing)
Heart, lungs + muscle tested during exercise.
Find explanation for fatigue, unexplained exercise tolerance
- Screening
- Exercise prescription
- Ventilatory tresholds & training zones

Question 7

What is the overtraining syndrome ?

Answer 7

(performance athlete goes down, higher susceptibility colds, does not eat as well anymore) Trainer: train harder! Vicious circle -> can take months to years to

Question 8

Injury mechanism: internal risk factors -> external rik factors -> inciting event. Examples of all?

Answer 8

internal:

• age
  -sex
  health
  -anatomy

external
- sports factors (coaching, rules)
- sports equipment
- protecrtive equipment

Inciting event:
-playing situation
-player/opponent behaviour
- biochemical description

Question 9

Proteins and injury: prevention or recovery? explain

Answer 9

Prevention
* Extra proteins not effective in prevention of muscle injuries and cramps
Recovery
* Improves muscle regeneration in muscle injuries
* Important to prevent loss of muscle mass due to immobilization!

Question 10

Nutrition and bone

Prevention:
- High energy intake
- Vitamin D and calcium
- Sufficient proteins

Treatment stress fracture navicular bone:

• Immobilisation (sometimes surgery)
• Inactivity: increase fat mass, loss muscle mass
   Reduce energy intake, increase protein intake: difficult balance

Answer 10

ok

Question 11

What is very common (50%) for runners to experience during their runnnig career (injury)?

Answer 11

achilles tendinopathy

Question 12

What are risk factors for achilles tendinopathy?

Answer 12

1. Alcohol
2. Ofloxacnine
3. Lagere kracht in buikspieren

Question 13

Nutrition and tendons: what can be done for prevention?

Answer 13

Collagen + hydrolysed collagen
 Increase collagen synthesis, combined with
Vitamin C
 Collagen synthesis & formation of cross-links