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ABDOMINAL II (DMS 122) > Spleen WB > Flashcards

Spleen WB Flashcards

1
Q

results from failure of fusion of separate splenic masses forming on the dorsal mesogastrium; most commonly found in the splenic hilum or along the splenic vessels or associated ligaments

A

accessory spleen (splenunculus)

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2
Q

a metabolic disorder marked by amyloid deposits in organs and tissue

A

amyloidosis

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3
Q

anemia caused by antibodies produced by the patient’s own immune system

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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4
Q

process by which the spleen removes abnormal red blood cells as they pass through

A

culling

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5
Q

red blood cell

A

erythrocyte

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6
Q

one of the ligaments between the stomach and spleen that helps to hold the spleen in place

A

gastrosplenic ligament

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7
Q

one of the storage diseases in which fat and proteins are deposited abnormally in the body

A

Gaucher’s disease

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8
Q

blood cell production

A

hematopoiesis

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9
Q

oxygen-binding protein found in red blood cells

A

hemoglobin

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10
Q

anemia resulting from hemolysis of red blood cells

A

hemolytic anemia

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11
Q

pigment released from the hemoglobin process

A

hemosiderin

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12
Q

a malignant disease that involves lymphoid tissue

A

Hodgkin’s disease

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13
Q

an interruption in the blood supply to an area that may lead to necrosis of the area

A

infarction

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14
Q

within the peritoneal cavity

A

intraperitoneal

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15
Q

left upper quadrant of the abdomen that contains the left lobe of the liver, the spleen, and the stomach

A

left hypochondrium

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16
Q

abnormal decrease in white blood corpuscles; may be drug induced

A

leukopenia

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17
Q

ligament between the spleen and kidney that helps support the greater curvature of the stomach

A

lienorenal ligament

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18
Q

an alkaline fluid found in the lymphatic vessels

A

lymph

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19
Q

follicles in the white pulp of the spleen, containing many lymphocytes

A

malpighian corpuscles

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20
Q

an acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus that most commonly affects teenagers and young adults; symptoms include fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, abnormal lymphocysts, and hepatosplenomegaly

A

mononucleosis

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21
Q

a malignant disease of lymphoid tissue seen with increased frequency in individuals older than 50 years of age

A

non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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22
Q

process by which the red pulp destroys the degenerating red blood cells

A

phagocytosis

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23
Q

one of the ligaments between the spleen and the splenic flexure of the colon

A

phrenocolic ligament

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24
Q

process by which the spleen removes nuclei from blood cells without destroying the erythrocytes

A

pitting

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25
Q

an excess of red blood cells

A

polycythemia

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26
Q

chronic, life-shortening condition of unknown cause involving bone marrow elements; characterized by an increase in red blood cell mass and hemoglobin concentration

A

polycythemia vera

27
Q

condition in which more than one spleen is present

A

polysplenia

28
Q

consists of reticular cells and fibers (cords of Billroth); surrounds the splenic sinuses

A

red pulp

29
Q

certain phagocytic cells (found in the liver and spleen) make up the reticuloendothelial system (RES); plays a role in the synthesis of blood proteins and hemopoiesis

A

reticuloendothelial

30
Q

inherited disorder transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait that causes an abnormality of the globin genes in hemoglobin

A

sickle cell anemia

31
Q

condition in sickle cell anemia in which the sickled cells interfere with oxygen transport, obstruct capillary blood flow, and cause fever and severe pain in the joints and abdomen

A

sickle cell crisis

32
Q

condition in which erythrocytes assume a spheroid shape; hereditary

A

spherocytosis

33
Q

branch of the celiac axis; tortuous course toward the spleen; serves as the superior border of the pancreas

A

splenic artery

34
Q

located in the middle of the spleen; site where vessels and lymph nodes enter and exit the spleen

A

splenic hilum

35
Q

long irregular channels lined by endothelial cells or flattened reticular cells

A

splenic sinuses

36
Q

leaves the splenic hilum, travels transversely through the upper abdomen to join with the superior mesenteric vein to form the main portal vein; serves as the posterior medial border of the pancreas

A

splenic vein

37
Q

enlargement of the spleen

A

splenomegaly

38
Q

group of hereditary anemias occurring in Asian and Mediterranean populations

A

thalassemia

39
Q

spleen that has migrated from its normal location in the left upper quadrant

A

wandering spleen

40
Q

consists of lymphatic tissue and lymphatic follicles

A

white pulp

41
Q

complete absence of the spleen

A

splenic agenesis

42
Q

defend the body by destroying invading microorganisms & their toxins

A

white blood cell

43
Q

The spleen is part of the reticuloendothelial system and is the largest single mass of ______ tissue in the body.

A

lymphoid

44
Q

The spleen is a(n) _______ organ, covered with peritoneum over its entire extent except for a small area at its hilum, where the vascular structures and lymph nodes are located.

A

intraperitoneal

45
Q

The spleen is normally measured with ultrasound on a longitudinal image from the ______ margin to the ______ margin at the long axis.

A

upper, inferior

46
Q

________ may occur as part of asplenic or polysplenia syndrome in association with complex cardiac malformations, bronchopulmonary abnormalities, or visceral heterotaxis.

A

splenic agenesis

47
Q

A(n) ________ is usually found near the hilum or inferior border of the spleen but has been reported elsewhere in the abdominal cavity.

A

accessory spleen

48
Q

The _______ indicates the percentage of red blood cells per volume of blood.

A

hematocrit

49
Q

The term _____ indicates bacteria in the bloodstream.

A

sepsis

50
Q

The increase in the number of white blood cells present in the blood that is a typical finding of infection is called ______.

A

leukocytosis

51
Q

Sonographically the splenic parenchyma should have a fine homogeneous _______, as is seen within the liver parenchyma.

A

low-level echo pattern

52
Q

Systemic venous congestion is found in cardiac decompensation involving the _______ side of the heart.

A

right

53
Q

In infants and children in crisis, the earlier stage of _______, the spleen is enlarged with marked congestion of the red pulp.

A

sickle cell anemia

54
Q

Patients with hepatosplenic _______ may show irregular masses within the spleen, the “wheels-within-wheels” pattern, with outer wheel representing the ring of fibrosis surrounding the inner echogenic wheel of inflammatory cells and a central hypoechoic area.

A

candidiasis

55
Q

If the patient has severe left upper quadrant pain secondary to trauma, a splenic ______ or a(n) _______ hematoma should be considered.

A

hematoma, subcupsular

56
Q

the splenic vein leaves the hilum of the spleen

A
57
Q

anterior view of the spleen as it lies in the left hypochondrium

A
58
Q

sagittal plane of the spleen and left kidney

A
59
Q

a yound male presented w/ vague epigastric pain. US revealed an anomaly. in the scan over the LUQ, what is the sonographic findings?

A

accessory spleen- a small accessory spleen projects from the hilum of the spleen

60
Q

the patient had LUQ pain and fever for 1 week before aUS exam. what is your sonographic findings?

A

spleen is enlarged, w/ multiple inhomogeneous texture masses w/ in the parenchyma which represents lymphoma

61
Q

these images over LUQ demonstrate what?

A

spleenomegaly

62
Q

describre the abnormality in the spleen in this pt w/ fever & chills for 3 weeks

A

a large splenic abscess is seen within the splenic parenchyma

63
Q

a 20 year old presents to the ER after a bicycle accident. based on this image, what are your sonographic findings?

A

seperation of the splenic capsule from the spleen secondary to a large hematoma

64
Q

is this the spleen or liver & why?

A

the liver - you can see the hepatic and portal veins

ABDOMINAL II (DMS 122) (15 decks)

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