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ABDOMINAL II (DMS 122) > Scrotum WB > Flashcards

Scrotum WB Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

terminal intratesticular artery arising from the capsular arteries

A

centripetal artery

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3
Q

small artery arising from the inferior epigastric artery (a branch of the external iliac artery), which supplies the peritesticular tissue, including the cremasteric muscle

A

cremasteric artery

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4
Q

an extension of the internal oblique muscle that descends to the testis with the spermatic cord; contraction of the cremasteric muscle shortens the spermatic cord and elevates the testis

A

cremasteric muscle

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5
Q

also called undescended testes; testicles remain within the abdomen or groin and fail to descend into the scrotal sac

A

cryptorchidism

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6
Q

arises from the vesicle artery (a branch of the internal iliac artery) and supplies the vas deferens and epididymis

A

deferential artery

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7
Q

connect the seminal vesicle and the vas deferens to the urethra at the verumontanum

A

ejaculatory ducts

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8
Q

cyst filled with clear, serous fluid located in the epididymis

A

epididymal cyst

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9
Q

anatomic structure formed by the network of ducts leaving the mediastinum testis that combine into a single, convoluted epididymal tubule; located on the posterolateral aspect of the testis; the epididymis consists of the head, the body, and the tail; spermatozoa mature and accumulate within the epididymis

A

epididymis

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10
Q

inflammation of the epididymis

A

epididymitis

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11
Q

blood located between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis

A

hematocele

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12
Q

fluid formed between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis

A

hydrocele

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13
Q

central linear structure formed by the convergence of multiple thin septations within the testicle; the septations are invaginations of the tunica albuginea

A

mediastinum testis

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14
Q

plexus of veins in the spermatic cord that drain into the right and left testicular veins; when a varicocele is present, dilation and tortuosity may develop

A

pampiniform plexus

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15
Q

the internal and external pudendal arteries partially supply the scrotal wall and epididymis and occasionally the lower pole of the testis

A

pudendal artery

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16
Q

pus located between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis

A

pyocele

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17
Q

terminal ends of the centripetal (intratesticular) arteries that curve backward toward the capsule

A

recurrent rami

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18
Q

network of channels formed by the convergence of the straight seminiferous tubules in the mediastinum testis; these channels drain into the head of the epididymis

A

rete testis

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19
Q

sac containing the testes and epididymis

A

scrotum

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20
Q

reservoirs for sperm located posterior to the bladder

A

seminal vesicles

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21
Q

multiple septa formed from the tunica albuginea that course toward the mediastinum testis and separate the testicle into lobules

A

septa testis

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22
Q

structure made up of vas deferens, testicular artery, cremasteric artery, and pampiniform plexus that suspends the testis in the scrotum

A

spermatic cord

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23
Q

cyst in the vas deferens containing sperm

A

spermatocele

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24
Q

male gonad that produces hormones that induce masculine features and spermatozoa

A

testicle

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25
Q

artery arising from the aorta just distal to each renal artery; it divides into two major branches, supplying the testis medially and laterally

A

testicular artery

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26
Q

the pampiniform plexus forms each testicular vein; the right testicular vein drains directly into the inferior vena cava, whereas the left testicular vein drains into the left renal vein

A

testicular vein

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27
Q

inner fibrous membrane surrounding the testicle

A

tunica albuginea

28
Q

membrane consisting of a visceral layer (adherent to the testis) and a parietal layer (adherent to the scrotum) lining the inner wall of the scrotum; a potential space between these layers is where hydroceles may develop

A

tunica vaginalis

29
Q

small membranous canal that extends from the bladder to the end of the penis

A

urethra

30
Q

dilated veins in the pampiniform plexus caused by obstruction of the venous return from the testicle

A

varicocele

31
Q

tube that connects the epididymis to the seminal vesicle

A

vas deferens

32
Q

junction of the ejaculatory ducts with the urethra

A

verumontanum

33
Q

The testes are symmetric, oval-shaped glands residing in the ______

A

scrotum

34
Q

The seminiferous tubules converge at the apex of each lobule and anastomose to form the ________in the mediastinum.

A

rete testis

35
Q

The largest part of the epididymis is the ______, measuring 6 to 15 mm in width.

A

head

36
Q

The ductus epididymis becomes the ________ and continues in the spermatic cord.

A

vas deferens

37
Q

The testis is completely covered by a dense, fibrous tissue termed the ________.

A

tunica albuginea

38
Q

The _________ supports the ducts coursing within the testis.

A

mediastinum

39
Q

The space between the layers of the tunica vaginalis is where ________ can form.

A

hydroceles

40
Q

The _______ is a continuation of the ductus _______.

A

vas defernes, epididymis

41
Q

The vas deferns dilates at the terminal portion near ______

A

seminal vesicles

42
Q

Right and left testicular arteries arise from the ________ just below the level of the renal arteries.

A

abdominal aorta

43
Q

Venous drainage of the scrotum occurs through the veins of the _________ plexus.

A

panpiniform

44
Q

Power doppler is often used as a way to quickly get to a sensitive setting that will demonstrate _______ flow.

A

slow

45
Q

The most important goal of the ultrasound examination in testicular trauma is to determine if ________ has occurred.

A

rupture

46
Q

An acute hematocele is __________ with numerous, highly visible echoes that can be seen to float or move in real time.

A

echogenic

47
Q

The most common cause of acute scrotal pain in adults is _________ infection of the epididymis and testis

A

epididymo-orchitis

48
Q

The normal epididymis shows ______ flow with color doppler.

A

little

49
Q

With epididymitis, Doppler waveforms demonstrate _______ velocities in both systole and diastole. A low resistance waveform pattern is present.

A

increased

50
Q

Hydroceles are found around the ______ aspect of the testis.

A

anterolateral

51
Q

________ of the spermatic cord occurs as a result of abnormal mobility of the testis within the scrotum.

A

torsion

52
Q

The ______ anomaly occurs when the tunica vaginalis completely surrounds the testis, epididymis, and distal spermatic cord, allowing them to move and rotate freely within the scrotum.

A

Bell Clapper

53
Q

Torsion is the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in __________

A

adolescents

54
Q

A(n) _________ of perfusion in the symptomatic testis with normal perfusion demonstrated in the asymptomatic side is considered to be diagnostic torsion.

A

absence

55
Q

Extratesticular cysts are found in the tunica ______ or epididymis.

A

albuginea

56
Q

________ are usually caused nu incompetent venous valves within the spermatic vein.

A

varicoceles

57
Q

Omental hernias appear ________ because of the omental fat

A

echogenic

58
Q

A(n) ________ contains serous fluid and is the most common cause of painless scrotal swelling.

A

hydroceles

59
Q

Testicular cancer occurs most frequently between the ages of ________ years.

A

20-34

60
Q

Patients with ________ testes are 2.5 to 8 times more likely to develop cancer.

A

undescended

61
Q

These masses called ________ are usually benign, whereas ________ masses are more likely to be malignant.

A

extratesticular, intratesticular

62
Q

The term _________ describes a condition in which the testis has not descended into the scrotum and cannot be brought into the scrotum with external manipulation.

A

undescended testis or cryptochidism

63
Q

*describe the sonographic findings on this image of the tunica vaginalis

A

hydrocele between the parietal and tunica layers of the tunica vaginalis

64
Q

*what is the arrow pointing to?

A

A extratesticular cystic mass superior and lateral to the right testis (this is consistant with spermatocele and epididymal cyst

B. shows a stalk connecting the cyst to the head of the epididymitis. this confirms pedumculated cystic appendix epididymis

65
Q

*what is the abnormality

A

dilated tubules of the reste testis in the area of the mediastinum

66
Q

*what structure is the arrow pointing to?

A

testis mediastinum

67
Q
A

ABDOMINAL II (DMS 122) (15 decks)

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