Spirochetes

Question 1

Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in dogs

Answer 1

Microscopic Agglutination Test

Question 2

Papillomatous Digital Dermatitis (PPD)

Answer 2

Grosing cause of lameness of cows in the US dairy industry

Decreased milk production

Lower reproductive efficiency

Question 3

Disease

Etiologic Agent

Answer 3

Rabbit Syphilis - Vent Disease

Treponema paraluis- cuniculi

Question 4

Most common leptospira serovars that cause equine leptospirosis

Answer 4

Serovars pomona and grippotyphosa

Question 5

Clinical signs of Leptospirosis in dogs

Answer 5

Mild or no signs

Acute febrile illness

Renal or hepatic injury, uveitis, pulmonary hemorrhage, abortion

PU/PD, dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, inappetence, lethargy, abdominal pain

Hepatic and renal Failure

Bleeding abnormalities and DIC

Question 6

Pathogenic Leptospira species are maintained in

Answer 6

Renal tubules of reservoir animals

Question 7

Disease

Possible etiologic agent

Answer 7

Papillomatous Digital Dermatitis - PDD

Question 8

Borrelia is trasmitted via

Answer 8

arthropod vector

Question 9

Virulence of Borrelia is associated with

Answer 9

Antigenic variation in major outer surface lipoproteins (OPS)

Question 10

Causative agent of Papillomatoius Digital Dermatitis (PPD) - Hairy Heel Warts (HHW)

Answer 10

Treponema pallidum

Question 11

Pathogenesis of Lyme Disease

Answer 11

• Tick becomes infected when feeding on bacteremic animal
• Tick ingests blood, spirochete up regulates expression of outer surface protein
• Spirochete moves from midgut to hemolymph to salivary gland
• Transmitted to animal when tick feeds

Question 12

Treponema pallidum infection in humans

Answer 12

Syphilis

Question 13

Transmission of Bracyspira

Answer 13

Asymptomatic carrier pigs are the most important mode of transmission

Question 14

Diagnosis of Brachyspira infection

Answer 14

Direct staining - Wrights Giemsa, Victoria Blue

Question 15

Causative agent of Swine Dysentery

Answer 15

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

Question 16

Clinical signs of Brachyspira infection

Answer 16

Bloody diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss

Grey to strawberry colored feces and dehydration

Question 17

Brachyspira

Answer 17

Gram Negative

Strong beta-hemolytic

Oxygen tolerant

Anaerobic

Loosly coiled, motile spirochete

Question 18

Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in cattle and ruminants

Answer 18

Urine FA and PCR

Question 19

Rabbit Syphilis - Vent Disease

Answer 19

Self limiting disease

Perineal and Facial lesions

Increase susceptibility to other infection

Epidermal hyperplasia with erosion and ulcers

Question 20

Treatment for Tremponema pallidum in cattle

Answer 20

Spray feet with antibiotic solutions while they are in milkin parlor

Question 21

Most common vector borne bacterial disease in humans

Answer 21

Lyme Disease

Question 22

Arthropod vector of Lyme Disease

Answer 22

Ixodes scapularis

Ixodes pacificus

Question 23

Diagnosis of Rabbit Syphilis

Answer 23

Demonstration of spirochetes in typical lesions

Question 24

Leptospirosis in swine is charcterized by

Answer 24

Reproductive failure as evidence by infertility and sporadic abortion

Question 25

Treatment of Leptospirosis in cattle and ruminants

Answer 25

Vaccination and Antibiotics

Question 26

Clinical signs of Canine Lyme Disease

Answer 26

Fever, acute arthritis, athralgia and lameness Infection usually subclinical

Question 27

Species of leptospira host adapted in cattle resulting in reproductive failure due to early embryonic death and repeated bleeding

Answer 27

Leptospira borgpetersenni serovar hardjo

Question 28

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is chemotactically attracted to

Answer 28

Hog Mucin

Question 29

Clinical leptospirosis in horses is most commonly associated with

Answer 29

Abortions and systemic illness in foals

Question 30

Lesions found in large intestines only Sharp line of demarcation at ileocecal junction Fibronecrotic pseudomembranous colitis with granular, hyperemic mucosa - Advanced cases

Answer 30

Brachyspira pilosicoli

Question 31

Pathogenesis of Leptospira infection

Answer 31

* Penetrates epithelial barriers * Bacteremia * Enter liver, kidney, spleen, CNS, genital tract * Antibodies develop * Shedding

Question 32

Causative agent of Avian Borrelosis

Answer 32

Borrelia anserina

Question 33

Causative agent of Relapsing Fever Borreliae

Answer 33

Borrelia recurrentis

Question 34

Reservoir animals excrete Leptospira through

Answer 34

Urine

Question 35

Bracyspira pilosicoli

Answer 35

Causes intestinal spirochetosis in animals and humans

Question 36

Swine Dysentery affects pigs of what age

Answer 36

Actively growing pigs 6-12 weeks old

Question 37

Location of flagella in Spirochetes

Answer 37

Periplasmic space

Question 38

Lesions assoicated with Brachyspira infection

Answer 38

Sharp line of demarcation at ileocecal junction, fibronecrotic pseudomembranous colitis with granular, hyperemic mucosa

Question 39

Treatment for Canine Lyme Disease

Answer 39

Doxycycline

Question 40

Clinical signs of leptospriosis in foals

Answer 40

Hemolysis and vasculitis with petechial hemorrhage, hemoglobinuria, anemia, icterus, conjunctival suffusion

Question 41

Leptospira serovars responsible for swine leptospirosis

Answer 41

Serovar pomona and bratislava

Question 42

Causative agent of Rabbit Syphilus - Vent Disease

Answer 42

Treponema paraluis-cuniculi

Question 43

Answer 43

Borrelia

Question 44

Answer 44

Treponema

Question 45

Treatment for Leptospirosis in dogs

Answer 45

Supportive care and antibiotics

Question 46

Clinical signs of Leptospirosis in cattle and ruminants

Answer 46

High fever, hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, jaundice, pulmonary congestion, meningitis

Question 47

Diagnosis of Canine Lyme Disease

Answer 47

SNAP Test Western blot

Question 48

Causative agent of Lyme Disease

Answer 48

Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 49

Leptospira serovar pomona is endemic in was species

Answer 49

California Sea Lion