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RUSVM Bacteriology > Gram Positive Rods > Flashcards

Gram Positive Rods Flashcards

1
Q

Listeria ___________ causes occastional infection and is associated with ruminant abortion.

A

Listeria ivanovii causes occastional infection and is associated with ruminant abortion.

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2
Q

___________ are large, endospore forming, rapidly growing bacteria that are important soil saphrophytes.

A

Bacillus spp. are large, endospore forming, rapidly growing bacteria that are important soil saphrophytes.

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3
Q

Trueperella ________ can cause summer mastitis

A

Trueperella pyogenes can cause summer mastitis

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4
Q

Facultative intracellular pathogen, lipid-rich cell envelope with mycolic acid capable of intra-macrophage survival and granuloma formation

A

Rhodoccocus equi

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5
Q

The capsule of Bacillus anthracis is unique because

A

The capsule of Bacillus anthracis is unique because it is composed of polymers of D glutamic acid

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6
Q

Edema Factor

A

Component of Anthrax toxin - inhibits neutrophil function

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7
Q

Bacillus anthracis has resistance or reduced susceptibility to

A

Trimethoprim/sulfa

Erythromycin

Azithromycin

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8
Q

Virulence factors of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

A

Phospholipase D

Lipid Coat

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9
Q

Main species of Nocardia

A

N. asteroides

N. brasiliensis

N. otitidiscavarum

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10
Q

Bacillus ___________ is an insect pathogen.

A

Bacillus thuringiensis is an insect pathogen.

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11
Q

_________ are the most important reservoir for Erysipelothrix spp.

A

Pigs are the most important reservoir for Erysipelothrix spp.

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12
Q

Internal form of caseous lymphadenitis

A

Characterized by abscess formation within internal organs

________________________

More common in sheep

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13
Q

Commensal organism in prepucial mucosa of boars, sexually transmitted and causes porcine cystitis and pyelonephritis

A

Actinobaculum suis

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14
Q

Diagnosis of B. anthracis

A

Blood smear

Aerobic Culture

PCR

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15
Q

Describe the appearance of Rhodococcus equi bacterial colonies

A

Mucoid with a salmon pink color

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16
Q

The presence of mycolic acid is important because

A

The presence of mycolic acid is important because acid-fast stain can be used for diagnosis

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17
Q

Treatment of Nocardia

A

Aminoglycoside + Carbapenem

Trimethoprim/Sulfa

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18
Q

Diagnosis of Rhodococcus equi

A

CBC/ Serum Chemistry

Thoracic Radiographs

Culture

PCR

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19
Q

Reportable Bacillus Pathogen

A

Bacillus Anthracis

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20
Q

Erysipelothrix __________ is less common, it is avirulent in pigs but associated with disease in dogs.

A

Erysipelothrix tonsillarium is less common, it is avirulent in pigs but associated with disease in dogs.

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21
Q
A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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22
Q

Causes lumpy jaw in cattle

A

Actinomyces bovis

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23
Q

Diagnosis for Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

A

Symptoms

Abscess/ Chronic Weight Loss

Culture

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24
Q

Clinical Signs:

Neurological symptoms

Unilateral trigeminal and facial nerve paralysis

Purulent endophthalmitis

A

Listeria spp

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25
Erysipelothrix has an intrinsic resistance to
Vancomycin Aminoglycosides Sulfonamides
26
Listeria spp
27
Causes Rain Scald
Dermatophilus congolensis
28
Important virulence factors of B. anthracis
Capsule Anthrax toxin \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Both required for virulence
29
Pleomorphic, faculative intracellular bacterium. In gram stained smears characteristic long or branching filaments and a tendency to fragment into rods and cocci
Nocardia
30
Common secondary invader in shipping fever pneumonia in cattle
Trueperella pyogenes
31
Dermatophilus congolensis
32
Cause
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
33
Treatment of Dermatophilus congolensis
Penicillin G and Tetracycline
34
Cause human childhood disease diphtheria
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
35
Diagnosis of Listera sp
Antemortem - Presumptive Dx and History Histopathology - Microabscesses in the brain
36
Bovine Farcy
Cutaneous nocardiosis in cattle caused by Nocardia asteroides or mycobacteria lesions, typically associated with lymphangitis and lymphadenitis
37
External form of caseous lymphadenitis
Characterized by abscess formation in or near major peripheral lymph nodes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ More common in goats
38
Protective Factor
Component of Anthrax Toxin - cell binding factor responsible for translocation into the cell
39
The vaccine for B. anthracis must contain what components of the bacteria?
Anthrax Toxin Chromosome
40
Bacillus _________ are aerobic, non motile, large with squared ends arranged in chains.
Bacillus **anthracis** are aerobic, non motile, large with squared ends arranged in chains.
41
Causes Murine pseudotuberculosis
Corynebacterium kutscheri
42
The only symptome of per acute septicemia caused by B. anthracis in ruminants
Death
43
Cause and Disease
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Caseous lymphadenitis
44
Summer mastitis
communicable disease among pastured daily cattle during the dry period
45
Bacteria frequently associated with pyogenic infections in livestock
Actinomyces Actinobaculum Trueperella
46
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ outbreaks typically occur due to feeding poor quality soilage.
**Listera spp** outbreaks typically occur due to feeding poor quality soilage.
47
The most common way animals get exposed to B. anthracis
Exposure to endospores
48
Causes caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
49
Causes pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis
Actinomyces spp
50
Species of Corynebacterium that may harbor bacteriophage containing diptheria toxin
C. pseudotuberculosis C. ulcerans
51
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the most common presentation of Listera infection in monogastrics.
**Septicemia** is the most common presentation of Listera infection in monogastrics.
52
Bacillus anthracis
53
Treatment for Erysipelothrix spp
Penicillin Tetracycline Lincomycin Tylosin
54
Act A virulence factor of _______________ allows intracellular movement to adjacent cells through bacterially induced host actin polymerization.
Act A virulence factor of **Listeria monocytogenes** allows intracellular movement to adjacent cells through bacterially induced host actin polymerization.
55
Cause and Disease
Dermatophilus congolensis "Rain Scald"
56
Cause
Actinomyces hordeovulneris
57
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the most common presentation of Listeria infection in ruminants.
**Encephalitis** is the most common presentation of Listeria infection in ruminants.
58
McFadyean Reaction
Diagnostic tool for B. anthracis, stains the capsule as a pink shadow with polychromatic methylene blue
59
Species of Nocardia associated with abortion in horses, cattle, sheep and swine often with no other signs in the dam.
Nocardia asteroides
60
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are pleomorphic, non spore forming and non motile. They contain mesodiaminopimelic acid and short chain mycolic acid in their cell wall.
**Corynebacterium spp** are pleomorphic, non spore forming and non motile. They contain mesodiaminopimelic acid and short chain mycolic acid in their cell wall.
61
Cause and Disease
Corynebacterium kutscheri Murine pseudotuberculosis
62
Nocardia species most commonly isolated in dogs and cats.
Nocardia asteroides
63
Koch's postulates were developed using
Koch's postulates were developed using **Bacillus anthracis**
64
Bacillus _________ is an obligate mammalian pathogen.
Bacillus **anthracis** is an obligate mammalian pathogen.
65
Zoospores attacted to moist damaged skin, cause epidermal abscesses with hyperkeratosis.
Dermatophilus congolensis
66
Previous names of this bacteria were Corynebacterium, Actinomyces and Arcanobacterium pyogenes
Trueperella pyogenes
67
Vaccination available for Erysipelothrix spp for
Pigs and Turkeys
68
Causes Contagious Bovine Pyelonephritis
Corynebacterium renale group
69
Diagnosis of Dermatophilus congolensis
Microscopic examination of scabs Culture PCR
70
Bacillus ________ is a rare cause of opportunistic infections and food poisoning in mammals.
Bacillus **cereus** is a rare cause of opportunistic infections and food poisoning in mammals.
71
Rhodococcus equi causes most serious cases of pneumonia in ________ old foals.
Rhodococcus equi causes most serious cases of pneumonia in **1 to 4 month** old foals.
72
Corynebacterium bovis
73
Treatment of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
Not considered "curable" Lancing and Draining/ Surgical excision of abscesses Extra label use- Penicillin, Rifampin, Tulathromycin
74
Cause of Foal Pneumonia
Rhodococcus equi
75
Actinomyces ___________ can be transmitted to animals through fox tail grass awns to cause abscess and epicarditis (chronic)
Actinomyces **hordeovulneris** can be transmitted to animals through fox tail grass awns to cause abscess and epicarditis (chronic)
76
In horses, Corynebacterium ____________ causes ulcerative lymphangitis of lower extremities and abscesses in the pectoral region and ventral abdomen.
In horses, Corynebacterium **pseudotuberculosis** causes ulcerative lymphangitis of lower extremities and abscesses in the pectoral region and ventral abdomen
77
Diagnose Actinomyces spp by
Culture - Must request aerobic and anerobic Microscopic examination
78
Causes dematitis and hyperkeratosis in mice
Corynebacterium bovis
79
Treatment of Rhodococcus equi
Macrolide + Rifampin
80
Listeria monocytogenes Treatment
Penicillin Ceftiofur Tetracycline Erythromycin Trimethoprim/Sulfa Ampicilling + Genamicin
81
Virulence factors of Rhodococcus equi
Capsule Viruclence Associated Proteins Mycolic Acid/Techoic Acid Cholesterol Oxidase Phospholipase C
82
Synergistic hemolysin inhibition (SHI) Test
Detects antibodies to the phospholipase D exotoxin
83
Actinomyces spp
84
Erysipelothrix _________ is most frequently isolated, most common in pigs and birds.
Erysipelothrix **rhsiopathiae** is most frequently isolated, most common in pigs and birds.
85
Camp test
Cholesterol oxidase enhances hemolysis of weakly hemolytic organisms
86
Trueperella pyogenes
87
Treatment for Bacillus anthracis
Penicillin Tetracycline Doxycycline Ciprofloxacin
88
Predisposing factors that increase exposure of animals to anthrax spores
History of previous deaths Flooding Alkaline soil conditions Warm Temperature
89
What is the staining technique? What is it used for?
McFadyean Stain Bacillus anthracis
90
Disease and Cause
Caseous lymphadenitis Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
91
Cause and Disease
Corynebacterium renale group Contagious bovine pylenephritis
92
Colonies vary, but usually small, slow growing and "molar tooth like"
Actinomyces spp
93
Cause and Disease
Actinomyces bovis Lumpy Jaw
94
Diphtheria toxin is carried by a
Diphtheria toxin is carried by a **bacteriophage**
95
Nocardia
96
Diagnosis of Erysipelothrix spp
Culture PCR
97
Corynebacterium renale group consists of
C. renale C. cystiditis C. pilosum
98
Listeria _____________ is associated with disease in multiple hosts, including humans.
Listeria **monocyogenes** is associated with disease in multiple hosts, including humans.
99
Divides in two planes to give "tram track" appearance and produce coccoid fragments which become motile zoospores
Dermatophilus congolensis
100
Swine from ____________ of age and pregnant sows are most susceptible to Erysipelothrix spp.
Swine from **3m to 1y** of age and pregnant sows are most susceptible to Erysipelothrix spp.
101
Diagnosis of Nocardia
Culture Acid Fast Stain Histopathology
102
Habitat of Rhodococcus equi
Soil, however virulence is maintained in horses
103
Non-hemolytic, medusa head colonies
Bacillus anthracis
104
Lethal Factor
Component of Anthrax Toxin - induces cell death and hypoxia induced tissue injury/shock
105
Causes Pigion Fever - Colorado Strangles - Dry-Land Distemper
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
106
Treatment of Acitomyces sp infection
Penicillin G - long term and high doses Surgical excision of foreign bodies
107
What season do Listeria spp outbreaks typically occur?
Winter, Early Spring
108
Erysipelothrix spp
109
Most species of __________ recovered from animals are not considered pathogenic.
Most species of **Corynebacterium** recovered from animals are not considered pathogenic.
110
Three components of Anthrax Toxin
Edema Factor Lethal Factor Protective Factor
111
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is isolated from many species of animals and is found ubiquitously in the environment as it is capable of growing at a wide range of temperatures
**Listeria spp** is isolated from many species of animals and is found ubiquitously in the environment as it is capable of growing at a wide range of temperatures
112
Bacillus spp

RUSVM Bacteriology (21 decks)

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