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RUSVM Bacteriology > Enterobacteriaceae > Flashcards

Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Virulence factors of VTEC

A

F18 - adhesion small bowel

Exotoxin - VT2e or Stx2e

Endotoxin - acute mortality

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2
Q

Predisposing factors of E coli UTI

A

Hygiene

Water intake

Obstipation

Age

Individual differences

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3
Q

How do you prevent septicemia caused by E. coli in bones?

A

Colostrum

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4
Q

General characteristics of heat stable enterotoxins in pigs

A

Low molecular weight

Little antigenic

Withstand 15 minutes at 121C

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5
Q

Bio/serogroup of RPEC that is pathogenic to suckling rabbits

A

1+ / O109

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6
Q

Pathogenesis of septicemia causing E coli in bovines

A
  • Oral uptake
    • Lympoid tissue
    • Septicemia
  • Umbilical cord
    • Septicemia
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7
Q

F17 a and b virulence factors of ETEC in bovines are frequently associated with

A

CNF2

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8
Q

Diagnosis of EPEC

A

Isolation and PCR

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9
Q

F5 (K99) Adhesion Factor

A

Mannose resistant

Expression is temperature dependent

Only in very young animals

In pigs and bovine

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10
Q

A break in the equilibrium between maternal immunity and infection pressure causes ETEC disease in pigs, what can cause this break?

A

Increased infection pressure

Decreased maternal immunity

Appearance of a new type

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11
Q

Diagnosis of VTEC

A

Clinical signs

Pathological findings

Bacteriology - fecal sample

Demonstration of virulence factors - PCR

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12
Q

Coliform enumeration is performed to evaluate

A

Fecal/Sewage contamination

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13
Q

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) adhesion factors in the small intestine in pigs

A

F4 (K88)

F5 (K99)

F6 (987P)

F18

F41

AIDA-I - Non Fimbrial Adhesion

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14
Q

CS31A

A

Related to F4

Frequency in relation to diarrhea in older animals

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15
Q

Pathogenesis of ETEC in bovines

A
  • Oral uptake
  • Multiplication
  • Enterotoxin production
  • Secondary septicaemiae
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16
Q

Important E. coli pathotypes in pigs

A

ETEC

VTEC

EPEC

UTI

MMA

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17
Q

Enteric pathotypes of E. coli

A

ETEC - Enterotoxigenic

EHEC- Enterohemorrhagic

VTEC/STEC - Verotoxigenic/ Shig-toxin like

EPEC - Enteropathogenic

EAEC - Enteroadherent

DAEC - Diffuse Adherent

EIEC - Enteroinvasive

EAggEC - Enteroadherent Aggregative

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18
Q

Most common fimbrial virulence factor associated with ETEC in bovines

A

F5

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19
Q

Diagnosis of RPEC

A

Clinical symptoms

Isolation and subtyping

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20
Q

Pathogenesis of Neonatal colibacillosis

A
  • Contamination of egg shell
    • Upon cooling after lay - shrinking of content and entrance of E. coli
    • Yolk rest infection
      • Sepsis → death
    • Polyserositis, Airsac, Pericardia
      • Growth retardation
  • Neonatal contamination or Manipulation of chicks
    • Yolk rest infection
      • Sepsis → death
    • Polyserositis, Airsac, Pericardia
      • Growth retardation
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21
Q

Extracellular virulence factors of E. coli

A

Enterotoxins

Cytotoxins

Siderophores

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22
Q

STa enterotoxn

A

Activation of guanylate cyclase system

Na absorption

Cl and HCO3 secretion

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23
Q

Pathogenesis of ETEC in pigs

A
  • Ascending from lower bowel
  • Oral uptake
  • Small intestine
  • Colonization
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24
Q

Treatment of ETEC in pigs

A

Hydration - electrolyte solution plus glucose and amino acids

Antimicrobials

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25
Q

Septicaemiae caused by E. coli is usually (primary/secondary)

A

Secondary

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26
Q

F41 Adhesion Factor

A

Chromosomal

Mannose resistant

Frequently together with F5

Rare

Pigs and Bovines

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27
Q

Characteristics of neonatal ETEC in pigs

A

F5, F6, F41

STa STb

Non hemolytic

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28
Q

Pathogenesis of Respiratory Colibacillosis

A
  • Excretion via feces
  • Increase in infection pressure
  • Inhalation of pathogenic E. coli
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29
Q

Pathogenicity of Escherichia coli

A

Strain dependent

Facultative pathogenic

Obligate pathogenic but age dependent

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30
Q

Enteric E coli diseases that effect dogs

A

ETEC

EPEC

VTEC

EIEC

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31
Q

Benefits of Enterobacteria

A

Microbial antagonism

Breakdown and absorption of food

Waste processing

Vitamin K production

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32
Q

EPEC

A

Rare

Diarrhea at weaning

Attaching and effacing

T3SS and injection of effector proteins

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33
Q

Virulence factors of E. coli causing sep

A

Seru resitance

Iron uptake systems

Endotoxin

Capsule

Adhesion factors - P, F17, AfaE-VIII, CS31A

CNF1 CNF2 toxins

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34
Q

Treatment of RPEC of rabbits

A

Antibiotics

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35
Q

Diagnosis of ETEC of bovines

A

ELISA

Culture + Viruclence Factors - agglutination or PCR

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36
Q

Diagnosis of ETEC in pigs

A

Detection of virulence factors with agglutination tests or PCR

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37
Q

Enterobacteria are gram (positive/negative)

A

Negative

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38
Q

MMA stands for

A

Metritis - Mastitis - Agalactiae

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39
Q

Cell associated virulence factors of E. coli

A

Endotoxin

Capsule

Fimbrial Adhesions

Non-Fimbrial Adhesions

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40
Q

Characteristics of EPEC and EHEC in bovines

A

1 - 8 weeks of age

Mucoid diarrhea +/- blood

Large intestine

Treat with antibiotics

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41
Q

Forms of E coli infection in dogs and cats

A

Enteric form

Cystitis and pyometra

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42
Q

Symptoms of VTEC

A

< 3 weeks post weaning

Multiple piglets affected

Acute mortality

Diarrhea

Anorexia

Oedema

43
Q

Clinical signs of Oedema

A

Hoarse voice

Central Nervous System symptoms

Dyspnea

Swollen eyelids

44
Q

VTEC

A

Oedema Disease

Post weaning

Mixed ETEC/VTEC - Oedema disease and diarrhea

45
Q

F6 (987P) Adhesion Factor

A

Mainly extrchromosomal

Neonatal

46
Q

Epidemilogy of E. coli in pigs

A

Intestine of sows

47
Q

Vaccination for ETEC in pigs

A

Immunize sows

Inactivated vaccine - mix of different serotypes

Purified adhesion factors and LT

Two injections - second should be 2-6 weeks prior to partus

48
Q

Types of infections caused by E. coli

A

Intestinal Pathogenic

Extraintestinal Pathogenic

49
Q

PPDS stands for

A

Post Partum Dysgalactiae Syndrome

50
Q

Most important bacterial disease in broilers and layers

A

E. coli

51
Q

Prevention of VTEC

A

Reduce stress

Feed composition

Adaptation of intestinal flora

Probiotics

Organic acids

Zinc oxide

Antimicrobials

Vaccination

Selection of receptor negative animals - F18

52
Q

Prevention of ETEC in pigs

A

Keep infection pressure low, maternal immunity high

Hygiene

Vaccination

Selection of receptor free piglets (F4)

53
Q

EAST1

A

Enteroaggregative E. coli heat stable toxin

Closely related to STa

Also in EPEC, AEEC, VTEC

54
Q

Ways in which maternal immunity can be decreased to allow ETEC infection in pigs

A

MMA or first delivery of Sow

Low birth weight piglets or piglets with other infection

Too many piglets per sow

55
Q

Infectious agents that can cause MMA of PPDS

A

E coli

Klebsiella

Enterobacter

Citrobacter

56
Q

Epidemiology of VTEC

A

Sow to piglet

Weaning - stress, change in intestinal flora, maternal immunity

57
Q

Specific serotypes of E. coli that infect poultry

A

O1

O2

O78

58
Q

The vaccination for VTEC contains

A

Recombinant (non-toxic) VT2e

59
Q

Scabby Hip - Necrotic Dermatitis

A

E coli O78, O2

Frequently involves other bacteria

Difficult to diagnose

Found a slaughter

Prevent by lowering density of animals

60
Q

Heat stable enterotoxins in pigs

A

STa

STb

EAST1

61
Q

F41 virulence factor assicated with ETEC in bovines is commonly together with

A

F5

62
Q

Therapy for ETEC infected bovines showing clinical symptoms

A

Separate

Hydrate

Antibiotics

NSAIDs

63
Q

Most important pathogen in UTI in pigs

A

E. coli

64
Q

Enterotoxigenic - ETEC in pigs causes what main clinical sign

A

Watery Diarrhea

65
Q

Toxin production of VTEC

A

Hyperacute - Enterorrhagia

Acute - Permeability blood vessels oedema

Slower - intravascular coagulation

66
Q

Symptoms of ETEC of Bovines

A

Watery diarrhea - dehydration

67
Q

Environment of enterobacteria

A

Water

Soil

GI tract of humans and animals

68
Q

Important E. coli pathotypes in bovines

A

ETEC

EHEC

EPEC

Mastitis

Speticaemiae

69
Q

Septicaemia in bovines caused by E. coli

A

Occurs in neonates due to a lack of colostrum

ExPEC

Facultative pathogenic

70
Q

Bio/serogroups of RPEC that are pathogenic to weaned rabbits

A

3- / O15, 4+ / O26, 8+ / O103

2+ / O132, 2+ / O128

71
Q

ETEC disease in Bovines affects animals of what age

A

Less than 3 days old

72
Q

F18 Adhesion Factor

A

Oedema Disease

73
Q

Heat Labile Enterotoxins of E.coli characteristics in pigs

A

LT

High molecular weight

Strong antigen

Inactivated 30 minutes at 60C

Activation of adenylate cyclase

Na absorption

Cl and HCO3 secretion

74
Q

Etiology of MMA of PPDS

A

Hereditary

Hormonal

Feed

Infectious agents

75
Q

Characteristics of neonatal to 4 week old ETEC in pigs

A

F4

LT, STa, EAST1

Hemolytic

76
Q

Treatment of VTEC

A

Affected animals - fasting, antimicrobials

Not affected animals - antimicrobial treatment

77
Q

Extraintestinal Pathotypes of E. coli

A

APEC - Avian Pathogenic

NTEC - Necrotoxigenic

Mastitis Causing E. coli

MMA

UPEC - Uropathogenic

NMEC - Neonatal meningitis

78
Q

Treatment of E coli disease of poultry

A

Very difficult

Antibiotids - susceptibility testing is necessary

79
Q

Entertoxigenic - ETEC enterotoxins in pigs

A

Heat labile enterotoxins

Heat stable enterotoxins

80
Q

Diagnosis of E coli causing septicemia in bovines

A

Clinical signs

Isolation - PCR

81
Q

F4 (K88) Adhesion Factor

A

Specific receptor (breeding receptor free pigs)

Age dependent presence

Mannose resistant

Gene expressed at body temperature

Only in Pigs

82
Q

Diagnosis of E. coli UTI

A

Bacteriology - Semi-quantitative

83
Q

Symptoms of E coli UTI

A

Anorexia

Hematuria

Vaginal Exudate

General malaise

84
Q

Diagnosis of E. coli disease in poultry

A

Pathological lesions

Isolation of E. coli from different internal organs

85
Q

F17c virulence factors of ETEC in bovines is assciated with

A

CS31A

86
Q

Virulence factors of ETEC of bovines

A

F5

F41

F17 (a, b, c, d)

CS31A

87
Q

Characteristics of weaning diarrhea ETEC in pigs

A

F4, F18

LT, STa, STb, EAST1

Hemolytic

88
Q

Differential diagnosis of E. coli disease in poultry

A

Yolk rest infection

Acute sepsis

Coligranuloma

Airsacculitis

89
Q

Pathogenesis of VTEC

A
  • Excretion
  • Infection pressure increases
  • Contamination of other piglets
90
Q

Prevention of E coli disease in poultry

A

Hygiene

Stress

Temperature

Vaccine

91
Q

Important coliform bacterial species

A

E. coli

Klebsiella

Enterobacter

92
Q

Ways in which infection pressure of ETEC in pigs can be increased

A

Low hygiene

Presence of ETEC diseased piglets

93
Q

Cystitis and pyometra caused by E coli in dogs - characteristics

A

F12, F13

Serotypes O2, O4, O6 and O83

50% alpha-hemolytic

94
Q

Clinical signs of E coli disease in poultry

A

Neonatal colibacillosis

Respiratory colibacillosis and septicemia

Peritonitis

Coli granuloma

Otis media

Chronic respiratory colibaccillosis and arthritis

95
Q

Toxins associated with ETEC in bovines

A

STa and STb

96
Q

Symptoms of ETEC in pigs

A

Remain drinking

Smelly feces

Older animals - diarrhea, white grey color

97
Q

Mastitis in bovines caused by E. coli

A

No virulence factors known

Prevent with proper hygiene

Treat with systemic antibiotics

98
Q

RPEC is an E. coli disease of what species

A

Rabbits

99
Q

STb enterotoxin

A

Prostaglandin E2 → Secretion of water and electrolytes

Stimulation 5-Hydrotryptamine secretion

100
Q

AIDA-I Adhesion Factor

A

Non - Fimbrial

Adhesion invovled in diffuse adherence

101
Q

Serotype

A

Complete antigenic formula of an organism

102
Q

Treatment for E. coli causing septicemia in bovines

A

NSAID

Antibiotics

Gamma globulins

103
Q

Treatment of E coli UTI

A

Cull

Antibiotics for 3 weeks

RUSVM Bacteriology (21 decks)

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