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RUSVM Bacteriology > Enterobacteriaceae > Flashcards

Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Virulence factors of VTEC

A

F18 - adhesion small bowel

Exotoxin - VT2e or Stx2e

Endotoxin - acute mortality

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2
Q

Predisposing factors of E coli UTI

A

Hygiene

Water intake

Obstipation

Age

Individual differences

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3
Q

How do you prevent septicemia caused by E. coli in bones?

A

Colostrum

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4
Q

General characteristics of heat stable enterotoxins in pigs

A

Low molecular weight

Little antigenic

Withstand 15 minutes at 121C

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5
Q

Bio/serogroup of RPEC that is pathogenic to suckling rabbits

A

1+ / O109

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6
Q

Pathogenesis of septicemia causing E coli in bovines

A
  • Oral uptake
    • Lympoid tissue
    • Septicemia
  • Umbilical cord
    • Septicemia
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7
Q

F17 a and b virulence factors of ETEC in bovines are frequently associated with

A

CNF2

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8
Q

Diagnosis of EPEC

A

Isolation and PCR

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9
Q

F5 (K99) Adhesion Factor

A

Mannose resistant

Expression is temperature dependent

Only in very young animals

In pigs and bovine

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10
Q

A break in the equilibrium between maternal immunity and infection pressure causes ETEC disease in pigs, what can cause this break?

A

Increased infection pressure

Decreased maternal immunity

Appearance of a new type

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11
Q

Diagnosis of VTEC

A

Clinical signs

Pathological findings

Bacteriology - fecal sample

Demonstration of virulence factors - PCR

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12
Q

Coliform enumeration is performed to evaluate

A

Fecal/Sewage contamination

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13
Q

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) adhesion factors in the small intestine in pigs

A

F4 (K88)

F5 (K99)

F6 (987P)

F18

F41

AIDA-I - Non Fimbrial Adhesion

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14
Q

CS31A

A

Related to F4

Frequency in relation to diarrhea in older animals

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15
Q

Pathogenesis of ETEC in bovines

A
  • Oral uptake
  • Multiplication
  • Enterotoxin production
  • Secondary septicaemiae
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16
Q

Important E. coli pathotypes in pigs

A

ETEC

VTEC

EPEC

UTI

MMA

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17
Q

Enteric pathotypes of E. coli

A

ETEC - Enterotoxigenic

EHEC- Enterohemorrhagic

VTEC/STEC - Verotoxigenic/ Shig-toxin like

EPEC - Enteropathogenic

EAEC - Enteroadherent

DAEC - Diffuse Adherent

EIEC - Enteroinvasive

EAggEC - Enteroadherent Aggregative

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18
Q

Most common fimbrial virulence factor associated with ETEC in bovines

A

F5

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19
Q

Diagnosis of RPEC

A

Clinical symptoms

Isolation and subtyping

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20
Q

Pathogenesis of Neonatal colibacillosis

A
  • Contamination of egg shell
    • Upon cooling after lay - shrinking of content and entrance of E. coli
    • Yolk rest infection
      • Sepsis → death
    • Polyserositis, Airsac, Pericardia
      • Growth retardation
  • Neonatal contamination or Manipulation of chicks
    • Yolk rest infection
      • Sepsis → death
    • Polyserositis, Airsac, Pericardia
      • Growth retardation
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21
Q

Extracellular virulence factors of E. coli

A

Enterotoxins

Cytotoxins

Siderophores

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22
Q

STa enterotoxn

A

Activation of guanylate cyclase system

Na absorption

Cl and HCO3 secretion

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23
Q

Pathogenesis of ETEC in pigs

A
  • Ascending from lower bowel
  • Oral uptake
  • Small intestine
  • Colonization
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24
Q

Treatment of ETEC in pigs

A

Hydration - electrolyte solution plus glucose and amino acids

Antimicrobials

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25
Septicaemiae caused by E. coli is usually (primary/secondary)
Secondary
26
F41 Adhesion Factor
Chromosomal Mannose resistant Frequently together with F5 Rare Pigs and Bovines
27
Characteristics of neonatal ETEC in pigs
F5, F6, F41 STa STb Non hemolytic
28
Pathogenesis of Respiratory Colibacillosis
* Excretion via feces * Increase in infection pressure * Inhalation of pathogenic E. coli
29
Pathogenicity of Escherichia coli
Strain dependent Facultative pathogenic Obligate pathogenic but age dependent
30
Enteric E coli diseases that effect dogs
ETEC EPEC VTEC EIEC
31
Benefits of Enterobacteria
Microbial antagonism Breakdown and absorption of food Waste processing Vitamin K production
32
EPEC
Rare Diarrhea at weaning Attaching and effacing T3SS and injection of effector proteins
33
Virulence factors of E. coli causing sep
Seru resitance Iron uptake systems Endotoxin Capsule Adhesion factors - P, F17, AfaE-VIII, CS31A CNF1 CNF2 toxins
34
Treatment of RPEC of rabbits
Antibiotics
35
Diagnosis of ETEC of bovines
ELISA Culture + Viruclence Factors - agglutination or PCR
36
Diagnosis of ETEC in pigs
Detection of virulence factors with agglutination tests or PCR
37
Enterobacteria are gram (positive/negative)
Negative
38
MMA stands for
Metritis - Mastitis - Agalactiae
39
Cell associated virulence factors of E. coli
Endotoxin Capsule Fimbrial Adhesions Non-Fimbrial Adhesions
40
Characteristics of EPEC and EHEC in bovines
1 - 8 weeks of age Mucoid diarrhea +/- blood Large intestine Treat with antibiotics
41
Forms of E coli infection in dogs and cats
Enteric form Cystitis and pyometra
42
Symptoms of VTEC
\< 3 weeks post weaning Multiple piglets affected Acute mortality Diarrhea Anorexia Oedema
43
Clinical signs of Oedema
Hoarse voice Central Nervous System symptoms Dyspnea Swollen eyelids
44
VTEC
Oedema Disease Post weaning Mixed ETEC/VTEC - Oedema disease and diarrhea
45
F6 (987P) Adhesion Factor
Mainly extrchromosomal Neonatal
46
Epidemilogy of E. coli in pigs
Intestine of sows
47
Vaccination for ETEC in pigs
Immunize sows Inactivated vaccine - mix of different serotypes Purified adhesion factors and LT Two injections - second should be 2-6 weeks prior to partus
48
Types of infections caused by E. coli
Intestinal Pathogenic Extraintestinal Pathogenic
49
PPDS stands for
Post Partum Dysgalactiae Syndrome
50
Most important bacterial disease in broilers and layers
E. coli
51
Prevention of VTEC
Reduce stress Feed composition Adaptation of intestinal flora Probiotics Organic acids Zinc oxide Antimicrobials Vaccination Selection of receptor negative animals - F18
52
Prevention of ETEC in pigs
Keep infection pressure low, maternal immunity high Hygiene Vaccination Selection of receptor free piglets (F4)
53
EAST1
Enteroaggregative E. coli heat stable toxin Closely related to STa Also in EPEC, AEEC, VTEC
54
Ways in which maternal immunity can be decreased to allow ETEC infection in pigs
MMA or first delivery of Sow Low birth weight piglets or piglets with other infection Too many piglets per sow
55
Infectious agents that can cause MMA of PPDS
E coli Klebsiella Enterobacter Citrobacter
56
Epidemiology of VTEC
Sow to piglet Weaning - stress, change in intestinal flora, maternal immunity
57
Specific serotypes of E. coli that infect poultry
O1 O2 O78
58
The vaccination for VTEC contains
Recombinant (non-toxic) VT2e
59
Scabby Hip - Necrotic Dermatitis
E coli O78, O2 Frequently involves other bacteria Difficult to diagnose Found a slaughter Prevent by lowering density of animals
60
Heat stable enterotoxins in pigs
STa STb EAST1
61
F41 virulence factor assicated with ETEC in bovines is commonly together with
F5
62
Therapy for ETEC infected bovines showing clinical symptoms
Separate Hydrate Antibiotics NSAIDs
63
Most important pathogen in UTI in pigs
E. coli
64
Enterotoxigenic - ETEC in pigs causes what main clinical sign
Watery Diarrhea
65
Toxin production of VTEC
Hyperacute - Enterorrhagia Acute - Permeability blood vessels oedema Slower - intravascular coagulation
66
Symptoms of ETEC of Bovines
Watery diarrhea - dehydration
67
Environment of enterobacteria
Water Soil GI tract of humans and animals
68
Important E. coli pathotypes in bovines
ETEC EHEC EPEC Mastitis Speticaemiae
69
Septicaemia in bovines caused by E. coli
Occurs in neonates due to a lack of colostrum ExPEC Facultative pathogenic
70
Bio/serogroups of RPEC that are pathogenic to weaned rabbits
3- / O15, 4+ / O26, 8+ / O103 2+ / O132, 2+ / O128
71
ETEC disease in Bovines affects animals of what age
Less than 3 days old
72
F18 Adhesion Factor
Oedema Disease
73
Heat Labile Enterotoxins of E.coli characteristics in pigs
LT High molecular weight Strong antigen Inactivated 30 minutes at 60C Activation of adenylate cyclase Na absorption Cl and HCO3 secretion
74
Etiology of MMA of PPDS
Hereditary Hormonal Feed Infectious agents
75
Characteristics of neonatal to 4 week old ETEC in pigs
F4 LT, STa, EAST1 Hemolytic
76
Treatment of VTEC
Affected animals - fasting, antimicrobials Not affected animals - antimicrobial treatment
77
Extraintestinal Pathotypes of E. coli
APEC - Avian Pathogenic NTEC - Necrotoxigenic Mastitis Causing E. coli MMA UPEC - Uropathogenic NMEC - Neonatal meningitis
78
Treatment of E coli disease of poultry
Very difficult Antibiotids - susceptibility testing is necessary
79
Entertoxigenic - ETEC enterotoxins in pigs
Heat labile enterotoxins Heat stable enterotoxins
80
Diagnosis of E coli causing septicemia in bovines
Clinical signs Isolation - PCR
81
F4 (K88) Adhesion Factor
Specific receptor (breeding receptor free pigs) Age dependent presence Mannose resistant Gene expressed at body temperature **Only in Pigs**
82
Diagnosis of E. coli UTI
Bacteriology - Semi-quantitative
83
Symptoms of E coli UTI
Anorexia Hematuria Vaginal Exudate General malaise
84
Diagnosis of E. coli disease in poultry
Pathological lesions Isolation of E. coli from different internal organs
85
F17c virulence factors of ETEC in bovines is assciated with
CS31A
86
Virulence factors of ETEC of bovines
F5 F41 F17 (a, b, c, d) CS31A
87
Characteristics of weaning diarrhea ETEC in pigs
F4, F18 LT, STa, STb, EAST1 Hemolytic
88
Differential diagnosis of E. coli disease in poultry
Yolk rest infection Acute sepsis Coligranuloma Airsacculitis
89
Pathogenesis of VTEC
* Excretion * Infection pressure increases * Contamination of other piglets
90
Prevention of E coli disease in poultry
Hygiene Stress Temperature Vaccine
91
Important coliform bacterial species
E. coli Klebsiella Enterobacter
92
Ways in which infection pressure of ETEC in pigs can be increased
Low hygiene Presence of ETEC diseased piglets
93
Cystitis and pyometra caused by E coli in dogs - characteristics
F12, F13 Serotypes O2, O4, O6 and O83 50% alpha-hemolytic
94
Clinical signs of E coli disease in poultry
Neonatal colibacillosis Respiratory colibacillosis and septicemia Peritonitis Coli granuloma Otis media Chronic respiratory colibaccillosis and arthritis
95
Toxins associated with ETEC in bovines
STa and STb
96
Symptoms of ETEC in pigs
Remain drinking Smelly feces Older animals - diarrhea, white grey color
97
Mastitis in bovines caused by E. coli
No virulence factors known Prevent with proper hygiene Treat with systemic antibiotics
98
RPEC is an E. coli disease of what species
Rabbits
99
STb enterotoxin
Prostaglandin E2 → Secretion of water and electrolytes Stimulation 5-Hydrotryptamine secretion
100
AIDA-I Adhesion Factor
Non - Fimbrial Adhesion invovled in diffuse adherence
101
Serotype
Complete antigenic formula of an organism
102
Treatment for E. coli causing septicemia in bovines
NSAID Antibiotics Gamma globulins
103
Treatment of E coli UTI
Cull Antibiotics for 3 weeks

RUSVM Bacteriology (21 decks)

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