spinal cord - unit 5

Question 1

the cone-shaped bottom

Answer 1

conus medullaris

Question 2

the sack of nerve roots (nerves that leave the spinal cord between spaces in the bones of the spine to connect to other parts of the body) at the lower end of the spinal cord. “horses tail”

Answer 2

cauda equina

Question 3

contains sensory neuorns and interneuorns

Answer 3

dorsal horn

Question 4

motor units of somatic NS

Answer 4

ventral horn

Question 5

sensory axons

Answer 5

dorsal root

Question 6

cell bodies of sensory neurons

Answer 6

dorsal root ganglion

Question 7

axons of motor neuorns

Answer 7

ventral root

Question 8

contains motor neuorns of autonomic NS

Answer 8

lateral horn

Question 9

axons of sensory and motor neruons

Answer 9

spinal nerve

Question 10

somatic motor pathway

Answer 10

upper motor neruons extend down brain and across oppisite side of body in brain stem. then synapse with ventral horn. (stimulates sk mus contraction)

Question 11

3 neuorns in a series that make up the pathway for

Answer 11

conscious sensations

Question 12

1st order neuron for conscious sensations

Answer 12

dendrites are sensory receptors OR synapse with them. extends through dorsal root ganglion.

Question 13

2nd order neuron for conscious sensations

Answer 13

synapse with 1st order and extends up spinal cord then passes over to opposite side of body, passes through RAS then synpases in thalamus

Question 14

3rd order neuron for conscious sensations

Answer 14

cell body is in sensory area of cerebral cortex. synapses with 2nd order in thalamus.

Question 15

ct coverings of the brain and spinal cord. protects brain from trauma, absorbs CSF back into blood.

Answer 15

meninges

Question 16

tough/think outer layer of meninges that contains large blood vessels. “tough mother”

Answer 16

dura mater

Question 17

middle layer of the meninges “spider mother”

Answer 17

arachnoid mater

Question 18

deepest layer of the meninges that are stuck to the surface of the brain/spinal cord “delicate mother”

Answer 18

pia mater

Question 19

3 connective tissue coverings of nerves

Answer 19

epinerium, perinium, endoneurieum

Question 20

bundle of axons

Answer 20

nerves

Question 21

outer dense irregular CT covering nerve

Answer 21

epinerium

Question 22

dense irrecgular CT covering fassicles

Answer 22

perinium

Question 23

areolar CT covering individual axon

Answer 23

endoneurium

Question 24

nerves attached to brain. 12 pairs.

Answer 24

cranial nerves

Question 25

nerves attached to spinal cord. 31 pairs.

Answer 25

spinal nerves

Question 26

interconnected network of nerves. 4 of them.

Answer 26

nerve plexus

Question 27

detection of changes in bodys internal/external enviornment

Answer 27

sensation

Question 28

conscious sensation, activate sensory neurons in cerebral cortex

Answer 28

perception

Question 29

5 types of sensory receptors

Answer 29

mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, photoreceptors, thermoreceptors, nociceptors

Question 30

receptors activated by touch

Answer 30

mechanoreceptors

Question 31

receptors activated by chemicals

Answer 31

chemoreceptors

Question 32

receptors activated by light

Answer 32

photoreceptors

Question 33

receptors activated by pain

Answer 33

nociceptors

Question 34

receptors activated by temperature

Answer 34

thermoreceptors

Question 35

increase sensitivity of receptor caused by understimulation

Answer 35

upregulation

Question 36

decrease sensitivity of receptor caused by overstimulazation

Answer 36

down regulation

Question 37

alter sk muscle activity

Answer 37

somatic reflex

Question 38

alter heart/smooth muscle activity

Answer 38

autonomic reflex

Question 39

activity from a sudden stretch of muscle

Answer 39

stretch reflex

Question 40

tiggered by high tension in a tendon

Answer 40

golgi tendon reflex

Question 41

triggered by pain

Answer 41

crossed extensor reflex