cell biology - unit 1

Question 1

phospholipid bilayer of cholesterol and proteins which give function and strength to cell

Answer 1

plasma membrane

Question 2

tunnel/pores which allows chemicals to pass through PM

Answer 2

channels

Question 3

uses atp breakdown to force chemicals across PM

Answer 3

pump

Question 4

bind/activate by hormone/neurotransmitters to change function of cell

Answer 4

receptors

Question 5

protein that acts as a biological catalyst

Answer 5

enzyme

Question 6

bind neighboring cells

Answer 6

membrane junction proteins

Question 7

3 types of membrane junction proteins

Answer 7

tight junction, gap junction, and desmosomes

Question 8

type of junction. channels that link cytoplasm b/w cells

Answer 8

gap junction

Question 9

type of junction. forms a strong connection b/w cells which provides tissues with strength and tear-proof

Answer 9

desmosomes

Question 10

type of junction. waterproof seal b/w cells and tissues

Answer 10

tight junctions

Question 11

how chemicals cross PM

Answer 11

membrane transport

Question 12

3 types of membrane transport

Answer 12

passive, active, vesicular transport

Question 13

type of transport. diffusion of chemicals across PM

Answer 13

passive transport

Question 14

type of transport. chemicals are pumped through PM

Answer 14

active transport

Question 15

type of transport. movement across PM via vesicles.

Answer 15

vesicular transport

Question 16

diffusion where chemicals can pass between phospholipids of PM

Answer 16

simple diffusion

Question 17

diffusion where chemicals pass through protein channels in PM

Answer 17

facilitated diffusion

Question 18

diffusion of h2o. movement of low to high concentration.

Answer 18

osmosis

Question 19

solution that has a solute concentration greater than the cell’s. causes cell to shrivel.

Answer 19

hypertonic solution

Question 20

a solution that has a solute concentration less than the cells. causes cell to swell.

Answer 20

hypotonic solution

Question 21

a solution that has a solute concentration equal to the cells. causes equal movement in /out of cell.

Answer 21

isotonic solution

Question 22

two forms of vesicular transport

Answer 22

endocytosis and exocytosis

Question 23

“phagocytosis.” cell engulfs materials just outside of PM and pinches it off to form a vesicle with the material inside

Answer 23

endocytosis