chemistry - unit 1 Flashcards
A substance that is dissolved in a solution
solute
water fearing
hydrophobic
compound that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution
bases
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
mixture
a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout
heterogeneous mixture
a mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another
solution
substances that do not readily dissolve into true solutions. a cross between solution and suspension.
colloids
carbon-based molecules
organic molecules
scale with values from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution
pH scale
pH greater than 7 on pH scale
basic
Basic unit of matter
atom
protons, neutrons, electrons
3 particles of an atom
Positively charged particles
proton
neutral charge particles
neutron
negatively charged particles
electron
a molecule composed of one kind of atom that cant be broken down. Several different types are found in nature.
elements
number of ___ in an atom defines the element
protons
charged atom. has an unequal number of protons and atoms
ions
2 types of ions
cation, anion
anion
a negatively charged ion
cation
a positively charged ion
two or more atoms bonded of the same element
molecule
molecules that contain more than one element
compounds
a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
ionic bond
known for having ionic bonds
salts
a chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons
covalent bond
a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally by the two atoms
nonpolar covalent bond
a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
polar covalent bond
a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout
homogeneous mixture
in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves
solvent
a heterogeneous mixture where components are distributed evenly temporarily
suspensions
water loving
hydrophillic
non-carbon based molecules
inorganic molecules
___ molecules are abundent in living things
organic
pH less than 7 on pH scale
acid
compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution
acid
the making and breaking of chemical bonds
chemical reactions
A starting material in a chemical reaction
reactants
elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction
products