central nervous system - unit 4

Question 1

5 regions of the brain

Answer 1

ventricles, cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, brainstem

Question 2

region of brain. cavity deep in the brain. lined with ependymal cells that continuously filter blood and make new CSF

Answer 2

ventricles

Question 3

4 parts of the ventricle

Answer 3

2 lateral ventricles, 3rd+4th ventrical

Question 4

formed in ventricles by ependymal cells. clear fluid containing electrolytes, nutrients, and wastes. helps protect brain/spinal cord

Answer 4

CSF

Question 5

region of brain. large upper part of brain that represents the left and right hemispheres.

Answer 5

cerebrum

Question 6

3 ares of the cerebrum

Answer 6

cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter tracts, basal nuclei

Question 7

area of cerebrum. made of gray matter, the “superficial area,” contains the 4 lobes of brain

Answer 7

cerebral cortex

Question 8

ridges/bumps on surface

Answer 8

gyri

Question 9

groves between gyri

Answer 9

sulci

Question 10

deep groves

Answer 10

fissures

Question 11

fissure that divides left and right hemisphere

Answer 11

longitudal fissure

Question 12

fissure that divides cerebrum from cerebellum

Answer 12

transverse fissure

Question 13

3 function areas of cerebrum

Answer 13

motor areas, sensory areas, association areas

Question 14

function area of cerebrum. made of neurons wired to skeletal muscles, gives rise to conscious control.

Answer 14

motor area

Question 15

2 types of motor areas

Answer 15

primary motor are and broca’s speech area

Question 16

type of motor area in the back of the frontal lobe

Answer 16

primary motor area

Question 17

type of motor area below the primary motor area. its involved with speech

Answer 17

brocas speech area

Question 18

function area of cerebrum. gives rise to conscious sensations

Answer 18

sensory areas

Question 19

5 types of sensory areas

Answer 19

primary somatosensory, auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory cortex

Question 20

type of sensory area. in front pariatel lobe. wired to touch.

Answer 20

primary somatosensory cortex

Question 21

type of sensory area. in temporal lobe. wired to hearing.

Answer 21

primary auditory cortex

Question 22

type of sensory area. in occipital lobe. wired to vision.

Answer 22

primary visual cortex

Question 23

type of sensory area. in temporal lobe. wired to smell.

Answer 23

primary olfactory cortex

Question 24

type of sensory area. in temporal lobe. wired to taste.

Answer 24

primary gustatory cortex

Question 25

function area of cerebrum. wired to sensory area and gives rise to the interpretation sensations. there is corresponding area to each sensory area.

Answer 25

association area

Question 26

disease involving speech. condition where pt has trouble understanding language due to damage on the auditory association area.

Answer 26

fluent aphasia

Question 27

disease involving speech. condition where pt has trouble speaking language due to damage to Broca’s speech area.

Answer 27

nonfluent aphasia

Question 28

area of cerebrum. made up of thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus.

Answer 28

diencephalon

Question 29

large middle region thats shaped like a tiny brain. made of nuclei and relays conscious impulses wired to sensory areas of cerebral cortex.

Answer 29

thalamus

Question 30

behind thalamus. made of several nuclei. gives rise to emotions/hunger+thirst/body temp regulation/libido/autonomic NS control/hormone secretion

Answer 30

hypothalamus

Question 31

above+behind thalamus. gives rise to emotions, contains pineal gland (secretes melationin).

Answer 31

epithalamus

Question 32

area of cerebrum. bottom stalk of brain.

Answer 32

brain stem

Question 33

3 parts of the brain stem.

Answer 33

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongota

Question 34

part of brain stem. contains tracts/nuclei. startle reflex.

Answer 34

midbrain

Question 35

3 parts of midbrain

Answer 35

superior/inferior colliculi and substentia nigia

Question 36

nuclei ontop of midbrain that relays impulses for head/neck movement triggered by sight

Answer 36

superior colliculi

Question 37

nuclei below superior colliculi that relay impulses for head/neck movement triggered by sound

Answer 37

inferior colliculi

Question 38

dark colored nuclei in midbrain. involved in unconscious control of skeletal muscle contractions

Answer 38

substantia nigra

Question 39

part of brainstem. “middle region” mostly tracts and controls unconscious contractions involved with breathing

Answer 39

pons

Question 40

part of brain stem. “bottom region” mostly white matter, contains nuclei that control breathing, heart, gag throat reflexes (cough etc.)

Answer 40

medulla oblongata

Question 41

region of brain. lower back region. gives rise to agility.

Answer 41

cerebellum

Question 42

_____ recieves impulses from proprioceptors , then from primary motor cortex, then compares them both to determine if body movement is accurate/coordinate and sends corrective feedback as needed

Answer 42

cerebellum

Question 43

parts of brain that gives rise to emotions. includes cerebral cortex, basal nuclei, thalamus, hypo/epithalamus

Answer 43

limbic system

Question 44

string of nuclei that runs through brainstem that synapse with sensory neurons sending impulses. they can block impulses for repitative sensations

Answer 44

reticular system

Question 45

reticular system is ___ if sensations are allowed to pass. consciousness.

Answer 45

active

Question 46

reticular system is ____ if sensations arent allowed to pass. unconscious.

Answer 46

inactive

Question 47

reticular system can be drowsy, and ____ active.

Answer 47

less