specimen collection Flashcards
Never draw out the syringe without removing first the tourniquet to avoid __
hematoma
Avoid prolonged application of tourniquet to avoid __
hemoconcentration
Do not extract blood from patients while they are receiving intravenous medication because these solutions may influence the __.
chemical analysis
Blood specimens obtained must be placed in appropriate containers for each specific test. The blood specimen collected with anticoagulants must be well mixed to prevent __
coagulation
collection priorities
routine samples
asap samples
stat samples
have the highest priority and are usually ordered from the emergency department
stat tests
are usually collected early in the morning but can be collected throughout the day during scheduled “sweeps” (collection times) on the floors or from outpatients
routine samples
-means “as soon as possible.” The response time for the collection of this test sample is determined by each hospital or clinic and may vary by laboratory tests.
ASAP
sample is to be collected, analyzed, and results reported immediately.
STAT
npo (non per orem); “nothing by mouth”
fasting sample
examples of timed samples
Glucose Tolerance Tests
2-Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
Lactose Tolerance Test
what are the type of samples
fasting samples
timed samples
blood culture
composition of whole blood
Liquid portion of unclotted blood
With anticoagulant
Contains albumin, globulin and fibrinogen
The first step in learning to perform a venipuncture is knowledge of the __
needed equipment
advantage of evacuated tube system
Blood is collected directly into the evacuated tube, eliminating the need for transfer of specimens and minimizing the risk of biohazard exposure
ETS includes
Double-pointed needle
Needle holder
Color-coded evacuated tubes
refers to the diameter of the needle bore
needle gauge
Sharpened end of the needle
point
The end of the shaft that forms a flat, slanted surface
bevel
the hollow core of the needle/opening
bore/lumen
the long slender stem of the needle
shaft
where the needle is attached
hub
for 2 way needle. Where the tube is punctured
rubber sleeve
Needle Size for Veni:
1-inch and 1.5-inch lengths are used
uses a shield that the phlebotomist locks over the needle tip after completion of the venipuncture
Eclipse blood collection needle (Becton, Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ)
made of rigid plastic and may be designed to act as a safety shield for the used needle
needle holdrs
___directs that holders must be discarded with the used needle.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
NEEDLE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS
criteria
Rigid, puncture-resistant, leak-proof disposable “sharps” containers labeled BIOHAZARD that are easily sealed and locked when full.
- also known as Vacutainers and are available in glass and plastic.
evacuated tubes
Contain a premeasured amount of vacuum for blood collection
evacuated tubes
The amount of blood collected in an evacuated tube ranges from __ mL and is determined by the size of the tube and the amount of vacuum present.
1.8 to 15
The advantage of this system is that the phlebotomist is able to control the suction pressure on the vein by slowly withdrawing the syringe plunger.
syrnge
For drawing blood from patients with small or fragile veins
syringe
Routinely used for venipuncture range from 2 to 20 mL
syringe
for performing venipuncture from very small or very fragile veins often seen in children and in the geriatric population
winged blood collection set
The primary antiseptic used for cleansing the skin in routine phlebotomy is ___
70 percent isopropyl alcohol.
For collections that require additional sterility, such as blood cultures and arterial punctures, the stronger antiseptics such as___(for patients allergic to iodine) are used to cleanse the area
iodine or chlorhexidine gluconate
. __ tape should be used for persons who are allergic to adhesive bandages.
Latex-free
