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science > species and their environment > Flashcards

species and their environment Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what do animals compete for

A

food, territory and mates

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2
Q

what is adpatation

A

features or characteristics of living organisms that help them survive or suit to the environment

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3
Q

what kind of characteristics would a animal living in a warm climate have

A

thin fur, thin layer of fat, depends on the colour of the environment

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4
Q

what kind of characteristics would a animal living in a cold climate have

A

thick fur, thick layer and white fur for camouflage

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5
Q

what is the Darwin theory

A
  • survival for the fittest
  • features to adapt towards the environment will be naturally selected
  • genes will be passed down to the next generation
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6
Q

what is variation

A

difference in features and characteristics

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7
Q

what are inherited traits

A

traits that are passed down from the parents to the offsprings

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8
Q

what are some examples of inherited traits

A

eye colour, hair colour and blood type

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9
Q

what are environmental traits

A

traits that are influenced by environment

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10
Q

what are some examples of environmental traits

A

height and weight

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11
Q

how many chromosomes do you receive

A

23 chromosomes from the father and 23 chromosomes from the mother

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12
Q

what happens if you have an extra chromosome

A

you get down syndrome

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13
Q

what is a chromosome

A

coiled DNA

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14
Q

what is a DNA

A

double helix

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15
Q

what is a gene

A

one section of the DNA

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16
Q

what do the plants compete for

A

sunlight, water, space and minerals

17
Q

what is a species

A

a set of animals or plants in which the members have similar characteristics and can breed with each other.

18
Q

what is a phenotype

A

observable traits of a person

19
Q

who determines the sex of the baby

A

the father determines the sex of the baby since the mother can only provide the x chromosome while the father can provide both x and y chromosomes.

20
Q

how do you inherit characteristics

A

you inherit characteristics from your parents through genetic materials stored in the nucleus of your cell called the DNA

21
Q

what are fossils

A

the remains or traces of plant that lived many years ago

22
Q

explain why humans only have 46 chromosomes

A

egg and sperm cells each contain 23 chromosomes. They only have one copy of each chromosome. During fertilisation, the egg and sperm cells join together. When the nuclei join, their chromosomes pair up, producing an embryo with 46 chromosomes.

23
Q

what is a genotype

A

the genetic information about a person

24
Q

what is a dominant allele

A

the dominant allele determines what the offsprings will look like

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