chemistry chapter 3 atomic structure

Question 1

what is an element

Answer 1

A substance made of atoms that all contain the same number of protons and cannot be split into anything simpler

Question 2

What is a compound

Answer 2

A pure substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined

Question 3

what is a mixture

Answer 3

a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded

Question 4

what is an atom

Answer 4

The smallest particle of an element that contains electrons surrounding a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons

Question 5

what is the atom made out of

Answer 5

protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 6

what do we call protons, neutrons and electrons as

Answer 6

subatomic particles

Question 7

what is in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 7

protons and neutrons that are closely packed together in the centre of the atom. Together, they form the nucleus of an atom

Question 8

what is the relative charge of a proton

Answer 8

+1

Question 8

what is the relative mass of a proton

Answer 8

1

Question 9

what is the relative charge of an electron

Answer 9

-1

Question 10

what is the relative mass of an electron

Answer 10

1/1840

Question 11

what is the relative mass of a neutron

Answer 11

0

Question 12

what is the relative charge of a neutron

Answer 12

1

Question 13

what is a proton number

Answer 13

the proton number of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 14

what is the proton number also called

Answer 14

atomic number

Question 15

what is a nucleon number

Answer 15

the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 16

how many electrons can the first shell hold on to

Answer 16

2

Question 16

how many electrons can the second and the third shells hold on to

Answer 16

8

Question 17

what are the columns called in the periodic table

Answer 17

groups

Question 17

how do we find out the period of each element

Answer 17

the number of shells

Question 17

what are outer shell electrons

Answer 17

the outer shell of an atom refers to the shell that is the furthest away from the nucleus of the atom. The electrons in the outer shell of an atom are known as outer electrons

Question 17

how can the arrangement of the electrons be represented

Answer 17

by the electronic configuration

Question 17

what are the rows of the periodic table called

Answer 17

periods

Question 18

how do we find the out the group number of an element

Answer 18

the last number of the electronic configuration or the the number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 19

what are isotopes

Answer 19

isotopes are different atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 20

what are the properties of isotopes

Answer 20

isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons

chemical reactions involve only in the electrons not neutrons, therefore isotopes have a similar chemical properties

physical properties are affected by mass. Isotopes have a different mass therefore different physical properties

Question 21

how do we calculate the relative atomic mass of an element

Answer 21

(% of isotope A x mass of isotope A) + (% of isotope B x mass of isotope B) /100

Question 22

where does the nucleon number go when representing the proton and nucleon numbers

Answer 22

it goes on the top right as it is the same thing as a mass number, also known as the number of neutrons

Question 23

where does the proton number go when representing the proton and nucleon numbers

Answer 23

it goes on the bottom right as it is the same thing as the atomic number, also known as the number of protons