physics chapter11

Question 1

what is a wave motion

Answer 1

wave motion is made up of periodic motion or motion repeated at regular intervals

Question 2

what is an oscillation

Answer 2

one complete cycle of such motion is known as oscillation or a vibration. the source of any wave is an oscillation or a vibration

Question 3

wave motion can be described as

Answer 3

vibrations in ropes and springs

experiments using water waves

Question 4

the vibrations in ropes

Answer 4

waves travel perpendicular to the vibration of the rope

Question 5

the vibrations in springs

Answer 5

waves travel parallel to the vibration of the rope

Question 6

what are some of the features of the wave

Answer 6

Wavefront

Wavelength

Frequency

Crest (peak)

Trough

Amplitude

Wave speed

Question 7

define wave length

Answer 7

The distance from one point on the wave to the same point on the next wave

Question 8

what is a transverse wave

Answer 8

The wavelength can be measured from one peak to the next peak

Question 9

what is a longitudinal wave

Answer 9

The wavelength can be measured from the centre of one compression to the centre of the next

Question 10

define frequency

Answer 10

he number of waves passing a point in a second

Question 11

define crest

Answer 11

The highest point on a wave above the equilibrium, or rest position

Question 12

define trough

Answer 12

The lowest point on a wave below the equilibrium, or rest, position

Question 13

define amplitude

Answer 13

The distance from the undisturbed position to the peak or trough of a wave

Question 14

define wave speed

Answer 14

The distance travelled by a wave each second

Question 15

how can we calculate the wave speed

Answer 15

v = f x A

wave speed = wave frequency x wave length

Question 16

what are the two types of waves

Answer 16

• longitudinal and transverse

Question 18

describe the transverse wave

Answer 18

The energy transfer is perpendicular to the wave motion

They can move in solids, and on the surface of liquids but not in liquids or gases

They can move in a vacuum

Question 19

describe the longitudinal wave

Answer 19

The energy transfer is in the same direction as the wave motion

They can move in solids, liquids and gases

They can not move in a vacuum

Question 20

what are some examples of transverse waves

Answer 20

Electromagnetic waves

Ripples on the surface of water

Question 21

what are some examples of longitudinal waves

Answer 21

Sound waves

Question 22

all waves can undergo :

Answer 22

reflection at a plane surface

refraction due to a change of speed

diffraction through a narrow gap

Question 23

how does the reflection occur

Answer 23

A wave hits a boundary between two media at a plane surface and does not pass through, but instead stays in the original medium

Question 24

how does the refraction occur

Answer 24

A wave passes a boundary between two different transparent media and undergoes a change in speed

Question 25

when a wave refracts, what else happens

Answer 25

A change in wavelength (but frequency stays the same)

A change in direction

Question 26

what are the factors that affect diffraction

Answer 26

The extent of diffraction depends on the width of the gap compared with the wavelength of the waves Diffraction is the most prominent when the width of the slit is approximately equal to the wavelength

Question 27

how does diffraction occur

Answer 27

when a wave passes through a narrow gap, it spreads out