Specialised Cells

Question 1

How are palisade cells adapted for photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Lots of chloroplasts - often near the top so closer to light
Tall = large surface area for absorbing co2
Thin= lots can fit together

Question 2

How are red blood cells adapted to carry oxygen?

Answer 2

Concave shape gives a big surface area for absorbing oxygen
Have lots of haemoglobin (absorbs oxygen)
They have no nucleus so fits more haemoglobin

Question 3

What do guard cells do?

Answer 3

Open and close stomata

Question 4

How do guard cells work?

Answer 4

When the plant has lots of water the guard cells goes turgid which makes the stomata open so gases can be exchanged for
Photosynthesis
When the plant is short of water the guard cells become flaccid making the stomata close preventing water vapour escaping

Question 5

How are guard cells adapted?

Answer 5

They have thin outer walls and thick inner walls make the opening and closing work
They’re light sensitive and close at night so save water without losing out on photosynthesis

Question 6

How are sperm and egg cells adapted for reproduction?

Answer 6

Egg cell contains huge food reserves to feed the embryo
When sperm fuses with egg the eggs membrane instantly changed structure to prevent more sperm getting in
Sperm has Long tail and streamlined head to help swim,and lots of mitochondria to provide energy. Carry enzymes in heat to digest through the egg cell membrane