Mitosis Flashcards
How many copies of each chromosome does a body cell normally have?
Two one from the mother and one from the father
How many pairs of chromosomes are found in a human cell?
23
What does a body cell need to do when it divides?
Make new cells identical to the original cell with the same number of chromosomes
What is mitosis?
When a cell reproduces itself by splitting to form two identical Offspring
When is mitosis used?
When plants and animals want to grow or replace cells that have been damaged
What is the DNA like in a cell that is not dividing?
Spread out in a long string
What happens when a cell gets the signal to divide?
It needs to duplicate its DNA so there’s one copy for each new cell
The DNA is copied and forms x shaped chromosomes
What is each ‘arm’ of the chromosome?
An exact duplicate of the other (have the same DNA)
After duplication what do the chromosomes do?
They line up at the centre of the cell and fell fibres pull them apart, the two arms of each chromosomes go to opposite sides of the cell
What then forms around each of the chromosome sets?
Membranes
This becomes te nuclei of the two new cells
What is the final step of mitosis?
The cytoplasm divides
You now have two new cells with identical DNA
What type of reproduction uses mitosis?
Asexual
The offspring have exactly the same genes as the parent and there’s no variation
