Special Diets Flashcards
Sources of fibre
Wholegrain: Pasta, rice, bread etc.
Special diets
High fibre diet
Low fat diet
Vegetarian diet
Gluten-free diet.
Benefits of a high fibre diet
Prevents constipation
Reduces risk of bowel cancer
Helps digestion.
High and low fibre foods contain?
High fibre: 6g per 100g of food
Low fibre: Less than 0.5g per 100g of food.
Obesity
Being 20% or more over the recommended weight for height and build.
This is a major health problem in Ireland.
Causes of obesity
Overeating
Lack of exercise
Poor nutritional knowledge
Health problems associated with obesity
Coronary heart disease High blood pressure Diabetes Stroke Poor self image.
Reduction guidelines (obesity)
Exercise regularly Don't snack between meals Avoid crash diets Water, not juice or soft drinks Avoid desserts high in sugar Don't fry too often Cut fat off meat Eat high fibre foods Wholemeal.
CHD
When the arteries become clogged with cholesterol, a waxy substance, that cuts the blood flow to the heart.
Foods high in fat
Cakes
Biscuits
Cream
Chocolate.
Causes of CHD
Family history Being overweight Stress Smking/alcohol Lack of exercise.
Vegetarian diet.
Don’t eat meat
2 main types of vegetarian
Vegan
Lactovegetarian.
Vegan
Strictest type.
Eat no animal produce or animals. Eg: Eggs, milk.
Lactovegetarian
Doesn’t eat red meat, fish, or poultry ❌
Eats dairy and eggs ✅
Reasons people are vegetarians
Moral reasons Religion eg: Hinduism It's a healthier option It's cheaper It's 'the trend' Peer pressure.
Vegetarian meal guidelines
Use veg stock cubes Choose whole cereals TVP (textured veg. protein) Quorn Fortified soya milk for calcium Pulses and nuts for protein Balanced menus
Important vegetarian foods
Tofu (A soya protein product)
TVP (Made from soya beans)
Quorn (made from fungi. Better texture than TVP.) Meat substitute.
Diabetes
2 types.
Type 1 diabetes
Insulin dependent.
Insulin is NOT produced in the body.
Use injection or pump to get insulin.
Type 2 diabetes
Non- insulin dependent.
Insulin IS produced but isn’t working.
Controlled by following a healthy diet.
