Sparkling wine Flashcards
How many AOP for crémant wines in France?
7: Crémant d’Alsace, Crémant de Loire, Crémant de Bourgogne, Crémant du Jura, Crémant de Die, Crémant de Limoux, Crémant de Savoie, Crémant de Bordeaux
What’s the yield limite for Crémant in France?
100L from 150kg or 2666L from 4000kg
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Bourgogne? Mini pressure?
1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Aligote, Melon de Bourgogne, Sacy, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Gamay
Assemblage: min. 30% combined Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Noir
Max. 20% Gamay
2) Mini. 4 atmospheres
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Loire? Mini pressure?
1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois(white), Cab F, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cab S, Pineau d’Aunis
Assemblage: Max. 30% combined Cab S and Pineau d’Aunis
2) 4 atmospheres
Which Cremant of France has (higher) 4 atmospheres?
Cremant de Loire, Cremant de Bourgogne, Cremant d’Alsace
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Limoux? Mini pressure?
1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: max. 90% combined Chardonnay (min 50%) and Chenin Blanc (10-40%); plus max. 20% combined Mauzac and Pinot Noir (max 15%)
2) Min. 3.5 atmospheres
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant du Jura? Mini pressure? RS? Department?
1) Blanc and Rosé
2) Encepagement: Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Poulsard, Trousseau, Chardonnay, Savagnin
Blanc Assemblage: min. 70% combined Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and/or Trousseau
Rosé Assemblage: min. 50% combined Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Trousseau, and/or Poulsard
3) 3.5 atmospheres
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Die? Mini pressure? RS? Department?
1) Blanc only
2) Encepagement: min. 55% Clairette, min. 10% Aligote, 5-10% Muscat Blanc a Petites Grains
3) 3.5 atmospheres
4) Max. 15g/l
5) Drôme
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Savoie? Mini pressure? RS? Department?
1) Blanc only
2) Principal varieties: Jacquère, Altesse, Aligote, Chardonnay, Mondeuse Blanche, Gamay, Mondeuse, Pinot Noir (for Haute-Savoie only)
Assemblage: min. 40% Jacquère; additional 20% must be Jacquère, Altesse; max. 20% combined red varieties
3) 3.5 atmospheres
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant d’Alsace? Mini pressure? RS? Department?
1) Blanc and Rosé
2) Blanc: Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Auxerrois, and/or Chardonnay
Rose: 100% Pinot Noir
3) 4 atmospheres
4) Haut Rhine et Bas Rhine
Which AOC’s of Cremant produce only Blanc?
Cremant de Savoie, Cremant de Die
Which are the grape varieties for Vouvray mousseaux? Producing method?
Blanc only: min. 95% Chenin Blanc plus a max. 5% Orbois
Traditional method
Which Sparkling AOC made from 100% Chenin Blanc?
Montlouis-sur-Loire
Which are the grape varieties for Montlouis-sur-Loire mousseaux ? What’s the requirement for dosage? Method?
100% Chenin Blanc
No dosage is permitted
Traditional method
What’s the winemaking method for Blanquette de Limoux?
Traditional method
Which are the grape varieties for Saumur mousseaux ? Method?
1) Blanc/Rosé permitted grapes: Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cab F, Sauvignon, Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pineau d’Aunis, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris
Assemblage blanc: min. 60% Chenin Blanc, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
Assemblage rose: min. 60% Cab F, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
2) Traditional method
Which are the grape varieties for Seyssel mousseaux ? Method? Region?
Blanc only: Molette, Altesse, Chasselas
Assemblage: min. 75% Molette and min. 10% Altesse
Traditional Method
In Savoie
What are the grape varieties for Limoux Méthode Ancestrale and Blanquette de Limoux? Min. Alcohol content? Min pressure?
Limoux Méthode Ancestrale: 100% Mauzac; 10%abv; min. 3 atmospheres
Blanquette de Limoux: min. 90% Mauzac + Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc; 9.5% abv; min. 3.5 atmospheres
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Bordeaux? Mini pressure?
1) Blanc: Cab F, Cab S, Merlot, Cot, Petit Verdot, Carmenere, Muscadelle, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris所有红白波尔多品种
Rosé: Cab F, Cab S, Merlot, Cot, PV, Carmenère 所有波尔多红品种
2) 3.5 atmospheres
Apart from Crémant, name 6 AOPs that produce traditional method sparkling wines in France? Which produce both blanc and rose?
Vouvray, Montlouis-sur-Loire, Saumur, Seyssel in Savoie, Blanquette de Limoux
Saumur Mousseux, Gaillac Mousseux,
Bugey Vin Mousseux Blanc and Rose: traditional method
Bugey Montagnieu Vine Mousseux Blanc: traditional method
What’s lightly sparkling wines called in France?
pétillant
What does mousseux mean?
Fully sparkling wines
Name DOCGs producing traditional method sparkling wines in Italy?
1) Franciacorta,
2) Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
3) Asti/Asti DOCG Spumante “Metodo Classico” aged on lees 9months
4) Alta Langa DOCG (Mini 90% Pinot Nero and/or Chardonnay, Bianco or Rosato)
5) Gavi DOCG Bianco Spumante Metodo Classico Riserva
6) Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG (in Piemonte, Erbaluce grape)
Which types of wine can be produced from Gavi DOCG? From which grape?
1) Bianco
Bianco Riserva
Bianco Frizzante
Bianco Spumante
Bianco Spumante Metodo Classico Riserva
100% Cortese.
Which denominations can produce sparkling wines in Piemonte?
Asti DOCG: four types (Asti, metodo classico, moscato d’asti, ventimmia tardiva)
Canelli DOCG: moscato d’asti only
Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG
Barbera del Monferrato DOC: Rosso Frizzante
Nebbiolo d’Alba: Spumante Rosso and Spumante Rosato
Roero DOCG: Arneis Spumante
Alta Langa DOCG: traditional method sparkling
Gavi DOCG (Frizzante, Spumante, Metodo Classico Riserva)
Colli Tortonesi DOC Cortese Frizzante/Cortese Spumante
Colli Tortonesi DOC Terre di Libarna Bianco Spumante (Timorasso)
Canavese DOC Bianco Spumante or Rosato Spumante
Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG Spumante (traditional method mini 15mths on lees)
Where is Erbaluce di Caluso? DOC or DOCG? Types of wine and grapes?
Northern Piemonte, DOCG;
White grape only 100% Erbaluce,
Produces: Bianco, Spumante (traditional method mini 15mths on lees), Passito and Passito Riserva.
What’s the method to produce Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG spumante? Ageing? RS?
Traditional method, mini 15months on lees.
No more than 12g/l, dry.
What’s the ageing requirements for Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG Passito and Riserva?
Passito: 36 mths
Passito Riserva: 48 mths
Which types of wine can be produced under Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG?
Still white dry, passito, sparkling
Which appellation is the first DOC for Piemonte’s white wine? When was it elevated to DOCG?
Erbaluce di Caluso DOC in 1967; DOCG in 2010.
Which river is on the north of Oltrepò Pavese?
Po River
Which is the largest viticultural area in Lombardia? How many DOCs and DOCGs are there is this area?
Oltrepò Pavese; 6 DOCs and 1 DOCG.
Where is Pavia province?
In southwest of Lombardia, between Piemonte and Emilia-Romagna.
Who firstly planted Pinot Nero in Oltrepò Pavese and made the area’s first traditional method sparkling Pinot Noir?
Count Giorgi di Vistarino伯爵
What’s the main grape variety for Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG? %? Where are these grapes grown?
Pinot Nero, mini 70%; Pinot Nero is typically planted at the higher altitudes in the hills.
Oltrepò Pavese is in which province?
Pavia, southwest of Lombardia
What’s Cruasé?
It’s a brand trademarked注册的商标by the Consorzio Tutela保护Vini Oltrepò Pavese that can be used by the association members for traditional method sparkling rosé with a mini of 85% Pinot Nero.
Which wine types can be produced in Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG? grape varieties? Alcohol content?
1) Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Rosé
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero Rosé
2) Metodo Classico/Classico Rose: mini 70% Pinot Nero + max 30% Chardonnay,Pinot Grigio and Pinot Bianco; 11.5% abv.
Metodo Classico Pinot Nero/Classico Pinot Nero Rose: mini 85% Pinot Nero + max 15% Chardonnay, Pinot Griogio and Pinot Bianco; 12% abv.
What’s the brand called which was trademarked by Consorzio Tutela Vini Oltrepo Pavese for traditional method rose sparkling wines with mini 85% Pinot Nero?
Cruasé
What are the ageing requirements for Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG?
NV: mini 15months on lees from Jan 1 of the year following the harvest
Millesimato: mini 24months on lees.
Which varital wine can be made Passito and Licoroso style in Oltrepò Pavese DOC?
Moscato
Name the five DOCs established in 2010 as independent denominations from Oltrepò Pavese?
Oltrepò Pavese Pinot Grigio DOC (min. 85%)
Oltrepò Pavese Pinot Nero DOC (min. 95%)
Oltrepò Pavese Croatina(Bonarda) DOC (min. 85%)
Oltrepò Pavese Buttafuoco/Buttafuoco dell’Oltrepò Pavese DOC: rosso/ rosso frizzante from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara.
Oltrepò Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC: Dolce Rosso or Frizzante from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara.
What’s the wine style of Oltrepo Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC?
Sweet wine: Rosso Dolce, Rosso Frizzante, or Spumante.
What’s the mini RS of Oltrepo Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC?
Min. 80g/l
Name the Lambrusco designation in Lombardy?
Lambrusco Mantovano
What’s the synonym of Bonarda in Italy?
Croatina
Where is Lambrusco Mantovano? DOC or DOCG? Which type of wine is produced? Grapes?
Southeast corner of Lombardy (just over the border of Emilia-Romagna), DOC.
Sparkling red wines, from combined min. 85% Lambrusco Viadanese/ Lambrusco Maestri/ Lambrusco Marani/ Lambrusco Salamino.
Name the two subzones of Lambrusco Mantovano DOC?
Oltrepò Mantovano and Viadanese-Sabbionetano
What’s the synomym of Lambrusco Viadanese?
Lambrusco Mantovano (originate in the province of Mantova), or Grappello Ruberti.
Name the Spumante Denomination using Durella grape? Winemaking method? Ageing?
1) Lessini Durello DOC in Veneto;
2) Can be both tank method or traditional method, but if labeled Riserva has to be tradtional method.
3) Riserva: mini 36months on lees.
Which is the most common winemaking method for Prosecco?
Metodo Martinotti = Charmat method
Who made the earliest sparkling Prosecco wine? When was it?
Antonio Carpenè in 1873
Who established Italy’s first enology school? Where and when?
Antonio Carpenè in Conegliano, in 1876.
What are the RS levels for dosage of Prosecco DOC?
Brut Nature (no dosage),
Extra Brut (0-6 g/l),
Brut (max. 12 g/l),
Extra Dry (12-17 g/l),
Dry (17-32 g/l),
Demisec (32-50 g/l)
What are the grape varieties of Prosecco DOC?
Mini. 85% Glera,
Remaining 15% can be Verdiso, Bianchetta Trevigiana, Chardonnay, Perera, Glera Lunga,
Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, and/or Pinot Nero.
Which New category of Prosecco was created in 2020 and helped Prosecco cement its domination it the world of sparkling wines占统治地位?
Rosé Prosecco
If a Prosecco labeled “sui lieviti” or “col fondo”, what’s the wine style?
It’s similar to a Pet-Nat, in which the lees remain in the bottle without riddling or disgorgement, producing a rustic, cloudy, more autolytic自溶style of Prosecco.
Prior to 2020, if a pink sparkling wines produced in Prosecco, which term can was labeled?
Vino Spumante, can not name Prosecco.
What’s the sweetness levels of Prosecco? What’s the most common RS categories?
From Brut Nature to demi-sec;
Most common: extra dry and dry.
What’s the Italian term for “on yeasts”? with the bottom?
Sui lieviti;
Col fondo
When was Rosé Prosecco created ? How is it made? What are the requirements?
1) In 2020;
2) Must be spumante and contain 10%-15% Pinot Nero, vinified as a red wine and added to the base of a minimum of 85% Glera.
3) All Rose Prosecco must be vintage-dated, sweetness levels can range from Brut Nature to Extra Dry.
Which denomination of Prosecco allows to make rosé Prosecco?
Only the basic Prosecco DOC
What’s the grape of Asolo Prosecco DOCG? Types?
Mini 85% Glera (Prosecco);
Bianco tranquillo, Bianco Frizzante, Spumante Bianco Superiore, Spumante Superiore Sui Lieviti.
Name the two official subzones of Prosecco DOC?
Trieste (eastern most), Treviso (central Prosecco)
What’s the grape of Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG? Types?
Mini 85% Glera;
Tranquillo, Frizzante, Spumante Superiore, Spumante Superiore Sui Lieviti,
Spumante Superiore +Rive, Superiore di Cartizze.
Name the two DOCGs of Prosecco in Treviso province?
Asolo Prosecco DOCG, Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
Which is the most important denomination for quality Prosecco?
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
Where is Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG producing area?
It surrounds the towns of Valdobbiadene in the west + Conegliano in the east
Which river bounded Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?
Piave River (southwest of the appellation)
Which is the second largest DOCG in Italy?
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG (just behind Chianti DOCG)
What’s the terroirs and wine styles’ differences between Valdobbiadene and Conegliano?
*Valdobbiadene: western side, it’s cooler and steeper at higher altitudes, soils are marls and conglomerates泥灰岩和砾岩with excellent drainage;
wines are more floral and perfumed;
*Conegliano: eastern side, warmer and lower, soils are morainic冰碛or clay,
wines are fuller bodied and spicier.
How many “rive” are there within Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?
43 rive
Which type of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG can label a rive ?
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG Supmante Superiore + rive
Can Sui Lieviti style be labeled rive?
NO
What’s a “Rive” in Conegliano Valdobbiadene?
It refers to hillside vineyards or riverbank slopes
What are the requirements for Rive designation?
1) Must be hand-harvested
2) Must be vintage-dated
3) Lower maximum yields of 13 tons/L (normal DOCG is 13.5tons/L)
4) Higher mini. Alcohol 11.5% abv (normal DOCG 10.5% abv)
5) On the slopes which are the steepest and most labor intensive (requiring 700 hours of work per hectare, normal is 120hours for flatter vineyard).
Name 5 most regarded Rive of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?
Col San Martino, Colbertaldo di Vidor, Farra di Soligo, Ogliano, Pieve di Soligo, Soligo.
Which is the most exceptional site of Prosecco?
Cartizze
Name the 3 subzones of Cartizze?
Cartizze Alto: highest and steepest vineyard, at 230-320m 冷空气下沉 warmer than lower part, riper but with high acidity due to the diurnal shift昼夜变化.
Cartizze Est
Cartizze Ovest: 180-230m
What’s the terroir of Cartizze?
1) The slope is extremely steep, average gradation is 35% and the steepest areas is 60%.
2) Facing directly south
3) Harvest 2 weeks later to obtain the highest ripeness and sugar
Of all 2020 Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, how many % was Superiore di Cartizze? And how many % for Rive?
1.4% for Superiore di Cartizze; 2.6% for Rive.
What are the sweetness levels of Cartizze?
Usually is dry, with 17-32g/l of RS per liter.
Which producer made the first Trentino traditional method sparkling wine? When?
Giulio Ferrari; in 1902.
Which producer has the largest share of Cartizze vineyards? Name 4 other key producers?
Bisol has the largest;
Adami, Col Vetoraz, Le Colture, Villa Sandi.
What are the maximum yields of normal Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, Rive, and Superiore di Cartizze?
13.5 tons/ha; 13tons/ha; 12tons/ha
What are the mini. Alcohol content of normal Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, Rive, and Superiore di Cartizze?
10.5%abv, 11.5% abv, 11.5% abv.
Which is Piemonte’s largest denomination for Sparkling wine in total production volume?
Asti DOCG
Which 4 DOCs in Emilia-Romagna allow for Lambrusco styles but without “Lambrusco” in the name?
From west to east:
Colli di Parma DOC,
Colli di Scandiano e di Canossa DOC,
Reggiano DOC,
Modena DOC