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Sparkling wine Flashcards

1
Q

How many AOP for crémant wines in France?

A

7: Crémant d’Alsace, Crémant de Loire, Crémant de Bourgogne, Crémant du Jura, Crémant de Die, Crémant de Limoux, Crémant de Savoie, Crémant de Bordeaux

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2
Q

What’s the yield limite for Crémant in France?

A

100L from 150kg or 2666L from 4000kg

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3
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Bourgogne? Mini pressure?

A

1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Aligote, Melon de Bourgogne, Sacy, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Gamay
Assemblage: min. 30% combined Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Noir
Max. 20% Gamay
2) Mini. 4 atmospheres

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4
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Loire? Mini pressure?

A

1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois(white), Cab F, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cab S, Pineau d’Aunis
Assemblage: Max. 30% combined Cab S and Pineau d’Aunis
2) 4 atmospheres

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5
Q

Which Cremant of France has (higher) 4 atmospheres?

A

Cremant de Loire, Cremant de Bourgogne, Cremant d’Alsace

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6
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Limoux? Mini pressure?

A

1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: max. 90% combined Chardonnay (min 50%) and Chenin Blanc (10-40%); plus max. 20% combined Mauzac and Pinot Noir (max 15%)
2) Min. 3.5 atmospheres

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7
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Crémant du Jura? Mini pressure? RS? Department?

A

1) Blanc and Rosé
2) Encepagement: Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Poulsard, Trousseau, Chardonnay, Savagnin
Blanc Assemblage: min. 70% combined Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and/or Trousseau
Rosé Assemblage: min. 50% combined Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Trousseau, and/or Poulsard
3) 3.5 atmospheres

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7
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Die? Mini pressure? RS? Department?

A

1) Blanc only
2) Encepagement: min. 55% Clairette, min. 10% Aligote, 5-10% Muscat Blanc a Petites Grains
3) 3.5 atmospheres
4) Max. 15g/l
5) Drôme

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8
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Savoie? Mini pressure? RS? Department?

A

1) Blanc only
2) Principal varieties: Jacquère, Altesse, Aligote, Chardonnay, Mondeuse Blanche, Gamay, Mondeuse, Pinot Noir (for Haute-Savoie only)
Assemblage: min. 40% Jacquère; additional 20% must be Jacquère, Altesse; max. 20% combined red varieties
3) 3.5 atmospheres

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8
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Crémant d’Alsace? Mini pressure? RS? Department?

A

1) Blanc and Rosé
2) Blanc: Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Auxerrois, and/or Chardonnay
Rose: 100% Pinot Noir
3) 4 atmospheres
4) Haut Rhine et Bas Rhine

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9
Q

Which AOC’s of Cremant produce only Blanc?

A

Cremant de Savoie, Cremant de Die

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10
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Vouvray mousseaux? Producing method?

A

Blanc only: min. 95% Chenin Blanc plus a max. 5% Orbois
Traditional method

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11
Q

Which Sparkling AOC made from 100% Chenin Blanc?

A

Montlouis-sur-Loire

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11
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Montlouis-sur-Loire mousseaux ? What’s the requirement for dosage? Method?

A

100% Chenin Blanc
No dosage is permitted
Traditional method

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12
Q

What’s the winemaking method for Blanquette de Limoux?

A

Traditional method

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12
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Saumur mousseaux ? Method?

A

1) Blanc/Rosé permitted grapes: Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cab F, Sauvignon, Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pineau d’Aunis, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris
Assemblage blanc: min. 60% Chenin Blanc, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
Assemblage rose: min. 60% Cab F, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
2) Traditional method

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13
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Seyssel mousseaux ? Method? Region?

A

Blanc only: Molette, Altesse, Chasselas
Assemblage: min. 75% Molette and min. 10% Altesse
Traditional Method
In Savoie

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14
Q

What are the grape varieties for Limoux Méthode Ancestrale and Blanquette de Limoux? Min. Alcohol content? Min pressure?

A

Limoux Méthode Ancestrale: 100% Mauzac; 10%abv; min. 3 atmospheres
Blanquette de Limoux: min. 90% Mauzac + Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc; 9.5% abv; min. 3.5 atmospheres

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15
Q

Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Bordeaux? Mini pressure?

A

1) Blanc: Cab F, Cab S, Merlot, Cot, Petit Verdot, Carmenere, Muscadelle, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris所有红白波尔多品种
Rosé: Cab F, Cab S, Merlot, Cot, PV, Carmenère 所有波尔多红品种
2) 3.5 atmospheres

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16
Q

Apart from Crémant, name 6 AOPs that produce traditional method sparkling wines in France? Which produce both blanc and rose?

A

Vouvray, Montlouis-sur-Loire, Saumur, Seyssel in Savoie, Blanquette de Limoux
Saumur Mousseux, Gaillac Mousseux,
Bugey Vin Mousseux Blanc and Rose: traditional method
Bugey Montagnieu Vine Mousseux Blanc: traditional method

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17
Q

What’s lightly sparkling wines called in France?

A

pétillant

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18
Q

What does mousseux mean?

A

Fully sparkling wines

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19
Q

Name DOCGs producing traditional method sparkling wines in Italy?

A

1) Franciacorta,
2) Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
3) Asti/Asti DOCG Spumante “Metodo Classico” aged on lees 9months
4) Alta Langa DOCG (Mini 90% Pinot Nero and/or Chardonnay, Bianco or Rosato)
5) Gavi DOCG Bianco Spumante Metodo Classico Riserva
6) Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG (in Piemonte, Erbaluce grape)

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20
Q

Which types of wine can be produced from Gavi DOCG? From which grape?

A

1) Bianco
Bianco Riserva
Bianco Frizzante
Bianco Spumante
Bianco Spumante Metodo Classico Riserva
100% Cortese.

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21
Q

Which denominations can produce sparkling wines in Piemonte?

A

Asti DOCG: four types (Asti, metodo classico, moscato d’asti, ventimmia tardiva)
Canelli DOCG: moscato d’asti only
Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG
Barbera del Monferrato DOC: Rosso Frizzante
Nebbiolo d’Alba: Spumante Rosso and Spumante Rosato
Roero DOCG: Arneis Spumante
Alta Langa DOCG: traditional method sparkling
Gavi DOCG (Frizzante, Spumante, Metodo Classico Riserva)
Colli Tortonesi DOC Cortese Frizzante/Cortese Spumante
Colli Tortonesi DOC Terre di Libarna Bianco Spumante (Timorasso)
Canavese DOC Bianco Spumante or Rosato Spumante
Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG Spumante (traditional method mini 15mths on lees)

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22
Q

Where is Erbaluce di Caluso? DOC or DOCG? Types of wine and grapes?

A

Northern Piemonte, DOCG;
White grape only 100% Erbaluce,
Produces: Bianco, Spumante (traditional method mini 15mths on lees), Passito and Passito Riserva.

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23
Q

What’s the method to produce Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG spumante? Ageing? RS?

A

Traditional method, mini 15months on lees.
No more than 12g/l, dry.

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24
Q

What’s the ageing requirements for Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG Passito and Riserva?

A

Passito: 36 mths
Passito Riserva: 48 mths

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25
Q

Which types of wine can be produced under Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG?

A

Still white dry, passito, sparkling

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26
Q

Which appellation is the first DOC for Piemonte’s white wine? When was it elevated to DOCG?

A

Erbaluce di Caluso DOC in 1967; DOCG in 2010.

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27
Q

Which river is on the north of Oltrepò Pavese?

A

Po River

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27
Q

Which is the largest viticultural area in Lombardia? How many DOCs and DOCGs are there is this area?

A

Oltrepò Pavese; 6 DOCs and 1 DOCG.

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28
Q

Where is Pavia province?

A

In southwest of Lombardia, between Piemonte and Emilia-Romagna.

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29
Q

Who firstly planted Pinot Nero in Oltrepò Pavese and made the area’s first traditional method sparkling Pinot Noir?

A

Count Giorgi di Vistarino伯爵

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30
Q

What’s the main grape variety for Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG? %? Where are these grapes grown?

A

Pinot Nero, mini 70%; Pinot Nero is typically planted at the higher altitudes in the hills.

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31
Q

Oltrepò Pavese is in which province?

A

Pavia, southwest of Lombardia

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32
Q

What’s Cruasé?

A

It’s a brand trademarked注册的商标by the Consorzio Tutela保护Vini Oltrepò Pavese that can be used by the association members for traditional method sparkling rosé with a mini of 85% Pinot Nero.

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33
Q

Which wine types can be produced in Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG? grape varieties? Alcohol content?

A

1) Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Rosé
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero Rosé
2) Metodo Classico/Classico Rose: mini 70% Pinot Nero + max 30% Chardonnay,Pinot Grigio and Pinot Bianco; 11.5% abv.
Metodo Classico Pinot Nero/Classico Pinot Nero Rose: mini 85% Pinot Nero + max 15% Chardonnay, Pinot Griogio and Pinot Bianco; 12% abv.

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34
Q

What’s the brand called which was trademarked by Consorzio Tutela Vini Oltrepo Pavese for traditional method rose sparkling wines with mini 85% Pinot Nero?

A

Cruasé

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35
Q

What are the ageing requirements for Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG?

A

NV: mini 15months on lees from Jan 1 of the year following the harvest
Millesimato: mini 24months on lees.

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36
Q

Which varital wine can be made Passito and Licoroso style in Oltrepò Pavese DOC?

A

Moscato

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37
Q

Name the five DOCs established in 2010 as independent denominations from Oltrepò Pavese?

A

Oltrepò Pavese Pinot Grigio DOC (min. 85%)
Oltrepò Pavese Pinot Nero DOC (min. 95%)
Oltrepò Pavese Croatina(Bonarda) DOC (min. 85%)
Oltrepò Pavese Buttafuoco/Buttafuoco dell’Oltrepò Pavese DOC: rosso/ rosso frizzante from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara.
Oltrepò Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC: Dolce Rosso or Frizzante from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara.

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38
Q

What’s the wine style of Oltrepo Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC?

A

Sweet wine: Rosso Dolce, Rosso Frizzante, or Spumante.

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39
Q

What’s the mini RS of Oltrepo Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC?

A

Min. 80g/l

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40
Q

Name the Lambrusco designation in Lombardy?

A

Lambrusco Mantovano

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40
Q

What’s the synonym of Bonarda in Italy?

A

Croatina

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41
Q

Where is Lambrusco Mantovano? DOC or DOCG? Which type of wine is produced? Grapes?

A

Southeast corner of Lombardy (just over the border of Emilia-Romagna), DOC.
Sparkling red wines, from combined min. 85% Lambrusco Viadanese/ Lambrusco Maestri/ Lambrusco Marani/ Lambrusco Salamino.

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42
Q

Name the two subzones of Lambrusco Mantovano DOC?

A

Oltrepò Mantovano and Viadanese-Sabbionetano

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42
Q

What’s the synomym of Lambrusco Viadanese?

A

Lambrusco Mantovano (originate in the province of Mantova), or Grappello Ruberti.

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43
Q

Name the Spumante Denomination using Durella grape? Winemaking method? Ageing?

A

1) Lessini Durello DOC in Veneto;
2) Can be both tank method or traditional method, but if labeled Riserva has to be tradtional method.
3) Riserva: mini 36months on lees.

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44
Q

Which is the most common winemaking method for Prosecco?

A

Metodo Martinotti = Charmat method

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45
Q

Who made the earliest sparkling Prosecco wine? When was it?

A

Antonio Carpenè in 1873

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46
Q

Who established Italy’s first enology school? Where and when?

A

Antonio Carpenè in Conegliano, in 1876.

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47
Q

What are the RS levels for dosage of Prosecco DOC?

A

Brut Nature (no dosage),
Extra Brut (0-6 g/l),
Brut (max. 12 g/l),
Extra Dry (12-17 g/l),
Dry (17-32 g/l),
Demisec (32-50 g/l)

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48
Q

What are the grape varieties of Prosecco DOC?

A

Mini. 85% Glera,
Remaining 15% can be Verdiso, Bianchetta Trevigiana, Chardonnay, Perera, Glera Lunga,
Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, and/or Pinot Nero.

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49
Q

Which New category of Prosecco was created in 2020 and helped Prosecco cement its domination it the world of sparkling wines占统治地位?

A

Rosé Prosecco

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49
Q

If a Prosecco labeled “sui lieviti” or “col fondo”, what’s the wine style?

A

It’s similar to a Pet-Nat, in which the lees remain in the bottle without riddling or disgorgement, producing a rustic, cloudy, more autolytic自溶style of Prosecco.

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50
Q

Prior to 2020, if a pink sparkling wines produced in Prosecco, which term can was labeled?

A

Vino Spumante, can not name Prosecco.

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50
Q

What’s the sweetness levels of Prosecco? What’s the most common RS categories?

A

From Brut Nature to demi-sec;
Most common: extra dry and dry.

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51
Q

What’s the Italian term for “on yeasts”? with the bottom?

A

Sui lieviti;
Col fondo

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52
Q

When was Rosé Prosecco created ? How is it made? What are the requirements?

A

1) In 2020;
2) Must be spumante and contain 10%-15% Pinot Nero, vinified as a red wine and added to the base of a minimum of 85% Glera.
3) All Rose Prosecco must be vintage-dated, sweetness levels can range from Brut Nature to Extra Dry.

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53
Q

Which denomination of Prosecco allows to make rosé Prosecco?

A

Only the basic Prosecco DOC

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54
Q

What’s the grape of Asolo Prosecco DOCG? Types?

A

Mini 85% Glera (Prosecco);
Bianco tranquillo, Bianco Frizzante, Spumante Bianco Superiore, Spumante Superiore Sui Lieviti.

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54
Q

Name the two official subzones of Prosecco DOC?

A

Trieste (eastern most), Treviso (central Prosecco)

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55
Q

What’s the grape of Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG? Types?

A

Mini 85% Glera;
Tranquillo, Frizzante, Spumante Superiore, Spumante Superiore Sui Lieviti,
Spumante Superiore +Rive, Superiore di Cartizze.

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56
Q

Name the two DOCGs of Prosecco in Treviso province?

A

Asolo Prosecco DOCG, Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG

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57
Q

Which is the most important denomination for quality Prosecco?

A

Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG

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58
Q

Where is Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG producing area?

A

It surrounds the towns of Valdobbiadene in the west + Conegliano in the east

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59
Q

Which river bounded Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?

A

Piave River (southwest of the appellation)

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60
Q

Which is the second largest DOCG in Italy?

A

Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG (just behind Chianti DOCG)

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61
Q

What’s the terroirs and wine styles’ differences between Valdobbiadene and Conegliano?

A

*Valdobbiadene: western side, it’s cooler and steeper at higher altitudes, soils are marls and conglomerates泥灰岩和砾岩with excellent drainage;
wines are more floral and perfumed;
*Conegliano: eastern side, warmer and lower, soils are morainic冰碛or clay,
wines are fuller bodied and spicier.

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62
Q

How many “rive” are there within Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?

A

43 rive

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63
Q

Which type of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG can label a rive ?

A

Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG Supmante Superiore + rive

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64
Q

Can Sui Lieviti style be labeled rive?

A

NO

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65
Q

What’s a “Rive” in Conegliano Valdobbiadene?

A

It refers to hillside vineyards or riverbank slopes

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66
Q

What are the requirements for Rive designation?

A

1) Must be hand-harvested
2) Must be vintage-dated
3) Lower maximum yields of 13 tons/L (normal DOCG is 13.5tons/L)
4) Higher mini. Alcohol 11.5% abv (normal DOCG 10.5% abv)
5) On the slopes which are the steepest and most labor intensive (requiring 700 hours of work per hectare, normal is 120hours for flatter vineyard).

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67
Q

Name 5 most regarded Rive of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?

A

Col San Martino, Colbertaldo di Vidor, Farra di Soligo, Ogliano, Pieve di Soligo, Soligo.

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68
Q

Which is the most exceptional site of Prosecco?

A

Cartizze

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69
Q

Name the 3 subzones of Cartizze?

A

Cartizze Alto: highest and steepest vineyard, at 230-320m 冷空气下沉 warmer than lower part, riper but with high acidity due to the diurnal shift昼夜变化.
Cartizze Est
Cartizze Ovest: 180-230m

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69
Q

What’s the terroir of Cartizze?

A

1) The slope is extremely steep, average gradation is 35% and the steepest areas is 60%.
2) Facing directly south
3) Harvest 2 weeks later to obtain the highest ripeness and sugar

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70
Q

Of all 2020 Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, how many % was Superiore di Cartizze? And how many % for Rive?

A

1.4% for Superiore di Cartizze; 2.6% for Rive.

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71
Q

What are the sweetness levels of Cartizze?

A

Usually is dry, with 17-32g/l of RS per liter.

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72
Q

Which producer made the first Trentino traditional method sparkling wine? When?

A

Giulio Ferrari; in 1902.

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72
Q

Which producer has the largest share of Cartizze vineyards? Name 4 other key producers?

A

Bisol has the largest;
Adami, Col Vetoraz, Le Colture, Villa Sandi.

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73
Q

What are the maximum yields of normal Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, Rive, and Superiore di Cartizze?

A

13.5 tons/ha; 13tons/ha; 12tons/ha

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74
Q

What are the mini. Alcohol content of normal Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, Rive, and Superiore di Cartizze?

A

10.5%abv, 11.5% abv, 11.5% abv.

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75
Q

Which is Piemonte’s largest denomination for Sparkling wine in total production volume?

A

Asti DOCG

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76
Q

Which 4 DOCs in Emilia-Romagna allow for Lambrusco styles but without “Lambrusco” in the name?

A

From west to east:
Colli di Parma DOC,
Colli di Scandiano e di Canossa DOC,
Reggiano DOC,
Modena DOC

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77
Q

Which are the 3 DOCs with “Lambrusco” in the name from Emilia-Romagna? Which city are they near by? Which has the most challenging terroir and produces the finest Lambrusco? Which is the lightest?

A

Lambrusco di Sorbara (lightest in both color and flavor);
Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro (most challenging terroir, finest Lambrusco);
Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce (north of Modena province, midpoint between Sorbara and Grasparossa, Sweeter style);
City Modena.

77
Q

Which colors are made for Lambrusco? Vintage?

A

Red or Rosato; Usually nonvintage.

78
Q

Which methods are used to produce Lambrusco?

A

Both Charmat and ancestrale methods

79
Q

Which sweet levels are there for Lambrusco?

A

Dry: secco/ asciutto
Off-dry: semi-secco/ abboccato
Gently sweet: amabile
Sweet: dolce

80
Q

Which level is Alta Langa? DOC or DOCG? When was it elevated?

A

DOCG, in 2011.

81
Q

Which are the producing provinces of Alta Langa DOCG?

A

Cuneo, Asti, Alessandria

81
Q

Is there NV Alta Langa DOCG?

A

NO (must vintage dated)

82
Q

Which are the grape varieties of Alta Langa DOCG? Winemaking method? Color?

A

Mini 90% Pinot Nero and/or Chardonnay;
Must be traditional method and vintage dated;
Bianco or Rosato

83
Q

What are the dosage levels for Alta Langa DOCG?

A

From zero dosage to extra dry

84
Q

Name the four types of wines are produced under Asti DOCG?

A

Asti/Asti Spumante
Asti/Asti Spumante “Metodo Classico”
Moscato d’Asti
Moscato d’Asti “Vendemmia Tardiva”

85
Q

What’s the mini aging requirement for Alta Langa and Riserva?

A

Mini 30months for normal, 36months for Riserva level.

86
Q

What’s the atmosphere of Asti Spumante and Moscato d’Asti? Alcohol content? Which is sweeter and RS? What kind of closer is used?

A

1) Asti Spumante: 4.5-5 atmospheres; Moscato d’Asti: 2.5 atmospheres;
2) Asti S: mini 6% abv; Moscato d’Asti: 4.5% - 6.5% abv;
3) Moscato d’Asti is sweeter, about 80g/l.
4) Asti is closed by muselet wire cage; Moscato d’Asti is closed by regular cork or Stelvin closure/screw cap.

87
Q

Who is the first German to make sparkling wine? Where and which year?

A

Florenz-Ludwig Heidsieck, in 1785 in Champagne.

88
Q

Name 3 largest German Sekt companies?

A

Henkell, Rotkäppchen小红帽, Söhnlein-Brillant

88
Q

Where and when was the first sparkling wine made in Germany?

A

In Württemberg, in 1826

89
Q

Which are the main grape varieties for making premium Sekt?

A

50% is Riesling
30% Pinot varieties, Pinot Blanc is important
20% aromatic varieties: Scheurebe and Gewurztraminer.

90
Q

Who is the leader of quality sparkling movement?

A

Volker Raumland from Rheinhessen, who founded Germany’s first winery focusing only on Sparkling wines.

91
Q

Which dosage level does most Sekt have?

92
Q

Top producers of Sekt who make autolytic style Riesling Sekt with MLF and long ageing on lees

A

Raumland, and Matthieu Kaufmann of Reichsrat von Buhl

93
Q

When was Austria’s PDO structure for Sekt announced?
In 2016

93
Q

Who is Matthieu Kaufmann?

A

Former cellar master at Bollinger

94
Q

When was OTW established?

95
Q

When did Phylloxera arrive in Austria?

96
Q

What does hauersekt mean?

A

grower’s sparkling wine

96
Q

Who made the first sparkling wine in Austria?

A

Robert Alwin Schlumberger

97
Q

What’s the term for grower’s sparkling wine in Austria?

98
Q

Which is the first Austrian Sparkling wine brand? When was it established?

A

Goldeck, in 1859

98
Q

Who is Robert Alwin Schlumberger?

A

Former Ruinart’s cellar master who came to Vienna and established the first Austrian sparkling wine brand Goldeck in 1840s.

99
Q

Name the three Sekt Austria PDOs?

A

Sekt Austria g.U., Sekt Austria Reserve g.U., Sekt Austria Grosse Reserve g.U.

99
Q

Where is Vöslau? What is it special?

A

A town just south of Vienna;
chalky white soils for sparkling wines

100
Q

Which is the largest sparkling wine brand in Austria? Who is the owner?

A

Goldeck, owned by Schlumberger Wine and Sekt Company

101
Q

When were Sekt Austria PDOs established?

101
Q

What does “g.U.” mean?

A

Österreichischer Sekt mit geschützter(protected) Ursprungsbezeichnung(designation of origin) (g.U.), which stands for “Austrian Sekt with Protected Designation of Origin” (PDO).

102
Q

What’s the method for Sekt Austria PDO g.U.?

A

All methods

103
Q

What’s the dosage level permitted for Sekt Austria PDO g.U.?

A

All dosage levels

104
Q

What’s the aging requirements for Sekt Austria PDO g.U.?

A

9months on lees for traditional method, 6months for tank method

105
Q

Where are the grapes sourced from for Sekt Austria PDO g.U. and Austrian Sekt?

A

Single state for Sekt Austria PDO, and all Austria for Austrian Sekt

106
Q

Which are the differences between Sekt Austria Reserve PDO g.U. and Sekt Austria Grosse Reserve PDO g.U. required by law?

A

1) The source of grapes: from a single state for Reserve; from a single village for Grosse Reserve
2) Aging: 18months for Reserve, and 36months for Grosse Reserve
3) Max. Press Yield: 60% for Reserve, 50% for Grosse Reserve

107
Q

Where are the grapes for making Sekt mainly from?

A

75% from Niederosterreich (Lower Austria), particularly the northern part of Weinviertel and Vienna.

107
Q

Which requirements are the same for both Sekt Austria Reserva PDO g.U. and Sekt Austria Grosse Reserva PDO g.U.?

A

1) Both are hand harvested,
2) whole-cluster pressed,
3) traditional method,
4) with max. 12g/l of RS (dosage level only can be brut, extra brut and zero brut)

108
Q

Which is the major production area of Austrian Sekt?

A

Vienna, over half of prodcution

109
Q

Which two are the preferred varieties for Sparkling wine in Austria?

A

Grüner Veltliner and Welschriesling

109
Q

Name 5 major producers of Austrian Sekt?

A

Hugl Weine, Weingut Steininger, Weingut Bründlmayer, Weingut Schloss Gobelsburg,
Weingut Stift Klosterneuburg.

110
Q

How many % does Sparkling wine represent Austria’s production?

111
Q

What are the designations for dosages in Austria?

A

Brut Nature/ Brut Zero 0-3g/l
Extra Brut/ Extra Herb 0-6g/l
Brut/ Herb 0-12g/l
Extra Dry/ Extra Trocken 12-17g/l
Dry/ Trocken 17-32g/l
Medium Dry/ Demi-Sec/ Halbtrocken 32-50g/l
Sweet/ Mild >50g/l

112
Q

What’s the dosage level for “Extra Herb” for Austrian Sparkling wines?

A

0-6g/l of RS

113
Q

What’s the dosage level for “Mild” in Austrian Sparkling?

A

> 50g/l of RS

114
Q

What’s the dosage level for “Halbtrocken” for Austrian Sparkling wines?

A

32-50g/l of RS

114
Q

What’s the dosage level for “Trocken” for Austrian Sparkling wines?

A

17-32g/l of RS

115
Q

What’s the dosage level for “Extra Trocken” for Austrian Sparkling wines?

A

12-17g/l of RS

116
Q

What’s the dosage level for “Herb” for Austrian Sparkling wines?

A

0-12g/l of RS

117
Q

What’s German term for Brut?

118
Q

What’s the term for sweet level of dosage in Austria?

119
Q

Which part of Weinwiertel produce fine Sekt?

120
Q

Which two villages are producing fine Sekt in Weinviertel?

A

Poysdorf and Falkenstein

121
Q

Where is White Cliffs?

A

In Dover, England

122
Q

Name two sparkling wineries in Sussex?

A

Nyetimber, Ridgeview

123
Q

Where are the quality sparkling wine regions in US?

A

Carneros, Anderson Valley, Willamette Valley, Washinton

124
Q

Where did Roederer establish winery in US?

A

Anderson Valley in Mendocino

125
Q

Where did Moet et Chandon establish winery in US?

A

Yountville

126
Q

Where did Taittinger establish winery in US?

127
Q

Name one top producer of Cap Classique?

A

Graham Beck

128
Q

What are the winemaking methods of Gaillac Mousseux and Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Gaillaçoise?

A

Gaillac Mousseux: traditional method
Gaillac Mousseux Methode Gaillacoise: Méthode Ancestrale

129
Q

What are the grape varieties of Gaillac Mousseux and Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Ancestrale?

A

Gaillac Mousseux: Min. 50% combined Len de l’El(white grape), Mauzac, Mauzac Rosé, and Muscadelle
Gaillac Mousseux Methode Ancestrale: Mauzac and Mauzac Rosé

130
Q

What are the colors of Gaillac Mousseux and Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Ancestrale?

A

Both are Blanc

131
Q

What are the grape varieties of Gaillac Mousseux Methode Ancestrale?

A

Mauzac and Mauzac Rose

132
Q

What are the grape varieites of Clairette de Die Methode Traditionelle and Clairette de Die Methode Dioise Ancestrale? What are the RS? Pressures?

A

Methode traditionelle: 100% Clairette; max. 15g/l; 3.5 atmospheres
Dioise Ancestrale: min. 35g/l; 3 atmospheres
Blanc: min. 75% Muscat à Petits Grains plus Clairette
Rosé: min. 75% Muscat à Petits Grains plus Clairette and Gamay (max. 10%)

133
Q

What are the winemaking methods of these appellations? Bugey Vin Mousseux/Pétillant Blanc and Rosé; Bugey “Montagnieu” Vin Mousseux/Pétillant; Bugey “Cerdon”?

A

Bugey Vin Mousseux Blanc and Rose: traditional method
Bugey Montagnieu Vine Mousseux Blanc: traditional method
Bugey Cerdon: Methode Ancestrale

134
Q

Which colors of Mousseux/Petillant are produced under Bugey Vin Mousseux?Which grape varieties? Aging on lees?

A

Blanc: Min. 70% combined Chardonnay, Molette, and Jacquère
Rosé: Min. 70% combined Gamay and Pinot Noir
9 months on lees

134
Q

Which colors are produced under Bugey Montagnieu Vin Mousseux? Which grape varieties? Aging on lees?

A

Blanc: Min. 70% combined Mondeuse, Chardonnay, and Altesse
12months on lees min.

135
Q

Which colors of Mousseux can be produced under Bugey Cerdon? What are the varieties ? winemaking method? Pressure?

A

Méthode Ancestrale
3 atmospheres

136
Q

Name 3 AOPs that produce sparkling wines using Méthode Ancestrale?

A

Bugey Cerdon,
Clairette de Die Méthode Dioise Ancestrale,
Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Gaillaçoise

137
Q

What’s Méthode Ancestrale?

A

A single fermentation begins in tank, then the wine is transferred to bottles before the fermentation is complete, yeasts continue to ferment the remaining sugar in the bottle gaving the wine sparkle.
Liqueur de lirage is unneccessary.

138
Q

What’s another name of méthode rurale?

A

Méthode Ancestrale

139
Q

What’s the other two names of Tank Method?

A

Charmat, Cuve Close

140
Q

Explain Tank Method?

A

After the primary fermentation, liqueur de tirage is added to the wine, provoking a second fermentation in the pressurized closed tank.

141
Q

Which wines are usually using tank method?

A

Most Asti and Prosecco

142
Q

What’s Continuous Method/ Russian Continuous Method?

A

Developed in the USSR, it’s similar to the Tank Method, but the base wine is pumped throught a series of continuous tanks while undergoing the second fermentation. Liqueur de tirage is constantly added 不断地添加, the lees accumulate聚集in the first several tanks, offering a higher degree of autolyzed flavors than the tank method.

143
Q

What’s TEVC?

A

Terroirs et Vignerons de Champagne (TEVC) is the largest Union of Champagne cooperatives, comprising 82 cooperatives which represent nearly 6000 wine-growers across 2750 hectares.

143
Q

Which type of wine is usually using Russian Continuous Method?

A

German Sekt

144
Q

Name a few Champagne houses founded wineries in California?

A

Domaine Carneros, Taittinger
Piper Sonoma, Piper Heidesieck, Healdsburg
Roederer Estate, Anderson Valley, Mendocino County, California
Mumm Napa, Brut Prestige

145
Q

What’s the sparkling house founded by Taittinger in California?

A

Domaine Carneros

146
Q

Wine counties of England?

A

East and West Sussex,
Surrey,
Kent,
Hampshire,
Essex,
Dorset,
Devon,
Cornwall,
Somerset,
Gloucestershire

146
Q

Where is Nyetimber located?

147
Q

Where is Davenport located?

148
Q

Where is Chapel Down located?

149
Q

Where is New Wave Wines located?

149
Q

Where is Gusbourne Estate?

150
Q

Name 4 wineries located in Kent?

A

Davenport (Kent)
Chapel Down (Kent)
New Wave Wines (Kent)
Gusbourne Estate (Kent)

151
Q

Name 4 wineries in Sussex?

A

Ridgeview Estate (Sussex)
Breaky Bottom (Sussex)
Henners (Sussex)
Nyetimber(Sussex)

152
Q

Where is Ridgeview Estate?

153
Q

Where is Breaky Bottom located?

154
Q

Where is Henners located?

155
Q

Best Sparkling producers of UK?

A

Davenport (Kent)
Chapel Down (Kent)
New Wave Wines (Kent)
Gusbourne Estate (Kent)
Nyetimber (Sussex)
Ridgeview Estate (Sussex)
Breaky Bottom (Sussex)
Henners (Sussex)
Camel Valley (Cornwall)
Sharpham (Devon)
Denbies Wine Estate (Surrey)
Adgestone (Isle of Wight)
Llanerch (Glamorgan)
Three Choirs (Gloucestershire)

156
Q

Where is Three Choirs located?

A

Gloucestershire

157
Q

Where is Llanerch located?

158
Q

Where is Adgestone located?

A

Isle of Wight

159
Q

Name a winery located in Surrey?

A

Denbies Wine

160
Q

Where is Denbies Wine Estate located?

161
Q

Where is Sharpham located?

162
Q

Which are the main grape varieties in UK?

A

Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Meunier, accounts for 69% of the total wine produced in the UK

162
Q

Where is Camel Valley located?

163
Q

Which is the largest vineyard in UK? Where is it located?how many hectares?

A

Denbies in Surrey, 107ha
Champel Down in Kent, 388ha owned and leased plantings

164
Q

Where does Pommery produce sparkling wine in UK? When was it released? What’s the name of Brand?

A

Hampshire in 2018, Louis Pommery England

165
Q

What’s the project of Taittinger in England? Where is it located? When is it open for first harvest?

A

Evremond in Kent, open in 2024

166
Q

When will Domaine Evremond Classic Cuvee be released?

A

Spring 2025

167
Q

How many hectares are there in Domaine Evremond?

168
Q

What are the white varieties for still white wines in England?

A

Seyval Blanc, Reichensteiner, Bacchus, Huxelrebe, Madeleine Angevine

169
Q

What’s the latitude of UK wine regions?

170
Q

What are the main grape varieties for still red wine in UK?

A

Pinot Noir and Dornfelder

171
Q

Where is Sharpham? What’s famous for?

A

In South Devon in England, known for its fine red wines

172
Q

What’s the area of production for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?

A

Table: UK
Regional: English and Welsh Counties
Quality: England/ Wales

172
Q

Who is the producer of Beenleigh? What’s the grape varities? Where is it produced?

A

Sharpham,
Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon,
produced in South Devon

173
Q

What are the three levels of regulations in UK?

A

Table wine, Regional wine, Quality wine

174
Q

What’s the height requirements for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?

A

Table: any
Regional: below 250m elevation
Quality: below 220m

175
Q

What are origin of grapes’ requirements for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?

A

Table: no limit
Regional: 85% from stated region
Quality: 100% from stated England or Wales

176
Q

What are the varieties requirements for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?

A

Table: Vitis Vinifera + Hybrids
Regional: Vitis Vinifera + Hybrids
Quality: Vitis Vinifera only

177
Q

What are min natural alcohol requirements for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?

A

Table: 5%
Regional: 6%
Quality: 6%

178
Q

What’s PDO?

A

Protected Designation of Origin

179
Q

Name 4 PDO’s in UK? And the year approved?

A

PDO England 2011
PDO Wales 2011
PDO Darnibole 2017
PDO Sussex 2022

180
Q

What’s the uniqueness of PDO Darnibole?

A

Darnibole is the only single-vineyard wine in the UK to be awarded PDO status, it’s must be produced at Camel Valley Winery located in Cornwall County, in souteast of England, produces dry white wine from 100% Bacchus grapes.

180
Q

Which is the only single-vineyard PDO in England?

181
Q

Which winery produces Darnibole PDO?

A

Camel Valley winery in Cornwall County

182
Q

Name the most recent PDO of UK?

A

Sussex in 2022

183
Q

How many hectares are there in Darnibole PDO?

A

?? How many hectares are there in Darnibole PDO?
Only 5ha on a single plot

184
Q

Which grape variety is produced in Darnibole PDO?

185
Q

When was Sussex approved as PDO status?

186
Q

Which types of wine are allow for PDO Sussex?

A

Still and MT. Sparkling wines

187
Q

Which grape varieties are allowed for PDO Sussex sparkling wine?

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Meunier,
in addition Arbanne, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Petit Meslier, Pinot Noir Précoce.

187
Q

Which grape varieties are allow for PDO Sussex still wines?

A

Acolon, Auxerrois, Bacchus, Chardonnay, Dornfelder, Huxelrebe, Muller Thurgau, Orion, Ortega, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Pinot Noir Precoce, Meunier, Regent, Regner, Reichensteiner, Riesling, Rondo, Roter Veltliner, Schonburger, Siegerrebe, Solaris

188
Q

What’s the mini alcohol content of PDO Sussex sparkling?

189
Q

What’s the dominated soil in Kent and Sussex?

A

Limestone and chalk

189
Q

Which regions in UK are dominated by Chalk and limestone soils?

A

Kent and Sussex

190
Q

Name two largest producers in UK?

A

Nyetimber in Sussex, Chapel Down in Kent

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