New questions of Northern Italy Flashcards
Which category is IGT considered by the European Union? How about DOC and DOCG?
IGT = PGI (Protected Geographical Indication)
DOC/DOCG = PDO (Protected Designation of Origin)
When was IGT sytem introduced?
Why was it introduced?
When did the first IGT appear?
In 1992 by Goria’s law, more relaxed regulation offering winemakers wider freedoms.
First IGT appear in 1994.
What’s the most important river in Piemonte?
What’s the direction of this river?
Po River is the longest river in Italy. It flows eastward across northern Italy, starting from theCottian Alps阿尔卑斯
What’s the climate of Piemonte? What’s the major fector?
Continental climate, Alps provides a “rain shadow” effect
What’s the most planted red grape in Piemonte?
Barbera
Name 5 lesser known indigenous red grapes of Piemonte?
Brachetto, Grignolino, Ruchè, Croatina, Vespolina, and Freisa
What’ the most planted white grape in Piemonte?
Moscato Bianco (Muscat à Petits Grains)
Name 4 white grapes excluding Moscato?
Cortese, Arneis, Erbaluce and Favorita (Vermentino)
What’s the synonym of Vermentino in Piemonte?
Favorita
Which communes are included in Langhe?
Barolo, Barbaresco, Asti and Dogliani
Where is Novello? Name the DOC producing Nascetta from this region?
Novello is the village at the southwestern edge of Barolo zone.
DOC: Langhe Nascetta del Commune di Novello
What’s the grape variety of Langhe Nascetta del Commune di Novello?
Nascetta
Name the 2 main soil types of Piemonte?
Tortonian soil=Sant’ Agata marl(Messinian)
Helvetian (Serravallian) soil
What’s Tortonian soil?
What’s the win style from this soil?
Which part of Barolo has this soil?
Rich in calcareous marl (It comprises mostly clay, mixed with some sand and limestone)
- ruby color, softer, floral and fruitier style which matures faster;
Western half or Central Valley(La Morra, Barolo)
What’s Helvetian soil?
What’s the wine style from this soil?
Which part of Barolo has this soil?
Red sandstone and quartziferous sand (iron-rich, higher proportion sandstone, less compact紧凑, poorer and less fertile)
more garnet colour wine, higher tannins and matures slower;
Estern part of Piemonte: Castiglione Falletto, Serralunga d’Alba, Monforte d’Alba
What’s the other name of Helvetian soil?
Serravallian soil
Name 3 “traditionalists” of Barolo?
Giacomo Conterno, Bartolo Mascarello, Giuseppe Rinaldi
Name 3 “modernists” of Barolo?
Paolo Scavino, Luciano Sandrone, Elio Altare
Name the 11 communes of Barolo?
Barolo, La Morra, Monforte, Serralunga d’Alba and part of Castiglione Falletto, Novello, Grinzane Cavour, Verduno, Diano d’Alba, Cherasco and Roddi
What’s the maximum yield of Barbaresco?
For Barbaresco and Riserva: 8tons/ha=8000kg/ha=56hl/ha
For Barbaresco/Riserva with “vigna” vineyard labeled: 7.2tons/ha=7200kg/ha
What’s the minimum alcohol content of Barbaresco?
For Barbaresco and Riserva: 12%abv
For Barbaresco/Riserva with “vigna” vineyard labeled: 12.5%abv
What’s the “Vigna” wines of Barbaresco?
vineyard must be at least 7years of age;
grapes must 100% come from a named vineyard;
mini alcohol is 12.5% abv, and maxium yield is 72tons/ha
What’s Sant’ Agata soil? What’s the win style from this soil?
Which part of Barolo has this soil?
consists mainly of calcareous clay and blue-gray marl, with more nutritious and remains moist.
Style: more accessible, delicate, with beautiful bouquet
mainly found in Barolo, La Morra and Barbaresco
What’s the vineyard elevation of Barolo?
170-540 meters
What’s the permitted vineyard orientation in Barolo?
vineyards with complete northern exposures are prohibited
In which commune are the following Crus/MGA’s located?
Villero, Cannubi, Vigna Rionda, Brunate, Castelletto, Bussia, Rocche dell’Annunziata, Monvigliero
Villero - Castiglione Falletto,
Cannubi - Barolo,
Vigna Rionda - Serralunga d’Alba,
Brunate - La Morra and Barolo
Castelletto - Monforte d’Alba
Bussia - Monforte d’Alba
Rocche dell’Annunziata - La Morra
Monvigliero - Verduno
What’s the meaning of Bricco or Bric?
It refers to the vineyard at the top of a hill
What’s the min alcohol of Barolo Chinato? How long is it aged in cask?
16.5% abv; aged in cask for 12months
What’s Barolo Chinato?
a fortified aromatied Barolo wine served as digestif which has a bitter flavor of quinine by steeping the bark of the chinchona tree in the wine and flavouring with rhubarb, gentian root and cardamom plus sugar.
matured in cask for 12months.
who is the famous producer of Barolo Chinato?
Cappellano
What’s MGA?
Menzioni Geografiche Aggiuntive = additional geographic mentions
Which 3 towns are entirely included in the Barolo appellation?
Serralunga, Castiglione Faletto, Barolo
In which commune are the following Crus/MGA’s located?
Asili, Rabajà, Martinenga, Santo Stefano, and Pajorè
Asili - Barbaresco
Rabajà - Barbaresco
Martinenga - Barbaresco
Santo Stefano - Neive
Pajorè - Treiso
Where is Pajorè and Rabajà?
Pajorè is in Treiso, Rabajà is in Barbaresco
Where is Santo Stefano? Style?
Neive;
More northerly site, richer in clay, single best vineyard of the Barbaresco DOCG, one of the greatest vineyard site of Italy.
Where is Martinenga?
Barbaresco
Where is Pajè?
Barbaresco
Name 3 best “premier crus” in Barbaresco?
Pajè, Montestefano and Rio Sordo
Pajè, Montestefano and Rio Sordo
Where is Asili?
Barbaresco
Where is Montestefano? Style?
Barbaresco;
In Barbaresco, exceptional! higher-lying vines have benefited the most from climate change, as its slightly cooler microclimate guarantees wines of both body and finesse
Where is Rio Sordo?
Barbaresco
In which cru is the grapes of Sorì San Lorenzo sourced from?
in Secondine - Cru in Barbaresco
Name the best grand cru in Neive? and two best premier cru?
Grand Cru: Santo Stefano
Premier Crus: Serraboella, Gallina
Where is Gallina? Style?
Neive; chunkier, fleshier
Where is Pajorè?
in Treiso (one of the 5 grand crus in entire Barbaresco)
Where is Roero located?
northwestern bank of Tanaro River (opposite Barolo and Barbaresco), north of the commune of Alba
Which communes are entired included in Roero?
Canale,Corneliano d’Alba,Piobesi d’Alba, Vezza d’Alba
What’s the grape variety of Roero Arneis Spumante?
95% Arneis
What are the percentage of grape varieties for white and red wine of
Roero DOCG and Terre Alfieri?
95% Nebbiolo and 95% Arneis for Roero;
85% Nebbilo and 85% Arneis for Terre Alfieri
Name the five denominations dedicated to Barbera in Piemonte? Which is made from 100% Barbera?
Barbera d’Asti DOCG (min 90% Barbera)
Nizza DOCG (100% Barbera)
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG (85% Barbera)
Barbera del Monferrato DOC(85% Barbera)
Barbera d’Alba DOC (min 85% Barbera + Nebbiolo)
Name the two subzones of Barbera d’Asti?
Tinella, Colli Astiani
Which appellation was absorbed into Dogliani DOCG?
Dolcetto delle Langhe Monregalesi DOC, in 2011
What’s the full name of Diano d’Alba?
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG
Name the 7 denominations of Dolcetto in Piemonte? Which one is NOT 100% Dolcetto?
1)Dogliani DOCG
Dolcetto d’Alba DOC
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG(Diano d’Alba DOCG)
Dolcetto d’Asti DOC
Dolcetto d’Acqui DOC
Dolcetto di Ovada DOC
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore/ Ovada DOCG
2)Dolcetto di Ovada DOC is from 97% Dolcetto +NAG (not 100%)
Which province is Dolcetto d’Acqui DOC produced from?
Alessandria
What’s the winemaking method for Brchetto d’Acqui Rosso Spumante? mini alcohol?
Traditional Method or Charmat;
min 6% abv actual (12% for potential alcohol)
What’s the mini RS of Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG Passito?
50g/l
What’s the full name of Gavi DOCG?
Cortese di Gavi DOCG
Which are the two best communes for Gavi?
Gavi di Gavi, Gavi di Tassarolo
Where can you find Frazioni di Rovereto?
Within Gavi
What does “Derthona” refer to?
the best example of Timorasso produced from Colli Tortonesi DOC
What are the other two names of Nascetta?
Anascetta or Nas-cëtta
Name the two distinct Piedmont red grapes containing Pelaverga?
Pelaverga Grosso and Pelaverga Piccolo
Name the denominations producing Spanna in Northern Piemonte (except Ghemme and Gattinara)?
Boca DOC - 70-90% Spanna
Western/right bank of Sesia:
Bramarerra DOC - 50-80% Spanna
Lessona DOC - 85% Spanna
Eastern/left bank of Sesia:
Fara DOC - 50-70% Spanna
Sizzano DOC - 50-70%
Which appellation is affected by Lake Viverone?
Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG
Who produced the first detailed maps of Barolo and Barbaresco? when?
Renato Ratti in the 1970s
What’s the requirements to use “Vigna” designation in Barolo and Barbaresco?
1)yields must be lower - 7.2tons/ha,
2)higher alcohol content - mini 13% abv in Barolo, 12.5%abv in Barbaresco
3)vines are at least 7 years old
What’s the mini alcohol content of Barolo? And Barbaresco?
Barolo/Barolo Riserva/+MGA: mini alcohol is 12.5%abv
Barbaresco/Barbaresco Riserva/+MGA: mini alcohol is 12%abv
Barolo/Barolo Riserva+MGA+Vigna single vineyard: 13%abv
Barbaresco/Barbaresco Riserva+MGA+Vigna single vineyard: 12.5%abv
What’s the max yield of Barolo? And Barbaresco?
Barolo/Barolo Riserva/+MGA or Barbaresco/Barbaresco Riserva/+MGA: max 8tons/ha
Barolo/Barolo Riserva/Barbaresco/Barbaresco Riserva+MGA+Vigna single vineyard: max 7.2tons/ha
What’s the meaning of Riviera?
coast
What’s the western coast and eastern coast of Liguria called in Italian?
west: Riviera di Ponente
east: Riviera di Levante
What’s the climate in Liguria?
Mediterranean
Which DOC border between Liguria and the Tuscan coast?
Colli di Luni (southeast of Liguria)
What’s sgruttu?
Local name for marly-clay soils in Liguria
Which is the most planted red grape of Liguria?
Rossese
Where is Rossese planted in Liguria?
only in the western part of the region
What’s Sciactrà and Sciacchetrà?
Sciactrà: local name for rosato wine from Ormeasco di Pornassio DOC
Sciacchetrà: a sweet passito wine from Cinque Terre DOC, a specialty of the Spezia province.
both are in Liguria
Where is Adda River?
begins from Swiss Alps, flows from east to west and emptying into Lake Como, in Northern Lombardia
Name the three appellations in Lombardia making Rosso from 90% Chiavennasca?
Valtellina Rosso DOC, Valtellina Superiore DOCG, Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG
What’s the mini. alcohol of Sforzato di Valtellina?
14%abv
What’s the aging requirement of Sforzato di Valtellina?
mini 20months from 1st April + mini 12 months in barrel
Which DOCG near the city of Brescia?
Franciacorta
How many % of vineyards are certified organic in Franciacorta?
66%
What’s the ageing requirements of Franciacorta?
Mini 18months on the lees + 7 months in bottle = 25months in total.
Rose version/Satèn: mini 24months on lees + 7mths in bottle = 31months in total;
Millesimato/ or single vineyard labeled: 30mths on lees + 7 mths in bottle = 37months in total
(各递增6个月).
Franciacorta Riserva: 60months on lees (longest of any sparkling wine denomination) + 7months in bottle = 67months in total.
What’s the former name of Curtefranca?
Terre di Franciacorta
What are the permitted red grapes for Curtefranca DOC?
min 25% Merlot, min 20% Cab F and/or Carmenere, min 10%-35% Cab S + other red grapes in Lombardia
Which is Italy’s largest vineyard area for Pinot Nero?
Oltrepò Pavese
Which denomination of Oltrepo Pavese is only making sweet Rosso?
Oltrepò Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC: Dolce Rosso or Frizzante from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara.
What’s the meaning of Oltrepò? Name two denominations with Oltrepo?
on the other side of the river Po;
Oltrepo Pavese, Oltrepo Mantovano
What’s Zucca Rabarbaro? ingredient? created by whom and when?
an amaro (bitter), rhubarb, by Ettore Zucca in 1845
What is Cynar? What’s the main ingredient?
Amaro (bitter), based on artichoke
What’s the name of the amaro made from Nonino grappa?
Nonino Quintessentia
What’s Cardamaro? Where is it from? Made by which family?which wine is used?
An amaro, from Canelli - Pimonte, made by Bosca Family, using Moscato wine,
based on cardoon (菜蓟)
What’s Cappelletti? Where is it from? based on which type of wine? Name three different flavors and names?
An amaro, from Trentino-Alto Adige, based dry marsala wine
*Elisir Novasalus:
*Pasubio: mountain blueberries
*Amaro Sfumato: smokiness from rhubarb.
Name the three soil types in Monferrato?
Terre Bianche - white land: through out Monferrato
Sabbie Astiane - Asti Sands: Central Monferrato, Astigiano
Terre Rosso - Red lands: Alto Monferrato
Which region in Italy has no IGT?
Piemonte
How much % of Barolo and Barbaresco wines are exported?
Very high
85% for Barolo
75% for Barbaresco
What’s Prünent?
A Local name for Nebbiolo
Name the synonyms of Nebbiolo in Val d’Ossola, Novara, Valtellina, Valle d’Aosta?
Prünent - Val d’Ossola in Northern Piemonte
Spanna - Novara in Northern Piemonte
Chiavennasca - Valtellina in Lombardia
Picotendro - Valle d’Aosta
Name the most important clone of Nebbiolo?
Lampia
What’s the average elevation of Barolo vineyards? Facing?
200-400m
South and southwest facing
What’s Botti?
Large Slavonian oak cask
What’s the new name for MGA?
UGA=Unita’ Geografica Aggiuntiva
Which levels are there for MGA/UGA?
1)Commune level, e.g. Serralunga d’Alba
2)Specified single vineyard, e.g. Brunate or Bussia
3)Collection of specified vineyards, e.g. Via Nuova in Terlo
What is the Menzioni Geografiche Aggiuntive in Barolo?
Official Geographical indications or sub-zones of Barolo DOCG
What does the word “vigna” on a bottle of Barolo signify?
Vigna means vineyard - it can only appear on the label if the MGA name is also stated
What are the vineyard elevation in Alto Piemonte? facing?
300m; south facing (to just ripen Nebbiolo)
Name the appellations on the leftright(west) bank of Sesia?
Boca, Ghemme, Sizzano, Fara
Name the appellations on the right(east) bank of Sesia?
Lessona, Bramaterra, Gattinara
What’s the % of Spanna in the following appellation?
Lessona, Bramaterra, Gattinara, Boca, Ghemme, Sizzano, Fara, Carema; which has the highest % of Spanna?
Gattinara - 90% Nebbiolo (the highest)
Carema - 85%-100%
Ghemme - 85% Nebbiolo
Lessona - 85% Nebbiolo
Boca - 70%-90% Nebbiolo
Bramaterra - 50%-80% Nebbiolo (max 30% Croatina)
Sizzano - 50%-70% Nebbiolo
Fara - 50%-70% Nebbiolo
What’s the aging requirement of the following appellation?
Lessona, Bramaterra, Gattinara, Boca, Ghemme, Sizzano, Fara, Carema
Gattinara: 35mths including 24 in wood; Riserva 47mths including 36 in wood
Ghemme: 34mths including 18 in wood + 6 in bottle; Riserva 46mths including 24 in wood + 6 in bottle
Boca: 34mths including 18 in wood; Riserva 46mths including 24 in wood
Carema: 24 mths including 12 in wood; Riserva 36mths including 12 in wood
Bramaterra: 22mtns including 18 in wood; Riserva 34mths including 24 in wood
Sizzano: 22mths including 16 in wood; Riserva 34mths including 24 in wood
Lessona: 22mths including 12 in wood; Riserva 46mths including 30 in wood
Fara: 22mths including 12 in wood; Riserva 34mths including 20 in wood
Which is the only DOC in Alto Piemonte allows 30% Croatina?
Bramaterra
Where is Valli Ossolane?
Very far north of Piemonte
When was Barbera d’Asti elevated to DOCG level?
2008
Which appellation has the largest red production in Piemonte?
Barbera d’Asti DOCG
Which appellation was originally a subzone of Barbera d’Asti?
Nizza
When was Nizza awarded DOCG status? Where is it?
2014, in Asti province
How much % of Barbera are required in the following appellations?
- Barbera d’AstiDOC, Barbera d’Asti SuperioreDOCG, NizzaDOCG, Nizza RiservaDOCG, Barbera d’Alba DOC:
Barbera d’Asti DOCG - min 90%
Barbera d’Asti Superiore DOCG - min 90%
Nizza DOCG - 100%
Nizza Riserva DOCG - 100%
Barbera d’Alba DOC - 85%-100%
What’s the aging requirement of Nizza and Nizza Superiore?
Nizza: 18months including 6months in wood
Nizza Riserva: 30months including 12months in wood
What’s the difference between Barbera d’Asti and Barbera d’Asti Superiore?
Same area, same % of grape (90%min), same max yield 9tons/ha
Difference: Superiore(12.5%) is 0.5% min alcohol higher than Barbera d’Asti(12%)
Aging: Superiore (14mths including 6 in wood) longer than Barbera d’Asti (4mths no requirement in wood)
Where is Castellinaldo?
Subzone of Barbera d’Alba DOC
Name the subzone of Barbera d’Alba? When was it created?
Castellinaldo, in 2021
Which DOCG is inside of Dolcetto d’Alba DOC?
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG
Which appellation is considered the birthplace of Dolcetto?
Dogliani DOCG
Which province is Gavi DOCG located?
Alessandria
Which appellations can make Cortese in Piemonte?
Gavi DOCG, Piemonte DOC
Where is Marengo Storico? Which type of wine is made here?
it’s a subzone of Piemonte DOC;
making frizzante and spumante style Cortese
Which producers revived Arneis?
Bruno Giacosa, and Vietti
Where is Roero located?
left bank of Tanaro river, opposit of Barolo and Barbaresco
Where is Terre Alfieri located?
between the Asti and Cuneo, northeast of Roero DOCG
What’s the max. yield of Nizza DOCG, Barbera d’Asti DOCG, Barbera wine in Piemonte DOC?
Nizza DOCG - 49hl/ha
Barbera d’Asti DOCG - 63hl/ha
Piemonte Barbera DOC - 84hl/ha
The best quality Barbera wines in Piemonte come from?
Asti and its subzones, including Nizza DOCG
Which producer is the pioneer of concentrated styles of Barbera wines?
Giacomo Bologna
What’s the max. yield of Gavi DOCG?
67ha/ha, Riserva is 45ha/ha
What’s the aging requirement of Gavi DOCG?
Riserva wine must be aged in any vessel for 1 year
Name two important producers of Gavi?
Castellari Bergaglio, and La Scolca
Name two significant producers of Dolcetto wines?
Marcarini (Alba) and Marziano Abbona (Dogliani)
Which province is Val Polcèvera produced from?
Genova
What’s the producing province of Colline di Levanto?
La Spezia
Which DOCs in Liguria produce Rosso from Sangiovese?
Val Polcevera, Colline di Levanto
Which DOC in Liguria can produce Moscato Passito?
What’s the min RS?
Golfo del Tigullio-Portofino; 260g/l
What are the producing provinces of Riviera Ligure di Ponente?
Imperia, Savona, Genoa
Which DOCs in Liguria are entirely in Province of Imperia?
Rossese di Dolceacqua, Ormeasco di Pornassio
Which provinces is Colli di Luni located?
La Spezia, Massa
What’s the maximum elevation of Colli di Luni? and average elevation?
700m; average is 100-200m
Which province is Cinque Terre located?
Spezia
What’s the aging requirement for Cinque Terre Sciacchetrà?
Sciacchetrà Passito: min 1year (from 1 Oct of the harvest to 1 Oct of the year after harvest)
Sciacchetrà Passito Riserva: min 3years
Name the IGTs of Liguria?
Liguria di Levante IGT, Colline del Genovesato, Colline Savonesi, Terraze dell’Imperiese
Which DOC of Liguria only produce white wine ?
Cinque Terre DOC
Which DOC of Liguria only produce red wine?
Rossese di Dolceacqua, Ormeasco di Pornassio
Which DOC of Liguria produces Scimiscia?
Golfo del Tigullio-Poltofino
Which DOC of Liguria produces Pigato?
Riviera Ligure di Ponente
Which DOCs in Liguria do not produce Vermentino?
Rossese di Dolceacqua, Ormeasco di Pornassio
Which DOC of Liguria produce Sangiovese? %? aging?
Colli di Luni, min 50%, Rosso Riserva min 2years of aging.
Colline di Levanto, min 30%
Which DOC of Liguria produce Trebbiano Toscano? %?
Colli di Luni, 25%-40% in the blend of Bianco
Which DOCs of Liguria produce Bianchetta Genovese?
Golfo del Tigullio-Poltofino,
Val Polcevera
Which DOCs of Liguria produce Ciliegiolo?
Val Polcevera,
Golfo del Tigullio-Poltofino,
Colline di Levanto
Which DOCs of Liguria produce Dolcetto?
Val Polcevera, Golfo del Tigullio-Poltofino, Ormeasco di Pornassio
Which DOCs of Liguria produce Albarola?
Val Polcevera, Colline di Levanto, Colli di Luni, Cinque Terre
Which DOC of Liguria only produce varietal wines?
Riviera Ligure di Ponente
Wine style and grapes of Rossese di Dolceacqua - Imperia:
only Rosso: min 95% Rossese
Wine style and grapes of Riviera Ligure di Ponente - Imperia, Savona, Genoa:
Bianco varietal wines:
Moscato/ Moscato Frizzante/Moscato Vendemmia Tardiva/Moscato Passito: must be 100%
Vermentino/Vermentino Superiore/Vermentino Passito: min 95%
Pigato/Pigato Superiore/Pigato Passito: min 95%
Rosso varietal wines:
Granaccia/Granaccia Superiore/Granaccia Passito: min 90%
Rossese/Rosses Passito: min 90%
Wine style and grapes of Ormeasco di Pornassio - Imperia:
Sciactrà(Rosato)/Rosso: min 95% Ormeasco
Wine style and grapes of Val Polcevera-Genoa:
min 60% combined Vermentino, Bianchetto Genovese, Albarola
85% of Verietal wines: Vermentino, Bianchetto Genovese
Rosso: min 60% Combined Dolcetto, Sangiovese, Ciliegiolo
Wine style and grapes of Golfo del Tigullio-Poltofino - Genoa:
Bianco/Bianco Frizzante/Bianco Spumante/Bianco Passito: min 60% Bianchetta Genovese, Vermentino
Rosato/Rosato Frizzante/Rosso/Rosso Frizzante/Rosso Novello: min 60% Ciliegiolo and Dolcetto
Verietal wines:
min 85% any grape variety: Bianchetta Genovese/ Vermentino/Scimiscià (Cimixa)/Ciliegiolo
100% Moscato Bianco (must be dolce)
Wine style and grapes of Colline di Levanto-La Spezia:
Bianco: min 40% Vermentino, 20% Albarola, 5% Bosco
Varietal wine: 85% Vermentino
Rosso: 30% Sangiovese, 20% Ciliegiolo
Wine style and grapes of Cinque Terre - Spezia:
Bianco/Sciacchetrà (Passito): min 80% Bosco, Albarola and/or Vermentino
Wine style and grapes of Colli di Luni - Spezia and Massa:
Bianco: 35% Vermentino, 25%-40% Trebbiano Toscano
Rosso: min 50% Sangiovese
Verietal wines: 90% Vermentino
85% Albarola
Which is the smallest appellation in Liguria?
Val Polcevera
Which is the first DOC of Liguria?
Rosesse di Dolceacqua in 1972
What’s the winemaking method of Prie Blanc from Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle? aging?
Traditional method, min 9months on lees
What’s the capital city of Valle d’Aosta?
Aosta
How many IGTs in Valle d’Aosta?
None
What’s the mountain in Valle d’Aosta?
Mont Blanc
What’s the min must weight of VT style Prie Blanc from Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle?
200g/l
Which provinces are included in Piemonte DOC?
Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, Biella, Novara, Vercelli, Asti, Alessandria, Torino, Cuneo
Where is Vigneti di Montagna? What’s the elevation and requirement?
Subzone of Piemonte DOC;
500m and a slope of at least 30%
Which varietals can be produced as varietal wines under Piemonte DOC? What’s the %?
Bianco 8: Bussanello, Cortese, Chardonnay, Moscato, Sauvignon, Viognier, Pinot Grigio, Riesling
Rosso13: Albarossa, Barbera, Bonarda, Brachetto, Cabernet Franc, Cab S, Croatina, Dolcetto, Freisa, Grignolino, Merlot, Pinot Nero, Syrah
Spumante: Chardonnay, Cortese, Marengo?, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, Albarossa(Rosato), Chardonnay-Pinot/Pinot/Pinot-Chardonnay(bianco, rosato), Pinot Nero (Bianco, Rosato), Brachetto (Rosso)
Passito: Moscato, Barbera, Brachetto
%: min 85% of the stated variety, the rest 15% blend with Non-aromatic grapes, but Cortese and Marengo may contain a maximum of 3% Moscato Bianco
Bussanello is crossed between which grape varieties?
White grape variety, crossing of Riesling italico (Welschriesling) and Furmint
Which grape varieties can produce Varietal Rosato Spumante under Piemonte DOC?
Albarossa, Pinot Nero, Pinot/Chardonnay-Pinot/Pinot-Chardonnay
Which grape varieties can produce Varietal Rosso Spumante under Piemonte DOC?
Brachetto
For Piemonte DOC varietal wines, which grape varieties may contain max 3% of Moscato Bianco?
Cortese and Marengo
What’s the grape varieties and % for Piemonte DOC non varietal wines?
Bianco/ Bianco Passito: min 60% alone or combined Cortese, Chardonnay, Favorita, Erbaluce
Rosato: Min 60% alone or combined Barbera, Chardonnay, Cortese, Nebbiolo, Dolcetto, Freisa, Croatina
Rosso: min 60% Barbera, Nebbiolo, Freisa, Croatina
Novello: red varieties except Brachetto
Spumante Bianco: min 60% Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, Pinot Nero, Chardonnay, Cortese, Erbaluce, and/or Favorita
Spumante Rosato: min 85% Brachetto
Passito Rosso/ Spumante Rosso: min 60% Barbera, Nebbiolo, Dolcetto, Freisa, and/or Croatina
If there is not variety labeled, what’s the grapes for Spumante Rosato Piemonte DOC wines?
min 85% Brachetto
Which red varieties permitted in Piemonte DOC can not produce Novello wine?
Brachetto
What’s the meaning of “ottenuto da uve appassite”?
passito wines produced from dried grapes
What’s the meaning of “di uve stramature”?
passito wines produced from overriped grapes
What’s the winemaking method for Piemonte DOC Spumante?
May be Metodo Classico or Martinotti/Charmat
What does “Martinotti” refer to?
Charmat method
What’s the requirement if “Chardonnay-Pinot” labeled on Piemonte DOC Spumante?
Maximum 85% Chardonnay, minimum 15% Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, and/or Pinot Nero
What’s the requirement if “Pinot” labeled on Piemonte DOC Spumante?
Pinot: minimum 85% Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, and/or Pinot Nero, maximum 15% Chardonnay
What’s the requirement if “Pinot-Chardonnay” labeled on Piemonte DOC Spumante?
maximum 85% Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, and/or Pinot Nero, minimum 15% Chardonnay
What’s the requirement if “Pinot Nero” labeled on Piemonte DOC Spumante?
Pinot Nero: minimum 85% Pinot Nero, maximum 15% Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, and/or Pinot Grigio
What’s the RS of Passito Piemonte Brachetto and Moscato?
50g/l
Piemonte DOC and Langhe DOC, which one can produce sparkling?
Piemonte DOC
Which grapes can produce varietal wines under Langhe DOC? What’s the % requirement?
1)Arneis, Chardonnay, Favorita, Nascetta (dry or passito), Riesling, Rossese Bianco, Sauvignon, Barbera, Cab S, Dolcetto, Freisa, Merlot, Nebbiolo, Pinot Nero.
min 85% of stated varietal, max 15% other non-aromatic grapes, must be 100% for Nascetta
If Nascetta is labeled on Langhe DOC wine, what’s the % requirement?
100%
What’s the requirement for “Vigna” wine under Langhe DOC?
1)must be varietal wines can be labeled “Vigna” (except Arneis, Barbera, Dolcetto)
2)may be made from vines of age under 7years with lower yield:
3rd leaf: 4.8 tons/ha
4th leaf: 5.6 tons/ha
5th leaf: 6.4 tons/ha
6th leaf: 7.2 tons/ha
Which varietal wines can not produce “vigna” wines in Langhe DOC?
Arneis, Barbera, Dolcetto
What’s the % of grapes for Langhe DOC wines?
No specific requirement of the % for dry Bianco and Rosso still wines;
Bianco Passito: min 60%, alone or combined, Arneis, Chardonnay, Nascetta, Riesling
Rosato: min 60%, alone or combined, Barbera, Dolcetto, Nebbiolo
Rosso Passito: min 85%, alone or combined, Barbera, Dolcetto, Nebbiolo
Varietal wine: min 85% of the stated varietal
Nascetta del Comune di Novella: 100% Nascetta
Name the largest lake in Piemonte region? and the second largest?
lake Maggiore, 2nd lake Orta
Where is Lake Maggiore?
Far northeast of Piemonte
Where is Lago d’Orta?
Northeast of Piemonte
Which is the largest commune in Barolo?
La Morra
Where is San Lorenzo? supplying fruit for which winery?
Barolo, Bartolo Mascarello
What’s the capital of Roero?
Bra (city) - Bra is known for its Baroque architecture, sausage, and the Slow Food movement.
Which styles can be produced under Roero Spumante denomination?
from brut naturale to dolce
What’s the aging requirement for Roero Bianco Riverva?
min 16months
What’s the aging requirement for Roero Rosso and Rosso Riserva?
Rosso: min 20mths including 6mths in wood;
Rosso Riserva: min 32mths including 6mths in wood.
What’s the Principal Soils in Roero?
Sand,clay and limestone
Name 3 DOCG’s produce Barbera in Piemonte?
Barbera d’Asti DOCG,
Nizza DOCG,
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG
What’s the % of Moscato required for Asti DOCG?
min 97%
How many % of Brachetto is required for Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG?
97%
What’s the elevation requirement for Alta Langa DOCG?
min 250m
What’s the aging requirement for Gavi?
Gavi Riserva: min 1year including 6mths in bottle
Gavi Spumante Metodo Classico: min 2years including 18mths on lees.
Which types of wine are produced from Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba/Diano d’Alba DOCG?
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba/ + Vigna
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba Superiore/ + Vigna
What are the two types of soils found in Gavi?
White earth: Calcareó/Mornozó, limestone rich clay, better for white wine;
Red earth: Arcailloso, iron rich soils for red
Which varieties can produce varietal wine under Colli Tortonesi DOC? what’s the % requirement for stated variety?
8: Cortese, Favorita, Timorasso, Moscato, Barbera, Dolcetto, Croatina, Freisa
100% for Moscato,
95% Timorasso,
95% Cortese
min 85% for the rest.
Which varietal wine can produce spumante style under Colline Saluzzesi DOC?
Quagliano
Name the denominations of Piemonte producing 100% Erbaluce grape wines?
Coste della Sesia DOC, Colline Novaresi DOC, Erbaluce di Caluso
Name the DOC’s produce 100% Erbaluce grape wines?
Coste della Sesia DOC, Colline Novaresi DOC
Name the DOCG proudce 100% Erbaluce grape wine?
Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG
Which country is bordered with Lombardia?
Swiss
Which province is Valtellina located?
Sandrio
What’s the flow direction of Adda River?
Begins in the Swiss Alps and flows from east to west, into Lake Como
Where is Adda River?
begins from Swiss Alps, flows from east to west and emptying into Lake Como, in Northern Lombardia
Name the three lakes in Lombardia?
Lago di Como (northwest)
Lago d’Iseo (central)
Lago di Garda (east)
Where are the vineyards located in Valtellina?
Because the Adda river flows from east to west, forming a east-west orientation valley, the vineyards are planted on the southern exposure steep mountainous terrain along the valley.
What’s the key factor of Valtellina’s terroir?
Altitude (300-800m) and steep slopes
What’s the highest gradient of slope in Valtellina?
Up to 70%
Where is Valtellina Superiore? DOC or DOCG? Types and grapes?
Lombardia, DOCG;
Rosso: 90% Chiavennasca
Valtellina Superiore
Valtellina Superiore Riserva
Valtellina Superiore with indication of subzone
Valtellina Superiore may be labeled as “Stagafassli” if bottled in neighboring Switzerland.Aging may occur there as well.
Name the five subzones of Valtellina Superiore DOCG (from west to east)?
Maroggia, Sassella, Grumello, Inferno, Valgella
Name the three appellations in Lombardia making Rosso from Nebbiolo? What’s the % of the grape?
Valtellina Rosso DOC, Valtellina Superiore DOCG, Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG;
Min 90% for all three denominations
How long should Sforzato grapes dried on straw mats?
Min 2months
Which appellation produce Amarone style/Red Appassimento wine in Lombardia?
Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG
Which DOCG near the city of Brescia?
Franciacorta
Which province is Franciacorta located?
Brescia
What’s the most planted grape variety in Franciacorta?
Chardonnay
What are the % of vineyard planting for Chardonnay, Pinot Nero and Pinot Bianco in Franciacorta?
3/4 for Chardonnay, 17% Pinot Nero, 3% Pinot Bianco
Name 19 communes in Franciacorta?
Paratico, Capriolo, Adro, Erbusco, Cortefranca, Iseo, Ome, Monticelli Brusati, Rodengo Saiano, Paderno Franciacorta, Passirano, Provaglio d’Iseo, Cellatica, Gussago, and portions ofCologne, Coccaglio, Rovato and Cazzago S. Martino
How many % of vineyards are certified organic in Franciacorta?
66%
What’s the ageing requirements of Franciacorta?
Mini 18months on the lees + 7 months in bottle = 25months in total.
Rose version/Satèn: mini 24months on lees + 7mths in bottle = 31months in total;
Millesimato/ or single vineyard labeled: 30mths on lees + 7 mths in bottle = 37months in total
(各递增6个月).
Franciacorta Riserva: 60months on lees (longest of any sparkling wine denomination) + 7months in bottle = 67months in total.
What’s the former name of Curtefranca?
Terre di Franciacorta
What are the permitted red grapes for Curtefranca DOC?
min 25% Merlot, min 20% Cab F and/or Carmenere, min 10%-35% Cab S + other red grapes in Lombardia
Where is Pavia province?
In southwest of Lombardia, between Piemonte and Emilia-Romagna.
Name the rivers in Lombardia?
Po, Adda, Oglio
Which is Italy’s largest vineyard area for Pinot Nero?
Oltrepò Pavese
What’s the required % for Pinot Nero to indicate Pinot Nero on the label for Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG?
Min 85%
Which wine types can be produced in Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG? grape varieties? Alcohol content?
1)Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Rosé
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero Rosé
2)Metodo Classico/Classico Rose: mini 70% Pinot Nero + max 30% Chardonnay,Pinot Grigio and Pinot Bianco; 11.5% abv.
Metodo Classico Pinot Nero/Classico Pinot Nero Rose: mini 85% Pinot Nero + max 15% Chardonnay, Pinot Grigio and Pinot Bianco; 12% abv.
What’s the local name of Vespolina in Oltrepo Pavese ?
Ughetta
What are the wine types of Oltrepò Pavese DOC and grapes?
Bianco: Min.60% combined Riesling and/or Riesling Italico;
Rosato/Rosato Frizzante/Rosso/Rosso Riserva: Barbera, Croatina, max 45% Uva Rara, Ughetta (Vespolina), and/or Pinot Nero
Varietal Pinot Nero Rosato/Pinot Nero Rosato Frizzante/Pinot Nero Rosato Spumante
Varietal wines min 85% of the stated variety:
Chardonnay/ Cortese/ Malvasia/ Pinot Nero: still, Frizzante, Spumante
Moscato: still,Frizzante, Spumante, Passito, Licoroso
Riesling: still,Frizzante, Spumante, Riesling Superiore, Riesling Riserva
Sauvignon/Sauvignon Spumante
Barbera/Barbera Frizzante/Barbera Riserva
Cabernet Sauvignon
What are the wine styles and grape varieties in Oltrepò Pavese DOC in general?
Still, sparkling, sweet styles;
White from Riesling, Riesling Italico;
Red and Rosato from Croatina, Barbera, Uva Rara, Vespolina, Pinot Nero
What’s the wine style and grape variety of Buttafuoco dell’Oltrepo Pavese DOC?
Rosso or Rosso Frizzante, from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara
Which denomination of Oltrepo Pavese is only making sweet Rosso?
Oltrepò Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC: Dolce Rosso or Frizzante from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara.
What’s the % of grape required for Oltrepò Pavese Pinot Grigio DOC and Oltrepò Pavese Croatina DOC ?
85%
What’s the % of grape required for Oltrepò Pavese Pinot Nero DOC ?
95%
What’s the meaning of abboccato?
Medium sweet
What’s the meaning of amabile?
Sweet
What’s the Italian term for medium sweet?
Abboccato
What’s the Italian term for sweet?
Amabile
What’s the wine style of Oltrepo Pavese Sangue(血) di Giuda DOC?
Sweet wine: Rosso Dolce, Rosso Frizzante, or Spumante.
Name the two subzones of Lambrusco Mantovano DOC?
Oltrepò Mantovano and Viadanese-Sabbionetano
What’s the meaning of Oltrepò? Name two denominations with Oltrepo?
on the other side of the river Po;
Oltrepo Pavese, Oltrepo Mantovano
What’s Amaro?
It refers to the aromatic herbal, bittersweet Italian liqueurs traditionally served as digestifs.
What’s Zucca Rabarbaro? ingredient? created by whom and when?
an amaro (bitter), rhubarb, by Ettore Zucca in 1845
What is Cynar? What’s the main ingredient?
Amaro (bitter), based on artichoke
What’s Bràulio ? Where is it from?
It’s an Amaro produced in Valtellina in Lombardia, flavored with pine, mind, chamomile, aged in Slavonian oak barrels for two years.
What’s the name of the amaro made from Nonino grappa?
Nonino Quintessentia
What Nonino Quintessentia? what’s the flavor? Which cocktail is made by this?
It’s an Amaro, made in Friuli, uses the Nonino Family’s grappa as a base spirit, aged for 5years in French barriques and Sherry barrels.
Flavors of orange peel and burnt caramel
Paper Plane纸飞机.
What’s Cardamaro? Where is it from? Made by which family?which wine is used?
An amaro, from Canelli - Pimonte, made by Bosca Family, using Moscato wine,
based on cardoon (菜蓟)
What’s Cappelletti? Where is it from? based on which type of wine? Name three different flavors and names?
An amaro, from Trentino-Alto Adige, based dry marsala wine
*Elisir Novasalus:
*Pasubio: mountain blueberries
*Amaro Sfumato: smokiness from rhubarb.
Which lake straddles the border of Lombardy and Veneto?
Lake Garda
Name the 3 denominations shared between Lombardia and Veneto?
Garda DOC, Lugana DOC, San Martino della Battaglia DOC
Where is the Classico subzone of Garda DOC?
Within Lombardia
Where is Garda DOC?
Shared between Lombardia and Veneto
Which provinces is Garda DOC including?
Verona, Mantova, Brescia
Where is Garda DOC? Types of wine and grapes?
1)On the both sides of Garda Lake, Lombardia and Veneto
2)Produces white, red, chiaretto (rosato), spumante, passito wines, and varietal wines.
3)White from min 70% Riesling and/or Riesling Italico;
Chiaretto and Rosso mainly from Groppello, Marzemino, Sangiovese, Barbera
What’s Rosato wine called in Garda DOC?
Chiaretto
What’s the limitation of producing area for Tai grape in Garda DOC?
Limited to the province of Verona
What’s the % required for Garda DOC Groppello Classico/Groppello Classico Riserva?
Min 85% of Groppello
Which grape varieties may be produced as Spumante in Garda DOC?
Pinot Bianco/Chardonnay/Riesling
Name the 3 clones of Groppello?
Gentile, St. Stefano, Mocasina
Which DOC is on the southern end of Lake Garda?
Lugana DOC
What’s the soil of San Benedetto di Lugana?
Clay, rich in calcareous and sea fossils
Where is Lugana? DOC or DOCG? Types of wine and grapes?
Shared between Lombardy and Veneto;
Bianco/ Vendemmia Tardiva/ Spumante;
From min 90% Turbiana grape variety
What’s the aging requirement of Lugana DOC?
Superiore/Vendemmia Tardiva: min 12months
Riserva:min 24months
Which provinces is Lugana DOC produced from? Which is more important?Which part has higher quality cru and largest commercial producers?
Verona (Veneto), Brescia (Lombardia);
Brescia in Lombardia has more than 90% of vineyard areas;
Veorna has largest commercial producers and higher quality cru.
Where is Botticino? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
In Lombardia (Brescia province), DOC;
Rosso only, from min 30% Barbera, 20% Marzemino (Berzemino) and Schiava Gentile Media and Schiava Gentile Grigia, Sangiovese.
Where is Capriano del Colle? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
Lombardia (Brescia province), DOC;
Bianco/Bianco Frizzante: min 60% Trebbiano di Soave;
Rosso/Rosso Novello: min 40% Marzemino (Berzemino);
Varietal wines:
Trebbiano min 85% Trebbiano di Soave;
Marzemino min 100% Marzemino.
Where is Casteggio? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
Lombardia (Pavia province);
Rosso only: min 65% Barbera, 35% combined Croatina, Uva Rara, Ughetta(Vespolina), and/or Pinot Nero;
What’s the aging requirements for Casteggio DOC?
Rosso: min 24months, including 12mths in oak+6mths in bottle;
RIserva: min 36mths, including 12mths in oak+6mths in bottle.
Where is Cellatica? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
Lombardia (Brescia), DOC;
Rosso only: min 30% Marzemino (Berzemino), min 30% Barbera; combined Schiava Gentile Media and/or Schiava Gentile Grigia, Incrocio Terzi
What are the parent grape varieties of Incrocio Terzi?
Barbera x Cabernet Franc
Where is Garda Colli Mantovani? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
Lombardia (province Mantova); DOC.
Bianco: max 35% Garganega, max 35% combined Trebbiano Toscano, Trebbiano di Soave, Trebbiano Nostrano, and/or Trebbiano Giallo, max 35% Chardonnay
Rosato/Rosso: max 45% Merlot + max 40% Rondinella, max 20% Cab F and/or Cab S
Cabernet: 100% Cabernet Franc and/or Cabernet Sauvignon
Varietal wines: min 85% of stated variety (Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon, Merlot)
Which denomination in Lombardia produce 100% Cabernet?
Garda Colli Mantovani DOC Cabernet
Which dosage level can be produced in Riviera del Garda Bresciano DOC?
Brut or Extra Brut
What’s the Residual Sugar of Riviera del Garda Bresciano DOC Spumante Rose?
Max. 15g/l
Where is Riviera del Garda Bresciano (Garda Bresciano)? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
Lombardia (Brescia province), DOC;
Bianco: min 50% combined Riesling Italico and/or Riesling Renano
Spumante Rosato (Brut or Extra Brut)/ ChiarettoRosso/Rosso Superiore/Novello:
Min 30% combined Groppello Gentile, Groppello S. Stefano, and/or Groppello Mocasina, max 25% Sangiovese, max 25% Marzemino
Gropello (Rosso): min 85% combined Groppello Gentile, Groppello S. Stefano, and/or Groppello Mocasina.
What’s the other name of Garda Bresciano DOC?
Riviera del Garda Bresciano DOC
Where is San Colombano al Lambro? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
Lombardia (Milano, Lodi, Pavia), DOC;
Bianco (may be Frizzante)/ Bianco+Vigne (may have slight scent of wood): min 50% Chardonnay, min 10% Pinot Nero;
Rosso (may be Frizzante)/ Rosso+Vigne (may have slight scent of wood): Croatina, Barbera
What’s the other name of Scanzo?
Moscato di Scanzo DOCG
Where is Scanzo? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
Lombardia (Bergamo province), DOCG;
Rosso Passito: Moscato di Scanzo Passito;
100% Moscato di Scanzo (red)
What’s the must weight of Moscato di Scanzo DOCG? min and max. Residual Sugar?
Min 280g/l; 50-100g/l
How long must the grapes be dried for Moscato di Scanzo DOCG?
Min 21 days
What’s the aging requirement of Moscato di Scanzo DOCG?
Min 2years
Where is Valcalepio? DOC/DOCG? Wine style and grapes?
Lombardia (Bergamo province); DOC;
Bianco: 55-80% combined Chardonnay and/or Pinot Bianco, 20-45% Pinot Grigio.
Rosso: 40-75% Merlot, 25-60% Cab S;
Moscato Passito: 100% combined Moscato and/or Moscato di Scanzo
What’s the Residual Sugar of Valcalepio DOC Moscato Passito ?
30-80g/l
What are the aging requirements of Valcalepio DOC?
Rosso: min 1yr including 3mths in wood
Rosso Riserva: min 3yrs in cluding 1yr in wood
What’s the elevation requirement in Valcalepio DOC?
Merlot/Cabernet Sauvignon: Max. 500 meters
Chardonnay/Pinot Bianco/Pinot Grigio: Max. 600 meters
When was Valtänesi DOC absorbed by the Riviera del Garda DOC?
2017
Which denomination was absorbed by the Riviera del Garda DOC?
Valtänesi DOC
Where is Valtänesi? is it a DOC/DOCG?
In Lombardia (Brescia province);
It was a DOC but since 2017 it was absorbed into Riviera del Garda DOC
What’s the wine style and grapes produced in Valtänesi?
Chiaretto and Rosso;
Min. 50% combined Groppello Gentile and/or Groppello Mocasina
Name the donominations in Lombardia produce only Rosso?
1)Bonarda dell’Oltrepò Pavese DOC (Bonarda=Croatina);
2)Botticino DOC (Barbera, Marzemino);
3)Buttafuoco dell’Oltrepò Pavese DOC /Buttafuoco DOC (Barbera, Croatina)
4)Casteggio DOC (Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara…)
5)Cellatica DOC (Marzemino, Barbera)
6)Sforzato di Valtellina (Sfursat di Valtellina) DOCG
7)Valtellina Rosso DOC
8)Valtellina Superiore DOCG
What are the denominations of Sparkling wine in Lombardia?
1)Riviera del Garda Bresciano DOC Spumante Rosato
2)Franciacorta DOCG
3)Lambrusco Mantovano DOC (frizzante Rosato and Rosso)
4)Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG
5)Sangue di Giuda dell’Oltrepo Pavese DOC (dolce may Frizzante or Spumante)
6)Terre del Colleoni (Colleoni) DOC Bianco Spumante/ or varietal Spumante
7)Oltrepo Pavese DOC Rosato Frizzante/
Pinot Nero Rosato Frizzante and Spumante
Chardonnay Frizzante and Spumante
Cortese Frizzante and Spumante
Malvasia Frizzante and Spumante
Moscato Frizzante and Spumante
Riesling Frizzante and Spumante
Sauvignon Spumante
Barbera Frizzante
How many days must grapes be dried for Terre del Colleoni DOC Moscato Giallo Passito?
Min. 45 days
What’s the method for Terre del Colleoni DOC Spumante?
traditional method
What’s the aging requirement for Terre del Colleoni DOC Spumante?
min 15months on lees,
Millesimato min 24months on lees
Which sea is Veneto adjacent to?
Adriatic Sea
What’s the soil of Valpolicella?
Red and brown calcareous material and volcanic tuff outcrops on the hillside;
Alluvial deposits from the Adige River;
Lessini Mountains in the lower areas.
What’s toar?
volcanic tuff outcrops
What’s another name of Valpolicella Est?
Allargata (meaning widened or expended)
Wine types of Valpolicella DOC? Grape varieties?
Rosso: Valpolicella, Valpolicella Classico, Valpolicella Valpantena, Valpolicella Superiore.
45%-95% Corvina and/or Corvinone + 5%-30% Rondinella
What’s the aging requirement of Valpolicella DOC?
Superiore: min 1 year
What’s the major nature facture in Valpolicella Classico zone?
1)Lessini Mountains which is sheltering the classico zone from cold winds blowing from the north, creating a warmer microclimate.
2)Lake Garda: temperatures the western communes (eg. Sant’Ambrogio di Valpolicella), 4 degrees Celsius higher than eastern parts.
What’s the major nature factor to make Passito and Appassimento wines in Valpolicella?
Lake Garda, bring the dry breezes and humidity environment.
What are the characteristics of Corvina?
Thick and resistant skin which is suitable for air-drying; It’s sensitive to sunburn, humidity and botrytis, so suitable for Pergola system.
What’s the change for Valpolicella wines because of global warming?
The authorized % of Corvinone changed from max.50% to 95%. Because it performs better in warmer vintages than Corvina.
What does Oseleta add to wine? Which producer resurrected this grape?
It can add tannic structure to wine; by Masi in 1980s
What’s the harvest timing for Recioto della Valpolicella and Amarone?
earlier than regular Valpolicella so that they keep acidity throughout the appassimento process.
How long does the appassimento process practice in Valpolicella? During which time the grapes lose how many % of their original weight?
Typically 100-120days (the vinification cannot occur before December 1)
40%-50%.
What’s the Min. Alcohol of Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG? Min. RS?
12% abv (14% abv potential alcohol);
Mini 2.8% abv potential alcohol remain= 50g/l RS.
What’s the RS of Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG?
max. 9g/l for 14% alcohol wines (before 2019 was 12g/l);
A sliding scale that allows slightly more residual sugar in increments as alcohol increases:
An additional 0.1%g/l of sugar for each 0.1% increase in alcohol (up to 16% abv): 10g/l RS for 15% abv.
And additional 0.15%g/l of sugar for each 0.1% in alcohol (above 16% abv).
How many % of a producer’s total maximum yield can be used to produce Amarone?
What’s for the remainder?
65%; the remainder may be used for Valpolicella DOC or Valpolicella Ripasso DOC
When Amarone grape pomace is used to make Valpolicella Ripasso, it still contains a portion of Amarone wine that can be blended in when used for the second fermentation, that’s the max. % of Amarone wine?
up to 15%.
What’s the requirements for the pomace for making Valpolicella Ripasso?
1)the remaining potential alcohol at least 0.5%
2)the pomace contribut 10%-15% of the volume of final wine
3)the refermentation must last a minimum of 3 days.
4)the wine and pomace must belong to the same producer.
5)the volume ofripassocreated by the process cannot be more than twice the volume of the Amarone or Recioto della Valpolicella obtained from the same must.
What’s the aging requirement for Valpolicella Ripasso?
min. 1 year
Can Basic Valpolicella wines to be bottled under screw cap?
Yes
Where is Bardolino ? DOC or DOCG?
Just west of Valpolicella on the east shore of Lake Garda, in Veneto; DOC.
What’s the meaning of Chiaretto?
“the little light one”
What’s famous for Bardolino?
Chiaretto wine
What are the differences between Bardolino DOC and Bardolino DOCG?
1)styles: Bardolino DOC produces chiaretto/novello/rosso/chiaretto spumante; but Bardolino S. DOCG only produce ROSSO;
2)Grape%: Bardolino DOC from 40%-95% Corvina Veronese (and/or max.20% Corvinone)+ 5-40% Rondinella, max. 15% Molinara;
Bardolino S. DOCG from 35-80% Corvina Veronese (max. 20% Corvinone)+10-40% Rondinella, max. 15% Molinara.
3)min. alcohol: Bardolino Rosso/Classico/Chiaretto 10.5%, Novello/Rosso+subzone 11%, spumante 11.5%
Bardolino S. DOCG min. 12%.
4)RS: Bardolino DOC Chiaretto max 9g/l, Novello max 10g/l, Spumante from Nature to Demisec;
Bardolino S. DOCG max. 6g/l.
5)aging: Bardolino S. DOCG min 1year from Nov 1; Bardolino DOC+subzone (may be release not before 1 Sep of the following year of harvest).
What are the Residual Sugar of Bardolino wines?
Chiaretto: maximum 9 g/l
Novello: maximum 10 g/l
Spumante from brut nature to demisec
How many % of Novello wine of Bardolino must have undergone carbonic maceration?
Min 85%
Which province is Bardolina belong to?
Verona
What was the former name of Custoza DOC? WHen was it changed?
Bianco di Custoza, in 2022
Where is Custoza (before 2022 was Bianco di Custoza)? DOC or DOCG? Types of wine and grapes?
1)Just south of Bardolino, west of Veneto;
2)DOC level;
3)Bianco/ Bianco Superiore/ Bianco Riserva/ Bianco Passito/ Bianco Spumante;
4)Mini 70% combined Cortese, Friulano, Garganega, and/or Trebbiano Toscano (no single variety more than 45%); the remaining 30% can include Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay, Riesling, Riesling Italico, Malvasia, Manzoni Bianco.
What’s the winemaking method for Custoza DOC Spumante?
Can be both traditional method and Martinotti
What are the grapes and % of Soave DOC?
min. 70% Garganega + max. 30% combined Trebbiano di Soave and Chardonnay
What’s Trebbiano di Soave?
local biotype of Verdicchio
What are the differences between Soave DOC and Soave Superiore DOCG?
same area, same grapes and %, differences:
1)styles: Soave DOC can be Bianco/Spumante, Soave S. DOCG only Bianco still;
2)min alcohol: Soave DOC Bianco 10.5%, Classico 11%; Soave S. DOCG 12%, Riserva12.5%
3)Aging: Soave S. DOCG Riserva min 1year from Nov 1.
4)Max. yields: Soave DOC Bianco 15tons/ha, Classico/Colli Scaligeri 14tons/ha;
Soave S. DOCG 10tons/ha
When does Soave have the 33 unitàgeografiche aggiuntive(UGAs)/Crus?
2019
What are the grapes and % for Recioto di Soave DOCG?
min 70% Garganega, + max. 30% Trebbiano di Soave
Where is Gambellara? DOC or DOCG? Type of wine? Grapes?
1)Just eastern border of Soave (in Veneto);
2)DOC;
3)Bianco/ Bianco Superiore/ Classico/ Classico Vin Santo/ Spumante;
4)Mini 80% Garganega, max 20% Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay, Trebbiano di Soave, Durella
Which province is Gambellara belong to?
Vicenza
Which province is Breganze DOC belong to?
Vicenza
Where is Breganze located? DOC or DOCG? Type of wines? Grapes?
1)North-central Veneto; DOC;
2)Bianco, Rosso, Torcolato, Vespaiolo Spumante, varietal wines from local and Cabernet.
3)Bianco: 50% Tai, and max. 50% Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, Vespaiolo, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
Rosso: 50% Merlot, max. 50% Pinot nero, Marzemino, Cabernet Sauvignon
Torcolato: 100% Vespaiolo
Varietal wines: min 85% stated grape (Tai, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, Vespaiolo, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Nero, Marzemino, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon)
Which Varietal wines may be labeled Breganze DOC Riserva?
Pinot Nero, Marzemino, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon
Where is Maculan?What’s famous for?
Breganze, Veneto; Torcolato made from Vespaiola
What’s Torcolato?
It’s a sweet, dried-grape white Recioto wine made from Vespaiola/ Garganega/Tocai in Veneto region.
What’s the min. RS of Breganze DOC Torcolato ?
35g/l
What’s the RS of Breganze DOC Vespaiolo Spumante?
Max. 35g/l
What’s the min alcohol of Breganze DOC?
11%, Superiore is 12%, Tocolato is 14%
What’s the aging requirement for Lessini Durello DOC?
Riserva: min 36months on lees
Which provinces are Lessini Durello DOC and Monti Lessini DOC belong to?
Verona, Vicenza
Where is Bagnoli Friularo DOCG?
South of Padua, in Padova Province, Veneto
Name two DOCG’s producing Raboso Piave?
Friularo di Bagnoli DOCG, Piave Malanotte DOCG
Which types of wines are produced from Friularo di Bagnoli DOCG? Grapes and %?
Rosso/ Rosso Vendemmia Tardiva (dry)/ Rosso Passito;
min 90% Raboso Piava
What’s another name of Piave Malanotte?
Malanotte del Piave DOCG
What’s another name of Bagnoli Friularo?
Friularo di Bagnoli
Piave Malanotte DOCG was seperated from which DOC denomination? in which year?
Piave DOC, in 2010
Bagnoli Friularo DOCG was seperated from which DOC denomination? in which year?
Bagnoli di Sopra DOCin 2011
Where is Piave Malanotte? DOC or DOCG? Types of wine? Grapes? Ageing?
East of Veneto in Venezia, Treviso provinces; DOCG; Rosso (dry); Mini 70% Raboso Piave and Max. 30% Raboso Veronese
**Min. 3 years including at least 12 months in barrel and 4 months in bottle.
What’s the max RS of Piave Malanotte DOCG?min alcohol?
8g/l; 12.5% abv.
Where is Colli Euganei? DOC or DOCG? Types of wine? Grapes? RS?
1)Veneto, Padova province
2)DOC
3)Bianco: minimum 30% Garganega + mini 30% Tai and/or Sauvignon Blanc
Bianco Spumante:
Rosso: 40-80% Merlot, 20-60% Cab S and/or Cab F, Carménère
Varietal wines:Garganega, Tai, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay, Manzoni Bianco;
Reds varietal can be also labeled Riserva: Merlot, Cabernet S, Cab F, Carmenere, Raboso
Moscato: Min. 90% Moscato Biancos
Moscato/Pinello/Serprino Spumante,
Pinello/Serprino Frizzante
What’s the max. RS of Colli Euganei DOC Moscato or Moscato Spumante?
max. 50g/l
Which is Italy’s second largest producing DOC? When was it promoted from IGT to DOC? What are the types of wine? Grape varieties?
delle Venezie DOC; in 2017;
Bianco: Pinot Grigio, min 50% accessory varieties: Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, Muller Thurgau, Garganega, Verduzzo, Tocai Friulano;
Varietal Pinot Grigio/ Pinot Grigio Rosato/ Pinot Grigio Ramato/ Spumante Pinot Grigio: 85% Pinot Grigio;
Pinot Grigio (Bianco and Spumante may be labeled Pinot Grigio delle Venezie DOC)
Which large denomination in Veneto is mainly producing Pinot Grigio?
delle Venezie DOC
What’s the name of delle Venezie in Slovenian?
“Beneških okolišev” in Slovenian
What’s the meaning of“Beneških okolišev”?
It’s Slovenian refers to - delle Venezie DOC
What’s Pinot Grigio Ramato?
Copper-colored wine made from Pinot Grigio grapes;
Ramato means copper.
What’s the blend for labeled “Cabernet” in Veneto?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Carmenere
What’s the aging requirement for Montello Rosso DOCG?
18months including 9mths in oak and 6mths in bottle;
24months including 12mths in oak and 6mths in bottle.
Where is Montello Asolo DOC? Types of wine? Grapes?
In Veneto near Treviso in Treviso province.
Bianco:40-70% Chardonnay, 30-60% Glera, and/or Manzoni Bianco, and/or Pinot Bianco, and/or Bianchetta;
Rosso: Cab S(40-70%) +Merlot+Cab F+Carmenere
Spumante: Chardonnay or Pinot Bianco
Venegazzù (zubzone): 50-70% Cab S, +30-50% Cab F, Merlot, Carmenere;
Varietal wines: Pinot Grigio,Pinot Bianco,Manzoni Bianco,Bianchetta,Chardonnay,Merlot,Cabernet Blend,Cabernet Sauvignon,Cabernet Franc,Carmenère,Recantina.
Where is Venegazzù? Which types of wine and grape varieties are made?
It’s the subzone of Montello Asolo DOC in Veneto;
only Rosso, from Cab S 50-70%, + Cab F, Merlot, Carmenere.
What’s the aging requirement of Montello Asolo DOC?
Rosso/Venegazzù: 1year including 6months in barrels
Venegazzù Superiore: 24months including 12months in barrels, 6 in bottle.
Where is Colli Berici DOC? Types of wine?
In Veneto near Vicenza;
Bianco/ Superiore/ Spumante/ Bianco Passito: 30-60% Garganega, 20-50% SB
Metodo Classico/ Millesimato: min 50% Chardonnay+ max 50% Pinot Bianco and/or PN
Rosso/Riserva/Superiore: 50-65% Merlot, min 20% Tai Rosso, max 30% Cab F, Cab S, Carmenere, and/or PN
Rosso Barbarano (subzone): 100% Tai Rosso
Varietal wines: min 85% stated varietal (Chardonnay, Garganega, Manzoni Bianco, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon, Tai, Cab F, Cab S, Carmenere, Merlot, PN, Tai Rosso.
What’s the aging requirement for Millesimato Colli Berici DOC Spumante metodo classico?
min 30mths on lees
Who is the producer of Alzero? Grapes? Denomination?
Giuseppe Quintarelli; Cab S, Cab F, Merlot; Veneto IGT
Who is the producer of La Poja?
Allegrini
What are the two varieties of Glera?
Glera Lunga and Glera Tondo
What are the grape varieties of Prosecco DOC?
Prosecco/Prosecco Spumante/Frizzante: Mini. 85% Glera,
Remaining 15% can be Verdiso, Bianchetta Trevigiana, Chardonnay, Perera, Glera Lunga,
Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, and/or Pinot Nero(vinified as a white).
Prosecco Rose: Glera and 10-15% Pinot Nero
Which types of wine can be produced under Prosecco DOC?
Tranquillo, Spumante, Frizzante, Spumante Rose
What’s the min obtained alcohol of Prosecco?
Prosecco/Prosecco Frizzante: 10.5%
Prosecco Spumante/ Prosecco Spumante Rose: 11%
Which regions is Prosecco DOC produced from?
Veneto and Friuli-Venezia-Giulia
Which specific provinces can be labeled if the grapes are solely harvested from this province for Prosecco wine?
Provincia di Treviso/ Treviso/ Trieste
What’s the sweetness levels of Asolo Prosecco DOCG?
Frizzante: Secco to Amabile (semi-sweet)
Spumante Superiore: all levels except Extra Brut and Dolce
Sui Lieviti: Brut Nature
If Asolo DOCG Frizzante undergoes second fermentation in the bottle, what must be indicated on the label?
“rifermentazione in bottiglia”
What’s the requirements fro Asolo DOCG Sui Lieviti?
from a single harvest, must be fermented in bottle, and left undisgorged, min 90 days on lees.
What’s the grape of Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG? Types?
Mini 85% Glera + max 15% Verdiso, Bianchetta Trevigiana, Perera, Glera Lunga (same as Asolo);
+ (for Spumante wines only) max. 15% Pinot Nero, Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay, Pinot Grigio
Tranquillo, Frizzante, Spumante Superiore, Spumante Superiore Sui Lieviti,
Spumante Superiore +Rive, Superiore di Cartizze.
What are the min alcohol level of Prosecco appellations?
1)Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG: 10.5%, Spumante Sup 11%, Spu Sup+Rive/Cartizze 11.5%
2)Asolo DOCG: 10.5%, Spu Sup 11%;
3)Prosecco DOC: Prosecco/Frizzante 10.5%, Spu/Spu Rose 11%.
What are the sweet levels of Prosecco appellations?
1)Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG: Frizzante - Secco to Amabile,
Spumante Superiore - all except Extra Brut and Dolce;
2)Asolo DOCG: Frizzante - Secco to Amabile,
Spumante Superiore - all except Extra Brut and Dolce same as Valdobbiadene
+ Sui Lieviti must be Brut Nature;
3)Prosecco DOC: Spumante may be from Brut Nature to Demi-sec,
Rose: From Brut Nature to Extra Dry
Which mountain protects Conegliano Valdobbiadene from cold winds and frosts?
Dolomites
Where is Arcole? DOC/DOCG? Styles and grapes?
in Verona and Vicenza provinces, in Veneto;
It’s a DOC;
Bianco/Passito/Frizzante/Spumante: min 50% Garganega
Rosato/ Frizzante/ Rosso/ Rosso Riserva: min 50% Merlot and max 50% Cab S/Cab F/Carmenere
Nero: min 50% Merlot
Varietal: min 85% stated grape
Where is Bagnoli di Sopra/Bagnoli ? DOC/ DOCG?
In province of Padova, Veneto region; It’s a DOC.
Which wine styles and grapes are produced in Bagnoli di Sopra?
Bianco: min 30% Chardonnay + min 20% Tocai Fruilano and/or Sauvignon +min10% Raboso Piave and/or Raboso Veronese.
Rosato: min 50% Raboso Piave and/or Raboso Veronese + max. 40% Merlot.
Rosso: 15-60% Merlot + min 25% Cab F and/or Cab S and/or Carmenere+max 15% Raboso
Varietal: min 85% of the stated variety (Merlot, Cab F, Cab S, Carmenere, Turchetta, Refrosco, Marzemina Bianca, Corbina, Cavrara.
Vin da Viajo: min 90% Raboso Piave
Spumante: min 90% Raboso Piave
What’s the min alcohol content of Vin da Viajo of Bagnoli di Sopra DOC? min RS?
15.5% abv; 45g/l RS
When does the fortification occur for making Vin da Viajo of Bagnoli di Sopra DOC?
may be fortified before, during or after fermentation, and must use a fortifying spirit distilled from grapes from within the DOC region.
What’s Vin da Viajo?
“Wine of travel” in Italian, it refers to liquoroso(fortified wine) made from Raboso in the eastern Veneto.
Because it was the most resistant to aging and transport.
What’s the sweetness level of Spumante from Bagnoli di Sopra DOC?
Bianco Spumante: natural to dry
Rosato Spumante: natural to demisec
Where is Colli di Conegliano? DOC or DOCG?
In province of Treviso, Veneto; DOCG level.
Which types of wine and grapes are produced in Colli di Conegliano DOCG?
Bianco: min 30% Manzoni Bianco + min 30% combined Chardonnay and/or Pinot Bianco, max 10% Sauvignon and/or Riesling;
Rosso: min 10% Cab S + min 10% Cab F + min 10% Marzemino + 10-40% Merlot + max. 20% Incrocio Manzoni and/or Refosco.
Refrontolo (Rosso)/ Refrontolo Passito (Rosso): min 95% Marzemino.
Torchiato di Fregona (Bianco Passito): min 30% Glera + min 20% Verdiso + min 25% Boschera.
Which wine styles can be produced from Colli di Conegliano DOCG “Refrontolo”? from which grape?
Rosso and Rosso Passito, from min 95% Marzemino.
What’s the min. Alcohol content of Refrontolo and Refrontolo Passito?
14.5% abv for Refrontolo, 15% for Refrontolo Passito.
What’s the aging requirement for Refrontolo wines?
Refrontolo: min 24mths including 12months in wood + 3mth in bottle.
Passito: min 4months including 3mths in bottle.
What’s Torchiato di Fregona?
A sweet passito wine from Colli di Conegliano DOCG in Veneto.
What are the grape varieties of Torchiato di Fregona?
30% Glera, 20% Verdiso, 25% Boschera
What’s the aging requirement of Torchiato di Fregona?
Min. 24mths including 5mths in bottle.
How long must the grapes be dried for Torchiato di Fregona?
min 150days following the harvest, grapes can not be pressed until Feb 1 of the year following the harvest.
Where is Corti Benedettine del Padovano? DOC/ DOCG?
In Padova and Venezia provinces, Veneto; It’s a DOC.
Which styles of wine and grapes are produced in Corti Benedettine del Padovano DOC?
Bianco: min 50% Tai (Tocai Friulano) + max. com 50% Pinot Blanc, PG, Chard, SB;
Rosso/ Novello/ Rosato: 60%-70% Merlot, min 10% Raboso, max com 30% Merlot, Cab S, Carmenere, Cab F, Refrosco.
Varietal wines: Cab blend, Raboso (Piave and/or Veronese), Refosco Rosso.
Moscato Spumante: min 95% Moscato Giallo.
Passito: min 70% Moscato Giallo, max. com 30% PB, PG, Chard, SB, Tai.
What’s the must weight of Corti Benedettine del Padovano DOC?
Moscato Giallo Passito: min 270g/l sugar content
Raboso Passito: min 235g/l sugar content
Which DOCG is shared between Veneto and Friuli-Venezia-Giulia?
Lison DOCG
Where is Lison? DOC/ DOCG?
shared between Veneto and Friuli-Venezia-Giulia, in Venice, Treviso, Pordenone (Friuli) provinces.
Which types of wine and grapes are produced in Lison?
Bianco, from min 85% Tai (Friulano).
Where is Lison Pramaggiore? DOC/DOCG?
Shared between Veneto and Friuli-Venezia-Giulia, in provinces of Pordenone, Treviso, Venezia.
Which types of wine and grapes are produced in Lison Pramaggiore DOC?
Bianco: min 50-70% Tai, max. 50% com Chardonnay, PG, SB, Verduzzo;
Rosso: min 50-70% Merlot, max 50% Merlot, Malbec, Cab F, Cab S, Carmenere, Refosco Rosso.
Varietal: Chard, SB, Verduzzo, Merlot, Malbec, Cab Blend, Carmenere.
Verduzzo Passito
Refosco Rosso/ Passito
Spumante: Chardonnay, and/or Pinot Bianco and/or Pinot Nero.
Where is Merlara? DOC/DOCG?
In Padova and Verona Provinces, Veneto; It’s a DOC.
Which styles of wine and grapes are produced in Merlara DOC?
Bianco/ Bianco Frizzante: min 50-70% Tai, max. 50% com Malvasia, Chard, PG, PB, Riesling;
Rosso/Novello: min 50-70% Merlot, max com 50% Cab S, Carmenere, Refosco Rosso, Raboso.
Marzemino Frizzante
Chardonnay Frizzante
Varietal wines: Tai, Malvasia, Chardonnay, Pinot Grigio, Pinot Bianco, Riesling, Merlot, Cab S, Cab blend, Refosco Rosso, Raboso(Piave and/or Veronese).
Where is Piave/Vini del Piave DOC?
In Veneto, Treviso and Venezia provinces.
Which styles of wine and grapes are produced in Piave DOC?
Rosso: min. 50% Merlot
Cab Blend: Cab F and/or Cab S and/or Carmenere
Varietal wines: Carmenere, Merlot, Raboso, Tai, Verduzzo, Chardonnay, Manzoni Bianco
Merlot Riserva
Raboso Passito
Verduzzo Passito
Where is Riviera del Brenta? DOC/DOCG?
Venezia and Padova provinces, in Veneto.
Which types of wine and grapes are produced in Riviera del Brenta DOC?
Bianco/ Bianco Frizzante: min 50% Tai + max. 50% Pinot Bianco, Chard, PG;
Rosato/Rosso/ Novello: min. 50% Merlot + max. 50% Cab F, Cab S, Carmenere, Raboso Piave, Refosco.
Spumante: min 60% Chardonnay, max 40% Tai, Pinot Bianco, PG;
Merlot/ Cab Blend/ Raboso/ Refosco Rosso/ Pinot Grigio/ Tai (Tocai Friulano)
Pinot Bianco/ Frizzante/ Spumante
Chardonnay/ Spumante/ Frizzante
Where is San Martino della Battaglia? DOC/ DOCG?
Shared between Veneto and Lombardia, in Brescia and Verona provinces; DOC.
Which types of wine and grapes are produced in San Martino della Battaglia DOC?
Bianco and Liquoroso, from min. 80% Tocai Friulana (Tai)
What’s the RS of San Martino della Battaglia DOCG Liquoroso ?
40g/l RS
Where is Valdadige Terradeiforti ? DOC/DOCG?
In Trento and Verona provinces, Shared between Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige;
It’s DOC
Which appellation is shared between Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige?
Valdadige Terradeiforti DOC
Which types of wine and grapes are produced in Valdadige Terradeiforti DOC?
Varietal wines: min. 85% of stated grape variety: Enantio (red grape), Casetta (red grape),
Pinot Grigio.
What’s the aging requirement of Valdadige Terradeiforti DOC?
Enantio/Casetta/Pinot Grigio Superiore: 10months
Enantio Riserva/Casetta Riserva: min 36months.
Which types of wine and grapes are produced under Venezia DOC?
Rosso: min 50% Merlot;
Bianco Spumante/Frizzante: min 50% Verduzzo Friulano and/or Verduzzo Trevigiano and/or Glera;
Rosato/Rosato Spumante/Rosato Frizzante: min 70% Raboso Piave and/or Raboso Veronese.
Which types of wine and grapes are produced under Vicenza DOC?
Bianco/Bianco Spumante/Bianco Frizzante/Bianco Passito: min 50% Garganega +max 50% SB, PB, PG, Chard, Manzoni Bianco, Riesling;
Rosso/ Novello/ Frizzante: min 50% Merlot, max 50% Cab S, PN, Raboso, Cab F, Carmenere;
Pinot Grigio Ramato/Rosato
Varietal wines: SB, PB, PG, Chard, Manzoni Bianco, Moscato, Garganega, Riesling, Merlot, Cab S, PN, Raboso, Cab blend.
Where is Vigneti della Serenissima/ Serenissima? DOC/DOCG?
In Belluno, Treviso, Padova, Vicenza, Verona provinces, in Veneto region.
It’s DOC level.
Which types of wine and grapes are produced under Vigneti della Serenissima DOC?
Spumante/ Spumante Rose/ Millesimato/ Spumante Riserva from Method Traditional,
Chardonnay, and/or Pinot Bianco, and/or Pinot Nero.
What’s the min alcohol content of Serenissima Spumante?
11.5% abv, and 12% abv for Spumante Riserva
What’s the aging requirement for Serenissima Spumante?
Spumante/Spumante Rose: min 12mths on lees
Millesimato: 24mths on lees
Riserva: 36months on lees
What’s the dosage level of Vigneti della Serenissima DOC Spumante?
Spumante/Spumante Rose: Brut Nature to Sec
Millesimato: Brut Nature to Dry
Riserva: Brut Nature to Brut
Which is the Pinot Grigio focused denomination in Veneto?
delle Venezie DOC
Riesling and/or Riesling Italico based wine denominations in Veneto?
Garda DOC Bianco, min 70% Riesling and/or Riesling Italico
Groppello based wine denominations in Veneto?
Garda DOC Chiaretto/Rosso:min 30% Gropello; Gropello varietal wine 85%.
Durello based wine denomination in Veneto?
1)Lessini Durello DOC Spumante
2)Monti Lessini DOC Durello/ Durello Passito, min 85% Durella
Corvina/Corvinone/Rondinella based wine denominations in Veneto?
1)Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
2)Bardolino DOC Chiaretto Rosato/Rosso/Chiaretto Spumante
3)Bardolino Superiore DOCG Rosso
4)Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
5)Valpolicella DOC
6)Valpolicella Ripasso DOC
Vespaiolo based denominations in Veneto?
Breganze DOC Torcolato, sweet wine from 100% Vespaiolo
Manzoni Bianco based Denominations in Veneto?
Colli di Conegliano DOCG Bianco, 30% Manzoni Bianco
Cortese based denominations in Veneto?
Custoza DOC, Bianco, min 70% Cortese, Friulano, Garganega, Trebbiano Toscano.
Tai Based denominations in Veneto?
1)Breganze DOC, Bianco, min 50% Tai
2)Corti Benedettine del Padovano DOC, Bianco, min 50% Tai
3)Lison DOC, 85% Tai
4)Lison-Pramaggiore DOC, Bianco 50-70% Tai
5)Merlara DOC, Bianco/Frizzante, min 50-70% Tai
6)Riviera del Brenta DOC, Bianco, 50% Tai
7)San Martino della Battaglia DOC, Bianco/Liquoroso (min 80% Tocai Friulana/Tai)
Garganega based denominations in Veneto?
1)Arcole DOC Bianco/Passito/Frizzante/Spumante
2)Colli Berici DOC, Bianco/Spumante/Passito
3)Colli Euganei DOC
4)Gambellara DOC Bianco/Vin Santo/Spumante, min 80% Garganega
5)Recioto di Gambellara DOCG classico/Spumante, 100% Garganega
6)Recioto di Soave DOCG, min 70% Garganega
7)Soave DOC, Bianco/Spuamante, 70% Garganega
8)Soave Superiore DOCG, Bianco, 70% Garganega
9)Vicenza DOC Bianco/Bianco Spumante/Frizzante/Passito, min 50% Garganega
Raboso based denominations in Veneto?
1)Bagnoli di Sopra/Bagnoli DOC, Spumante (min 90% Raboso Piave), Rosato(50% Raboso)
2)Friularo di Bagnoli (Bagnoli Friularo) DOCG, rosso from min 90% Raboso Piave;
3)Piave Malanotte/Malanotte del Piave DOCG, Rosso, min 70% Raboso Piave
4)Venezia DOC Rosato/Rosato Spumante/Rosato Frizzante, 70% Raboso Piave/Veronese
Which Denomination produce 100% Tai Rosso?
Colli Berici DOC Barbarano Rosso, in Veneto
Turbiana based denomination in Veneto?
Lugana DOC, min 90% Turbiana (Trebbiano di Lugana)
Which denomination produces Cabernet Sauvignon dominated red wine in Veneto?
1)Montello Asolo DOC Rosso and Venegazzù
2)Montello Rosso DOCG
Name DOCs in Veneto focus on international(Bordeaux) varieties? Where are they?
1)Colli Berici DOC near Vicenza, Rosso (Merlot dominates+CabF,CabS,Carmenere,PN)
2)Colli Euganei DOC near Padua, Rosso (Merlot domi+CabS,CabF,Carmenere)
3)Montello Asolo DOC near Treviso, Rosso/ Venegazzù(CabS domi+CabF,Merlot,Carmenere)
4)Montello Rosso/ Montello DOCG
5)Piave DOC/ Vini del Piave DOC
6)Arcole DOC Rosato and Rosso (Merlot based with Cab S, Cab F, Carmenere)
7)Bagnoli di Sopra/Bagnoli DOC Rosso (Merlot dominate +Cab F,CabS,Carmenere)
8)Lison-Pramaggiore DOC, Rosso (Merlot domi,Malbec, CabF,CabS,Carmenere)
9)Merlara DOC, Rosso, 50-70% Merlot+CabS,Carmenere
10)Riviera del Brenta DOC, Rosso(Merlot domi,+…)
11)Vicenza DOC, Rosso, min 50% Merlot (+ CabS,PN,Raboso,CabF,Carmenere)
Which denominations of Veneto produce Vin da Viajo?
Bagnoli di Sopra DOC(Bagnoli)
Denominations for sweet wines in Veneto? grapes?
1)Breganze DOC Torcolato: 100% Vespaiolo (white)
2)Recioto di Gambellara DOCG: 100% Garganega
3)Recioto di Soave DOCG: 70% Garganega + max. 30% Trebbiano di Soave
4)Recioto di Valpolicella DOCG: 45-95% Corvina and/or Corvinone,5-30% Rondinella
5)Colli di Conegliano DOCG “Refrontolo” Passito (Rosso), min 95% Marzemino
6)Colli di Conegliano DOCG Torchiato di Fregona (Bianco Passito), Glera+Verdiso+Boschera.
7)Corti Benedettine del Padovano DOC Moscato Passito/ Raboso Passito.
8)Piave DOC Raboso Passito/ Verduzzo Passito
9)Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio DOCG (Dolce,Spumante,Passito are all sweet from Moscato Giallo)
Denominations of Sparkling wines in Veneto? Grapes? Method?
1)Lessini Durello DOC, min 85% Durello, can be both tank or traditional method, but Riserva must traditional.
2)Colli Berici DOC Spumante: 30-60% Garganega+20-50% SB; Metodo Classico: min 50% Chardonnay + max. 50% Pinot Bianco and Pinot Nero.
3)Asolo Prosecco/Asolo DOCG
4)Vicenza DOC Spumante
5)Venezia DOC Bianco /Rosato Spumante
6)***Vigneti della Serenissima/ Serenissima DOC, traditional method, Chard, PB, PN.
7)Bagnoli di Sopra/Bagnoli DOC Spumante (Raboso Piave)
8)Lison-Pramaggiore DOC Spumante (Chard, PB, PN)
9)Riviera del Brenta DOC Spu (60% Chard+ Tai,PB,PG)
Except Amarone and Recioto di Valpolicella, which denominations in Veneto produce appassimento wines?
Piave Malanotte DOCG (requests 15-30% dried grapes)
Denominations in Verona province, Veneto?
1)Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
2)Bardolino DOC
3)Bardolino Superiore DOCG
4)Custoza DOC
5)Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
6)Recioto di Soave DOCG
7)Soave DOC
8)Soave Superiore DOCG
9)Valpolicella DOC
10)Valpolicella Ripasso DOC
Denominations in Verona/Vicenza provinces?
1)Arcole DOC
2)Lessini Durello DOC
3)Monti Lessini DOC
Denominations in Treviso province?
1)Asolo Prosecco/ Asolo DOCG
2)Colli di Conegliano DOCG
3)Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
4)Montello Asolo DOC
5)Montello Rosso/Montello DOCG
6)Piave Malanotte/Malanotte del Piave DOCG (also in Venezia)
7)Piave/Vini del Piave DOC (also in Venezia)
Denominations in Padova province?
1)Bagnoli di Sopra/Bagnoli DOC
2)Colli Euganei DOC
3)Corti Benedettine del Padovano DOC (also inlcudes Venezia)
4)Friularo di Bagnoli DOCG
5)Merlara DOC
6)Riviera del Brenta DOC (also in Venezia)
Denominations in Padua province, Veneto?
Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio DOCG
Denominations in Vicenza province?
1)Breganze DOC
2)Colli Berici DOC
3)Gambellara DOC
4)Recioto di Gambellara DOCG
Denominations in Brescia province, Veneto?
1)Lugana DOC
2)San Martino della Battaglia DOC (also in Verona)
Baldolino is protected by which mountain?
Monte Baldo (protect from northern cold winds)
What’s the wine style of Baldolino?
mainly light bodied red and rose
Name the provinces in Veneto?
Verona, Vicenza, Padova, Rovigo, Belluno, Treviso, Venezia
Where is Veneto?
The Veneto is located in north east Italy.
It extends from the southern end of Lake Garda (in the west) to Venice in the east, and from the foothills of the Alps in the north to the flat plains of the Po delta to the south.
What’s the climate of Veneto?
warm, moderately continental
Grape growing harzards in Veneto?
Disease and rot in areas with moist air and fog from the Po and Adige rivers.
Esca trunk disease is an increasing threat.
Moderating factors to the climate in Veneto?
1)Cooling influences at altitude, a large diurnal range affects vineyards in the foothills,
3)breezes from Lake Garda cool the vineyards to the west.
4)Flat plains are affected by moist air and fog from the River Adige and the Po River valley.
Rainfall in Veneto?
Moderate rainfall
Volume of production of Pinot Grigio delle Venezie DOC?
Produces 85% of all Italian grown Pinot Grigio, and more than 40% of the world’s production of Pinot Grigio.
Maximum yields of Pinot Grigio delle Venezie DOC? Maximum yields for former IGT (pre-2017)?
126hl/ha; 152hl/ha for former IGT
Location of Bardolino DOC and Bardolino Superiore DOCG?
eastern side of Lake Garda
Alcohol level of Bardolino DOC?Bardolino Superiore DOCG?Maximum yield?
10.5%; min 11% abv.
91hl/ha for both
Name the rose wine produced in Bardolino DOC/Bardolino Superiore DOCG?
Chiaretto
What’s the wine style of Bianco di Custoza DOC?
Easy drinking,fresh, lightly aromatic whites
Principal grape variety in Lugana DOC?
Turbiana=Trebbiano di Lugana=Verdicchio
What’s the synonym of Garganega in Sicily?
Grecanico Dorato
What’s the traditional training system of Garganega?
Pergolas
What does corvinone literally mean?
“big corvina”, but no relation with Corvina.
Which level of dryness does appassimento process bring?
semi-dried grapes
What’s the traditional racks to make appassimento grapes called?
“arele” or “graticci”
What’s “arele” and “graticci”?
the traditional racks to dry grapes in Italy
How long are the grapes dried off for making Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG? and Amarone?
both are 100-120days
What’s the max. yield of Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG?
48hl/ha
What’s the min. alcohol of Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG?
12%abv (14% potential alcohol)
What’s the min RS of Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG?
50g/l = 2.8% potential alcohol
What’s the RS of Amarone?
max. 9g/l (usually 5-9g/l)
What’s the max. yield of Amarone?
48hl/ha (after drying and pressing)
What’s the min. alcohol of Valpolicella Ripasso DOC? and Ripasso Superiore DOC?
12.5% abv; 13% abv for Superiore
which river flows through verona?
Adige River
What’s the full name of Corvina?
Corvina Veronese
Fermentation temperature of red wine in Valpolicella?
20-25°C
Grape growing hazards for Corvina in Valpolicella?
1)vigorous-high yields
2)prone to downy mildew, botrytis, and esca
3)sensitive to drought, and sunburn
Common vineyard management systems for Corvina in Valpolicella?
Pergola: provides shade to avoid sunburn, good air circulation to help reduce disease.
Which grape variety has uneven ripening, requesting to be selected bunch by bunch and higher cost?
Corvinone
Significant producer of single varietal Corvina wines?
Allegrini (La Poja) - 100% Corvina - Veronese IGT
Style factors attributed to semi-drying grapes in red passito wines in Valpolicella?
more concentrated flavour, with higher alcohol, acidity, sugar, tannins and anthocyanins花青素(colour).
WInes can be sweet or dry.
Maximum yields permitted in Valpolicella DOC wines?
84hl/ha
Location of grapes used for Valpolicella Valpantena DOC wines?
Grapes must be grown in the Valpantena Valley
Organisation representing over 80% of producers making DOC(G) wines?
Valpolicella Consorzio
Which countries is Trentino Alto-Adige bordered?
Switzerland and Austria
Which is the important city in Alto-Adige? and Trentino? which part forcus on German culture and language?
Bolzano in Alto-Adige, Trento in Trentino;
the Northern Alto-Adige focus on German.
What’s the climate in Trentino?
moderate continental climate with Alpine influence
What’s the largest lake in Italy?
Lake Garda
Which are the most planted white grapes in Trentino?
Chardonnay 28%
Pinot Grigio 27%
Muller Thurgau 9%
Traminer 4%
Which are the most planted red grapes in Tretino?
Teroldego 6%
Merlot 5%
Pinot Nero 3.4%
Marzemino 2.9%
Which grape is considered the “prince” of Trentino?
Teroldego
Which is the best denomination for Teroldego grape?
Teroldego Rotaliano DOC
What’s the Literal meaning of Nosiola?reflects which characteristics of this grape? famous for which style of wine?
“nocciola”=hazelnut;
the nutty flavor;
famous for Vino Santo(different from Vin Santo)
What’s the Rosato wine called in Trentino?
Kretzer
Where is Abbazia di Novacella found?
Alto Adige
Abbazia di Novacellaholds the distinction of being one of the oldest active wineries in the world. Founded by the Augustinian Order奥古斯丁修会 as early as in 1142.
The most important white grape varieties in Alto-Adige?
Pinot Grigio 12%
Pinot Bianco 11%
Gewurztraminer 11%
Chardonnay 10%
Sauvignon Blanc
Muller-Thurgau
Kerner
What’s the synonym of Schiava?
Vernatsch
The most important red grapes in Aldo-Adige?
Schiava=Vernatsch 11.4%
Pinot Nero 10%
Lagrein 8.8%
Merlot
Cab F/S
What’s the climate of Alto-Adige?
Mild Alpine Continental climate
Sylvaner is crossed between which two varieties?
Savagnin x Österreichisch Weiss
What are the parent varieties of Kerner?
Riesling x Trollinger/Schiava Grossa
What are the parent varieties of Manzoni Bianco?
Riesling x Pinot Bianco
Harvest in Aldo-Adige?
hand on the higher and steeper vineyard slopes
Vini delle Dolomiti IGT applies to wines of which region(s)?
Both Trentino and Alto-Adige
Altitude of vineyards in Alto-Adige?
300-700m
The two largest growing zones in Alto Adige?
Bassa Atesina and Oltradige
Location and climate of Bassa Atesina growing zone in Alto-Adige?
IN the south of the province, so warmer climate
Grape variety not grown in the Bassa Atesina growing zone of Alto-Adige?
Schiava
White grape variety grown in the higher altitude areas of the Bassa Atesina growing zone of Alto Adige?
Muller Thurgau
Grape varieties grown in the Oltradige growing zone of Alto Adige?
Schiava in the Lake Caldaro area,
Merlot and Cab S in the Valleys,
Pinot Nero/White varieties at higher altitudes
Number of varieties of Schiava found in Alto-Adige?
4 (all are normally grown and vinified together)
Style of wines made from Schiava in Alto-Adige?
Pale, ruby red wine, with perfumed violet and strawberry aromas, medium to light body and low tannins.
Grape that can be blended with Schiava in the Santa Magdalena DOC of Alto-Adige?
Lagrein (up to 15%)
Contribution Lagrein makes to style of Schiava based wines in Alto-Adige?
Deeper colour, fuller bodied
% of wines in Trentino Alto-Adige in the DOC category?
84% (the third highest percentage in Italy, following Piedmont and Valle d’Aosta)
Grape varieties in an Alto-Adige DOC wine labelled Bianco?
Min. 75% Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco or Pinot Grigio, 2 of which must be present, and no single variety can exceed 70% of the blend.
% of varieties contained in a two variety blend in Alto Adige DOC (eg. Cabernet-Lagrein)?
there must be more than 15% of each variety present in the blend
% of wines made by cooperatives in Alto Adige?
70%
Name the two important cooperatives in Alto Adige?
Cantina Kaltern and Cantina di Tramin
Alto Adige wines are all branded with?
The Sudtirol logo on the bottle capsule
Name a well-regarded/high quality co-op in Trentino?when was it established?
Cantina Terlano; in 1893
What’s the German name for Valle Isarco?
Eisacktal
What’s the soil in Isera and Ziresi?
Isera: tufa and basaltic rocks;
Ziresi: calcareous clay and alluvial deposits.
Where is Teroldego Rotaliano? DOC or DOCG? Type of wine? Grape?
In Trentino; DOC; Rosso or Rose(kretzer); 100% Teroldego.
Where is Nosiola mainly grown?
Valle dei Laghi
What does “Trentodoc” mean?
traditional method sparkling wines made from Trento DOC
Which term is traditional method sparkling wine from Trento DOC usually written for marketing purposes?
Trentodoc
Which is the only traditional method sparkling wine denomination high in the mountains? What’s the elevation? What’s the soil?
Trento DOC in Trentino; up to 900m; The Dolomites rich in limestone and silica二氧化硅.
Name the 3 DOC’s in Bolzano-Bozen province(Alto-Adige)?
Alto Adige/Sudtirol DOC, Lago di Caldaro/Kalterersee/Kalterer DOC, Valdadige/Etschtaler DOC
Which denomiation is shared between Trentino Aldo-Adige and Veneto?
Valdadige/ Etschtaler DOC
Which denomination is shared between Trentino and Veneto?
Valdadige Terradeiforti DOC
Which denomination is in both Trentino and Alto-Adige?
Lago di Caldaro/Kalterersee DOC
Where is Valle Venosta? What’s the German name? Which types of wine and grapes are produced?
It’s a subzone of Alto Adige DOC; Vinschgau.
Varietal Bianco, Varietal Schiava Rosso, Varietal Pinot Nero Rosso
What’s the Geographic Indications in Valle Isarco Subzone?
Bressanone (growers with vineyards within Bressanone, Naz-Sciaves and Varna may use this indication on labels.)
Where is Valle Isarco? What’s the German name?Which types of wine and grapes are produced?
It’s a subzone of Alto Adige DOC; Eisacktal.
Varietal Bianco, Klausner Laitacher (Rosso blended from Schiava+Portoghese+Lagrein+PN)
Where is Terlano? Which types of wine and grapes are produced?
It’s a subzone of Alto Adige DOC;
Only Bianco: Bianco, Bianco Passito, Varietal Bianco
Where is Santa Maddalena? Which types of wines are produced?
It’s a subzone of Alto Adige DOC;
Only Rosso: from min 85% Schiava(Grossa, Gentile, Grigia)
Where is Meranese/Meranese di Collina? What’s the German name? Which types of wine are produced?
It’s subzone of Alto Adige DOC; Meraner Hügel
Where is Colli di Bolzano? What’s the German name?
subzone of Alto Adige DOC; Bozner Leiten;
Only Rosso: min 85% Schiava (Grossa, Gentile, Grigia)
Which types of wine can be produced un Alto Adige DOC?
Bianco/Vendemmia Tardiva: min 75% combined PB,PG,Char (no single can be more than70%)
Bianco Passito: min 15% of any two grapes (Chard,PB,PG,Muller Thurgau,SB, Riesling,Silvaner,Gew,Kerner,Moccato Giallo)
Varietal Bianco: min85%: Char,Kerner,Mosc Giallo,MT,PB,PG,Rie, Rie Italico,SB,Sylvaner,Gew
Varietal Rosato/Kretzer: min 85% of Merlot, Lagrein, PN
Varietal Rosso: min 85% of:CabF,CabF,Lagrein,Malvasia,Merlot,Moscato Rosa,PN,Schiava
Dual-Variety wines (can be Rosso, or Bianco Passito or Bianco Riserva):min 15% of each variety (Cabernet=S/F, Cabernet-Lagrein,Cab-Merlot,Lagrein-Merlot,Chard-PB,Chard-PG,PB-PG)
Spumante/ Spumante Riserva (Metodo Classico): PB, PN, and/or Chard.
Varietal Spumante: min. 85% of stated variety(Chard, PB,PG,PN)
Spumante Rose: min. 20% PN and max. 80% Chard and/or PB
What’s the aging requirement for Alto-Adige DOC Spumante ?
Nomale: min 15mths on lees, and may not be released until 20mth after Oct 1 of the harvest year.
Riserva: min 36mths on lees, may not be released until 42mths after Oct 1 of the harvest year.
Which subzones of Alto Adige DOC can only produce Rosso? Grape?
Colli di Bolzano, Meranese, Santa Maddalena
all three only produce Rosso from min 85% Schiava (Grossa, Gentile, Grigia).
Which subzone of Alto Adige DOC only produce white wine?
Terlano
Which subzone of Alto Adige DOC produce bothe red and white?
Valle Isarco, Valle Venosta.
Where is Casteller? DOC/DOCG? Which type of wine and grapes are produced?
In Trento province, Trentino Alto-Adige; It’s DOC.
ONLY Rosso, from min 50% Merlot, and max 505 Schiava, Lagrein, Teroldego.
Name the two provinces of Trentino Aldo Adige?
Bolzano and Trento
Where is Lago di Caldaro? DOC/DOCG? Which type of wine and grapes are produced?
in Both Bolzano and Trento provinces, Trentino Alto Adige; It’s DOC.
ONLY Rosso, from min 85% Schiava (Grossa, Gentile, Grigia)
What’s the meaning of Scelto?
selected
What’s the Italian term for select?
Scelto
Where is Teroldego Rotaliano? DOC/DOCG? Types of wine and grapes?
In Trento province, DOC.
Rosso and Kretzer/Rosato, from 100% Teroldego.
Where is Sorni? types of wine and grapes?
subzone of Trentino DOC;
Bianco: 100% seperately or combined Nosiola, Muller Thurgau, Sylvaner Verde, PB, PG, Chard.
Rosso: 100% seperately or combined Teroldego, Schiave, Lagrein
Where is Isera? Types of wine and grapes?
Subzone of Trentino DOC, Marzemino Superiore from min 85% Marzemino
WHere is Ziresi?
Subzone of Trentino DOC;
Marzemino Superiore, from min 85% Marzemino.
Where is Castel Beseno/Beseno?types of wine and grapes?
Subzone of Trentino DOC;
Bianco/Passito/Vendemmia Tardiva: min 85% Moscato Giallo
Where is Valle di Cembra/Cembra? Type of wines and grapes?
Subzone of Trentino DOC;
Bianco: Muller-Thurgau, Riesling
Rosso: PN, Schiava, Schiava Gentile
Which types of wine and grapes are produced in Trentino DOC?
Bianco/Superiore: min 80% Chard and/or PB, +max 20% Manzoni Bianco, Muller Thurgau and/or SB
Bianco Vendemmia Tardiva: blend of Chard, PB,PG,Riesling Renano, MT, SB, Gew, Nosiola, Moscato Giallo, or solely from Moscato Rosa.
Rosato/Kretzer: at least two of the varieties: Enantio, Schiava, Lagrein, Teroldego
Rosso: 100% Cab S and/or Cab F and/or Merlot
Varietal Wines: min 85% of white: Chard, Moscato Giallo, PG, MT, Nosiola, PB, PG, Rie Italico, Rie Renano, Gew, SB
Red:Cab blend, CabS,CabF, Lagrein, Merlot,PN,Rebo, Marzemino
Two varietal wines: white-Chard,PB,PG,SB; Red-CabF,CabS, Merlot,Lagrein
Vino Santo: min 85% Nosiola
Liquoroso: Moscato Giallo or Moscato Rosa
Which grape variety is Trentino DOC Vino Santo made from?
min 85% Nosiola
Which grapes is Trentino DOC Kretzer made from?
Enantio, Schiava, Lagrein, Teroldego
What are the two terms to describe Trentino DOC Lagrein?
rubino (dunkel) or rosato (kretzer)
What’s the min alcohol of Trentino DOC Liquoroso?
15% abv
What’s the aging requirement for Trentino DOC Vino Santo?
min 3years for Vino Santo; 4years for Vino Santo Superiore.
What’s Bocksbeutel?
a short-necked, bulbous, flattened wine bottle that originated in Germany.It’s commonly used for wines from Franconia, but can also be used for some Portuguese, Italian, and Greek wines.
Which wines in Trentino DOC can be bottled in Bocksbeutel?
liquoroso made from Moscato Giallo or Moscato Rosa
Which suzbones of Trentino DOC produce both white and red?
Sorni, Valle di Cembra
Which subzones of Trentino DOC produce only rosso?
Isera, Ziresi, both from min 85% Marzemino
Which subzone of Trentino DOC only produce white?
Castel Beseno/Beseno;
Bianco/Passito/VT, from min 85% Moscato Giallo.
Where is Valdadige? DOC/DOCG? types of wine and grapes?
Shared between Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige, in Trento, Bolzano, Verona provinces.
Bianco: min 20% alone or combined of PB, PG, Riesling Italico, MT, Chard.
Rosso/Rosato: min 50% Enantio and/or Schiava; Merlot, PN, Lagrein, Teroldego, CabF, CabS.
Varietal: Pinot Grigio, Chard, Schiava
Frizzante: Pinot Bianco and Chardonnay
Schiava based denominations in Trentino Aldo Adige?
Alto Adige DOC Colli di Bolzano,
Alto Adige DOC Meranese,
Alto Adige DOC Santa Maddalena,
Lago di Caldaro/ Kalterersee DOC,
Valdadige DOC Schiava varietal wine
Which denomination in Trentino Alto-Adige produce Merlot donominated wine?
Casteller DOC
Teroldego based denomination in Trentino Alto-Adige ?
Teroldego Rotaliano DOC, rosso and rosato, 100% Teroldego
Marzemino based denominations in Trentino Alto-Adige?
Trentino DOC Isera
Trentino DOC Ziresi
Which denomination produces Moscato Giallo based wine in Trentino Alto-Adige?
Trentino DOC Castel Beseno
Which denominations in Trentino Alto-Adige produce red/Rosato based from Enantio?
Valdadige/Etschtaler DOC
Valdadige Terradeiforti DOC
What’s the climate of Friuli Venezia Giulia?
Warm maritime climate, with high rainfall 1200mm
What’s Terraces called in Friuli Venezia Giulia?
Ronchi
What does Ronchi mean?
Terraces
What’s the synonym of Ribolla Gialla in Slovenia?
Rebula
Vitovska was saved from extinction by which producers?
Edi Kante and Ben Zidarich
Vitovska is a natural cross of which two varieties?
Malvasia Bianco Lunga and Prosecco (from Karst in Slovenia, not Glera)
Which producer is known for Schioppettino?
Rapuzzi Family
Who introduced clean and unoaked wines to Friuli-Venezie-Giulia region? when?
Mario Schiopetto, and others susch as Livio Felluga, in 1960s.
Where is the origin of orange wines in Friuli Venezie-Giulia?
Oslavia of the Collio
What are the aging vessels for orange wines in Friuli?
large barrels, amphora, or Georgian Qvevri.
Name three pioneers of Orange wines in Friuli?
Josko Gravner, Stanko Radikon, Dario Prinčič
Which countries are bordered with Friuli-Venezie-Giulia?
Austria and Slovenia
Which is the largest DOC in Friuli-Venezia-Giulia?
Grave del Friuli DOC
What’s Ponca?
Guildsomm: A friable sedimentary rock with alternating layers of marl and sandstone
一种易碎的沉积岩，由泥灰岩和砂岩交替构成.
WEST: compacted压实的 marl in Friuli is kown as Ponca.
What’s the most important DOC in Friuli for high volume wines?
Grave del Friuli DOC
Good quality wines come from this Friuli DOC on the right bank of the river Isonzo?
Friuli Isonzo DOC
Higher quality wines in Friuli come from which two hillside DOC’s?
Collio DOC and Collio Orientali del Friuli DOC
Altitude of highest quality vineyards in Friuli?
200m
Local varieties of white grapes also planted in Friuli?
Ribolla Gialla, Malvasia di Istria, Verduzzo and Picolit
Local varieties of black grapes also planted in Friuli?
Refosco, Schioppettino, Pignolo, and Tazzelenghe
Former name for Friulano grape variety in Friuli?
Tocai Friulano
The Friuli grape variety Tocai Friulano was renamed because?
EU legislation ruling that the term Tokaj could onlhy be used for this wine style in Hungary.
Areas of Friuli where Ribolla Gialla is grown?
Collio and Colli Orientali
Most planted local black variety planted in Friuli?
Refosco
Style of wines made from Refosco in Friuli?
Highly tannic red wines with red cherry and herbaceous flavours.
The Oslavia sub-region of Collio in Friuli is known for?
production of orange wines in Friuli
Who introduced amphora to Friuli?
Josko Gravner
Maximum yields allowed in Collio DOC in Friuli?
77hl/ha
Which is Friuli’s first DOCG?
Ramandolo DOCG?
Most widely planted black grape varietites in Friuli?
Merlot (15%), Cab F.
Most widely planted white varieties in Friuli?
Pinot Grigio (25%), Friulano (Sauvignonasse), Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
What’s the synonyms of Friulano?
Sauvignonasse, Sauvignon Vert, Tai, Tocai Friulano.
Grape growing hazards in Friuli?
Humidity due to high rainfall means disease is a risk, organic viticulture is challenging in this region.
Which sea is bordering with Friuli-Venezia Giulia?
Adriatic Sea
What’s the meaning of Collio?
it’s “hills” in Italian
What’s the meaning of Brda?
It’s “hills” in Slovenian
What are the terms for Hills in Italian and Slovenian?
Collio and brda
What’s Slovenian word for Carso?
Kras
Which region has the highest precipitation in Italy? What makes it possible for viticulture?
Friuli; the gravelly well-draining soils.
Name the 7 DOCs include the name Friuli?
Friuli (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) DOC
Friuli Annia DOC
Friuli Aquileia DOC
Friuli Colli Orientali DOC
Friuli Grave DOC
Friuli Isonzo (Isonzo del Friuli) DOC
Friuli Latisana DOC
Which DOC allows uniquely for sparkling Ribolla Gialla?
Friuli DOC
What’s the aging requirement of Friuli DOC Spumante?
Spumante: 90days (30days if tank has stirrers); but 12months on lees for vintage-dated Spumante (9months if tank has stirrers).
Spumante Metodo Classico: 9mths second fermentation in bottle, 9months bottle aging (wines are released 2years after harvest).
Spumante Metodo Classico Vinetage-dated: 9months second fermentation in bottle, 30mths total bottle aging, wines are released three years after harvest.
Above all including Ribolla Gialla.
What’s the river in Friuli Colli Orientali?
Judrio River
Which province is Friuli Colli Orientali DOC belong to?
Udine
Which types of wine are produced in Friuli Colli Orientali DOC?
Bianco/ Bianco Dolce: may be comprised of any mix of one or more allowed white varieties, plus Picolit: Chard, Malvasia, PB, PG, Ribolla Gialla, Riesling, SB, Traminer Aromatico, Verduzzo Friulano.
Bianco varietal: min 85%
Rosso: may be comprised of any mix of one or more of the allowed red varieties: CabF,CabS, Merlot, Pignolo, PN, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino, Tazzelenghe.
Rosso varietal: min 85% of the stated variety
Which subzone of Friuli Colli Orientali DOC produces only white wine?
Ribolla Gialla di Rosazzo, from Ribolla Gialla.
Which subzone of Friuli Colli Orientali DOC produces only red wine?
Pignolo di Rosazzo, from Pignolo;
Schioppettino di Prepotto, from Schioppettino;
Refosco di Faedis
Where is Pignolo di Rosazzo? types of wine and grape? aging requirement?
it’s a subzone of Friuli Colli Orientali DOC,
produces rosso from Pignolo variety,
min 4years.
Where is Cialla? types of wine and grapes?
it’s a subzone of Friuli Colli Orientali DOC;
Bianco: any mix of Picolit, Ribolla Gialla, and/or Verduzzo Friulano.
Rosso: mix of Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, and/or Schioppettino
Why is Ramandolo cold but can still produces sweet wines?
It’s sheltered by the rocky walls of Mount Bernadia, which radiate heat and reflect sunlight, helping ripen the grapes.
What’s the synonym of Verduzzo Friulano in Ramandolo?
Verduzzo Giallo
What’s the full name of Collio DOC?
Collio Goriziano DOC
Which province is Collio DOC belong to?
Gorizia, so it’s also called Collio Goriziano DOC
Where is Collio Goriziano? DOC or DOCG? Types of wine?
In Friuli, DOC,
White, red from native and international varieties;
3/4 from 4 white grapes: Pinto Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc, Ribolla Gialla, Friulano.
Bianco:Chard, Friulano, Malvasia, Muller-Thurgau, Picolit, PB, PG, Ribolla, Riesling, Rie Italico, Sauvignon, Traminer Aromatico;
Rosso: CabF, CabS, Merlot, PN
Where is Oslavia? terroir and grape? Style?
It’s a subzone in the east of Collio, sunniest part, known for Ribolla Gialla;
higher elevation and large diurnal shift produce wines with strong aromatics and perfume.
WHere is San Floriano del Collio? Terroir, grape, style?
It’s a subzone of Collio DOC,
Hiest elevation at 250m, known for Ribolla Gialla, Friulano, Sauvignon;
Fresh, live style.
Where is Cormons?Terroir, grape?
The largest town in Collio, lower altitude, wetter; known for Tocai Friulano.
Who bottled the first varietal Tocai? in which year?
Mario Schiopetto, in 1965
Which is the norhternmost commune of Collio?
Dolegna del Collio
Where is Dolegna del Collio?Terroir, grapes, style?
It’s the northernmost commune of Collio,
coolest and rainiest,
Sauvignon, PB, Ribolla Gialla,
Aromatic whites.
Who released the first Picolit and Ribolla Gialla grappe? when?
Nonino, First Picolit in 1973; Ribolla Gialla in 1974.
What’s the award launched by Noninos? What’s the purpose? Who was the first to be awarded?
1)Premio Nonino Risit d’Âur (Gold Vine Shoot) in 1975,
2)to encourage those who were working to preserve Friuli’s native grape varieties and culture.
3)Dina and Paolo Rapuzzi for their efforts with Schioppettino.
Which DOC across Isonzo River?
Carso DOC/ Kras
Which river flows through Carso DOC?
Isonzo River
Another name for Carso DOC? Types of wine? Key varieties?
Kras DOC
Bianco: Malvasia Istriana, Vitovska;
Rosso: min 70% Terrano, and min 85% Terrano for Classico wines.
What are the characteristics of Terrano variety?
High acidity, strong, mineral, with flavors of violets and black fruits.
Which denomination is known for Terrano variety?Why?
Carso/Kras DOC, in Friuli;
Terrano grape does well in the iron-rich soils of Carso.
What’s the soil of Friuli Grave DOC?
gravel soils
Which is the farther south “Friuli” DOC?
Friuli Isonzo DOC
What’s the climate in Friuli Isonzo DOC? wine style?
warmer, drier, sunnier; so rich and powerful style wine.
Which is the coastal “Friuli” DOC?
Friuli Aquileia DOC
