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Australia Flashcards

1
Q

Name four famous family-owned wineries which were founded in the 1840s?

A

Lindeman’s 1843
Penfolds 1844
Orlando Wines 1847
Yalumba 1849

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2
Q

Where and when was the first vineyard planted in Australia?

A

In the Swan River Colony of Western Australia, in 1830.

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3
Q

Who is Captain Arthur Phillip?

A

He first landed the Fleet舰队 and founded the penal colony and Australia’s first permanent European settlement.

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3
Q

Who first landed in Australia and founded the penal colony流放地 and Australia’s first permanent European settlement. ? When? Landed where?

A

Captain Arthur Phillip; in 1788;
In Sydney, New South Wales.

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4
Q

Which country is the fourth-largest wine exporter in terms of volume?

A

Australia (behind Italy, Spain, France)

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5
Q

Which is Australia’s largest export market by value? Which is the largest by volume?

A

USA (over 20%); UK (35%)

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6
Q

Who made Australia’s first wines labeled by variety?

A

Maurice O’Shea

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7
Q

Who introduced the Shiraz-Based “Grange Hermitage? Which was the first vintage?

A

Max Schubert (in Adelaide), in 1951 vintage.

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8
Q

What’s Langton’s Classification?

A

It’s Classification of Australian Wine created in 1991, by Lanton’s-Australia’s leading wine auction house, to detail top-performing investment-grade Australian wines.

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8
Q

Who founded Mt. Pleasant? Where and when?

A

Maurice O’Shea in Hunter Valley in 1925

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9
Q

Which period was Max Schubert working at Penfolds?

A

1948-1975

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10
Q

How many “First Classified” wines in Langton’s classification by eighth Edition 2023? how many for “Classified” category?

A

21 wines; 79 wines.

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11
Q

Which was the first vintage of Hill of Grace? Who is the producer?

A

1958; Henschke.

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12
Q

Name 3 Pinot Noir wines rated as First Classified wines in Langton’s Classification 8th Edition?

A

Bass Phillip Reserve Pinot Noir, Gippsland, Victoria
Bindi Block 5 Pinot Noir, Macedon Ranges, Victoria
Mount Mary Pinot Noir, Yarra Valley, Victoria.

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13
Q

Name the only one Semillon ranted as First Classified wine in Langton’s Classification?

A

Tyrrell’s Vat 1 Semillon

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14
Q

Name two wines from NSW ranted as First Classified wines in Langton’s Classification?

A

Brokenwood Graveyard Shiraz, Hunter Valley
Tyrrell’s Vat 1 Semillon, Hunter Valley

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15
Q

Name two wines from Western Australia ranted as First Classified wines in Langton’s Classification?

A

Cullen Diana Madeline, Margaret River;
Leeuwin Estate Art Series Chardonnay, Margaret River.

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16
Q

Name two Chardonnay ranted as First Classified wine in Langton’s Classification?

A

Giaconda Estate Chardonnay, Beechworth, Victoria;
Penfolds Yattarna Chardonnay, South Eastern Australia.

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17
Q

Name the only two sparkling wines ranted Langton’s Classified wines?

A

Arras E.J.Carr Late Disgorged, Tasmania
Rockford Black Sparkling Shiraz, Barossa Shiraz, South Australia

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18
Q

Name 4 wines ranted as Langton’s Classified wines from Tasmania?

A

Arras E.J. Carr Late Disgorged
Domaine A Cabernet Sauvignon
Tolpuddle Chardonnay
Tolpuddle Pinot Noir

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19
Q

Name the only one wine ranted Langton’s classified wine from Australian Capital Territory?

A

Clonakilla, Shiraz Viognier, Canberra

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20
Q

Name the only one Langton’s first classified wine from Grampians?

A

Best’s Great Western Thomson Family Shiraz, Grampians, Victoria

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21
Q

Name the only one Langton’s first classified wine from Gippsland?

A

Bass Phillip Reserve Pinot Noir, Gippsland, Victoria

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22
Q

Name the only one Langton’s first classified wine from Macedon Ranges?

A

Bindi Block 5 Pinot Noir, Macedon Ranges, Victoria

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23
Q

Name the only one Langton’s first classified wine from Beechworth?

A

Giaconda Estate Chardonnay, Beechworth, Victoria

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24
Q

Where is Henschke located? Which two wines are ranted Langton’s first classified wines?

A

In Eden Valley, South Australia;
Hill of Grace and Mount Edelstone.

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25
Q

Name three wines ranted as Langton’s first classified wine from Yarra Valley?

A

Mount Mary Quintet, Yarra Valley, Victoria
Mount Mary Pinot Noir, Yarra Valley, Victoria
Yarra Yering, Dry Red #1, Yarra Valley, Victoria

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26
Q

Name the four wines from Penfolds ranted as Langton’s first classified wines ?

A

Bin 389 Cabernet Shiraz, South Australia
Bin 707 Cabernet Sauvignon, South Australia
Bin 95 Grange, South Australia
Yattarna Chardonnay, South Eastern Australia

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27
Q

Where is Torbreck located? Which of its wine ranted as Langton’s first classified wine?

A

From Barossa Valley; RunRIg Shiraz

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28
Q

Which two wines from Barossa ranted as Langton’s first classified wines?

A

Rockford Basket Press Shiraz, Barossa Valley, South Australia
Torbreck RunRIg Shiraz, Barossa Valley, South Australia

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29
Q

Where is Wendouree from? Which wine is ranted as Langton’s first classified wine?

A

In Clare Valley, South Australia;
Wendouree Shiraz

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30
Q

Where is Clarendon Hills located? Which level in Langton’s classification for which wine?

A

McLaren Vale;
Astralis, Lanton’s classified wine.

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30
Q

Where is Wynns from? Which wine is ranted as Langton’s first classified wine?

A

From Coonawarra; Wynns John Riddoch.

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31
Q

Where is By Farr from? Which two wines are Langton’s classified wines?

A

From Geelong, Victoria;
By Farr Sangreal Pinot Noir
By Farr Tout Pres Pinot Noir

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32
Q

Name two Rieslings were ranked as Langton’s classified wines?

A

Crawford River Riesling, Henty, Victoria
Grosset Polilsh Hill Riesling, Clare Valley, South Australia

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33
Q

Name the only sweet wine ranked as Langton’s classified wine?

A

De Bortoli Noble One, Riverina, NSW

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34
Q

Name four wines of Penfolds ranked as Langton’s classified wines?

A

Bin 407 Cabernet Sauvignon, South Australia
RWT Shiraz, Barossa Valley
Bin A Chardonnay, Adelaide Hills
St. Henry Shiraz, South Australia

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35
Q

Which are the top five varieties in Australia?

A

Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, Semillon.

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36
Q

When was Wine Australia established?

A

In 1981.

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36
Q

To label a variety, vintage or region, how many% minimum of the stated grape, year, or region has to be contained in Australian wines?

A

85%

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37
Q

When did Australian goverment sign the agreement with EU to prohibit the use of European geographical names on Australian labels? What did this protection result?

A

In 1993; The Australian appellation system was born, and the first GIs rolled out in 1994.

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38
Q

When did the first GIs roll out?

A

In 1994

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38
Q

Which term replaced Tokay and Sherry in Australia?

A

Topaque replaced Tokay;
Apera replaced Sherry.

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39
Q

What’s AWRI? Where is it based?

A

Australian Wine Research Institute, in Adelaide.

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39
Q

By which year the “Tokay” used by Rutherglen were phased out?

A

By 2020.

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40
Q

What’s CSIRO?

A

Commonwealth英联邦 Scientific & Industrial Research Organization, in Adelaide.

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41
Q

Name the two restrictive限制性的irrigation techniques created by Australian?

A

RDI: regulated deficit irrigation (deficit缺少)调节性缺水灌溉;
PRD: partial rootzone drying technique 部分根区干燥的限制性灌溉.

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42
Q

How did South Australia avoid phylloxera? in which year?

A

By quickly implementing实施 a total ban on imported vine material,
In 1874.

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43
Q

Which is the capital of South Australia?

A

Adelaide

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44
Q

How many % of the total national production of Australian wines are produced from South Australia?

A

Near 50%

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45
Q

Name two Australia’s largest wine group based in South Australia?

A

Accolade Wines (belongs to American Carlyle Group凯雷私募投资集团)
Premium Wine Brands, belongs to Pernod Ricard.

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46
Q

Which zones are included in the Super Zone Adelaide?

A

Mount Lofty Ranges, Barossa, Fleurieu

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47
Q

Which is the Barossa’s first commercial winery? Founded by who, when, where?

A

Orlando Wines,
By Bavarian immigrant Johann Gramp, in 1847, along the banks of Jacob’s Creek in Rowland Flat.

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48
Q

Name the world’s oldest Syrah/Shiraz vineyard? Where and when was it planted?

A

Langmeil’s Freedom vineyard, planted in Barossa in 1843.

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48
Q

Who owns the world’s oldest Mataro vineyard? Where and when was it planted?

A

Hewitson produces Mataro from the Koch Family’s “Old Garden” vineyards;
In in 1853, in Barossa.

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49
Q

What’s “Barossa Old Vine Charter”巴罗萨老藤宪章? It was developed based on which model?

A

A self-regulated classification of vineyard age in the region.
Based on a model developed internally by Yalumba.

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50
Q

Which are the four categories for vines based on Barossa Old Vine Charter?

A

Old: at least 35 years of age;
Survivor: at least 70 years of age;
Centenarian: at least 100 years of age;
Ancestor祖先: at least 125 years of age.

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51
Q

Who owns Australia’s oldest plot of Cabernet Sauvignon vines? Where and when was it planted?

A

Penfolds’ Block 42,
In Kalimna in the northern Barossa Valley, in 1888.

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52
Q

Who owns the world’s oldest Grenache vineyard? Where and when was it planted?

A

Cirillo, planted in 1850, in Barossa, 3 ha.

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52
Q

Barossa zone is divided into which two parallel valleys? Which is warmer?

A

Barossa Valley GI and Eden Valley GI;
Barossa Valley is 2-3degrees (Celsius) warmer than Eden Valley.

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53
Q

Which is Australia’s largest fine wine region?

A

Barossa Valley

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54
Q

Which are the four largest region by volume?

A

Riverland, Riverina, Murray Darling, Barossa Valley.

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55
Q

Which is the Australia’s pioneer of fortified wines?

A

Seppeltsfield

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55
Q

What’s the climate and soil in Barossa Valley?

A

Warm Continental (hot and dry, Region III), deep and loamy clay soils.

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56
Q

Who is the producer of “100 Year Old Para Liqueur”? Where is it located? What’s the wine

A

Seppeltsfield; in Barossa Valley

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56
Q

Which was the first vintage of Torbreck’s The Laird? What’s the grape variety?

A

2005; Shiraz.

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57
Q

Who is the producer of Australia’s first “Sparkling Burgundy”? Where and when? Who popularized the style?

A

Edmund Mazure; in Adelaide Hills in 1888.
Great Western in Victoria.

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57
Q

Name the top Shiraz from Barossa Valley?

A

Penfolds Grange;
Elderton’s the Command;
Torbreck’s RunRig, The Laird领主.

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58
Q

How is Sparkling shiraz made? Sweet level in general?

A

A base shiraz is fermented to dryness and aged in oak before second fermentation in tank (traditional method is rare); sweetness is added through a small dosage of Australian Tawny.
Most examples are at least semi-sweet in style.

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59
Q

Which is Barossa’s second-most planted variety ?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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59
Q

Which producers are the best examples of Sparkling Shiraz?

A

Rockford and Peter Rumball

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59
Q

What’s the classic breakfast wine and food for Australian?

A

Sparkling Shiraz and bacon-and-egg rolls.

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59
Q

Who was the first wine producer in Eden Valley? When was it established?

A

Englishman Joseph Gilbert, planted Pewsey Vale vineyard in 1847.

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60
Q

Which wine is Barossa’s top example of Semillon?

A

Peter Lehmann’s Margaret, sourced from a 1929 Semillon vineyard.

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61
Q

What’s the grape variety of Peter Lehmann’s Margaret? Which GI?

A

Old vine Semillon planted in 1929, Barossa.

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62
Q

Where is Hill of Grace located? How many hectares? When was it planted?

A

In Eden Valley-Barossa region;
8 hectares planted in 1860

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63
Q

What’s the terroir and wine style of Eden Valley compare to Barossa Valley?

A

Higher elevation 400-600m, cooler, only 1/5 of the vineyard acreage of Barossa Valley.
Soils: red clay and granite (poor, rocky, rough soils).
Shiraz here is more elegance, spice, and red fruit character.

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64
Q

Which is the most famous wine produced from Eden Valley?

A

Henschke’s Single vineyard shiraz “Hill of Grace” planted in 1860.

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65
Q

What does it mean if a wine labeled Barossa rather than Barossa Valley?

A

It’s signifying the zone rather than the region may include some fruits from Eden Valley which add acidity and elegance.

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66
Q

Name the pioneering producer of Chardonnay in High Eden?

A

Mountadam in 1970s.

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67
Q

Name the subregion of Eden Valley?

A

High Eden GI.

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68
Q

Who is the producer of Mt. Edelstone? Which grape variety from where?

A

Henschke, shiraz from 100-year-old in further north of Eden Valley.

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69
Q

Which part of Eden Valley produces more Riesling?

A

The cooler southern sectors of Eden Valley

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70
Q

Why do many wineries in Fleurieu adopt organic and biodynamic farming? How many %?

A

Because of its windy, dry and warm climate reduces fungal disease.
1/4 of the GI’s wineries are certified organic.

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71
Q

What’s the climate in Fleurie?

A

Windy, warm, dry

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72
Q

Name the five regions in Fleurieu zone? Which is the most imortant region ?

A

McLaren Vale, Southern Fleurieu, Langhorne Creek, Currency Creek, Kangaroo Island;
McLaren Vale.

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73
Q

What are the main rules for Scarce Earth wines?

A

1) Wines are released on the 1st of May the year after the harvest;
2) Wines must be produced from vines at least 10years of age;
3) Wines may not be excessively shaded by oak.

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74
Q

Which flavor is often found in McLaren Vale Shiraz?

A

Iron notes perhaps from the ironstone and red sandstone soil.

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75
Q

Where is Clarendon? What’s the terroir?

A

It’s in the most northeastern area of McLaren Vale in Fleurieu zone, in Adelaide super zone.
It’s the coolest area in McLaren Vale, grapes may be harvested a month after grapes sourced from western McLaren Vale where is warmer.

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76
Q

Name three key producers of Scarce Earth?

A

D’Arenberg, Chapel Hill教堂山, Gemtree宝石树

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77
Q

What’s the “Scarce Earth” program?

A

A new project that seeks to recognize the hallmarks 特点of individual sites旨在识别各个产地的特色, who allows members of McLaren Vale Sustanable Winegrowing Australia(MVSWGA) to submit Shiraz from single site to an annual tasting panel for approval as “Scarce Earth” Wines.

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77
Q

Which grape varieties are the most planted in McLaren Vale? Which is the most planted white grape?

A

Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon;
Chardonnay.

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78
Q

Which is the most exciting grape variety in McLaren Vale?

A

Grenache

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79
Q

Where is Blewitt Springs?

A

Northern region of McLaren Vale, has some of the oldest vines with sandier soils, particularly good for Grenache variety.

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80
Q

Where does Grenache perform well in McLaren Vale?

A

Sandier areas of Blewitt Springs and Kangarilla.

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81
Q

Where is Southern Fleurieu GI? What’s the micro-climate?

A

Due south of McLaren Vale, on the Fleurieu Peninsula in Adelaide super Zone.
Warmer and drier than Currency Creek.

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81
Q

Which is the Fleurieu zone’s smallest GI? What’s the acreage of vines in this GI?

A

Kangaroo Island; 150ha.

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81
Q

Where is Metala winery located?

A

In Langhorne Creek GI in Fleurie in Adelaide super zone.

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82
Q

Which is the longest-running producer in Longhorne Creek GI? When was it established?

A

Metala, established in 1890

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83
Q

Where is Currency Creek GI?

A

Southwest of Langhorne Creek.

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84
Q

Which region is the principal source of Jacob’s Creek brand?

A

Langhorne Creek

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85
Q

What’s the climate of McLaren Vale GI?

A

Warm Mediterranean (with substantial variation) Region III.

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85
Q

Which level of wines are mainly produced from Langhorne Creek GI?

A

The flat region is more associated with large-scale, machine-harvested operations rather than smaller premium wineries.

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86
Q

Name four famous producers based in Clare Valley? And their established year?

A

Birks Wendouree 1892;
Jim Barry 1959;
Grosset 1981;
Kilikanoon 1997

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87
Q

Where is Jim Barry located?

A

Clare Valley, founded in 1959

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88
Q

Where is Grosset winery located?

A

In Clare Valley, founded in 1981

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89
Q

Which is the northernmost GI within the Mount Lofty Ranges zone?

A

Clare Valley

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89
Q

Where is Birks Wendouree winery located? When was it established? Wine style?

A

In Clare Valley, within Mounty Lofty Ranges Zone, Adelaide Super Zone;
In 1892;
Classical style, ageworthy red wines.

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90
Q

Name the 3 GIs in Mount Lofty Ranges Zone?

A

Adelaide Hills, Adelaide Plains, Clare Valley

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91
Q

Name the two sub GIs in Adelaide Hills?

A

Lenswood, Piccadilly Valley

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92
Q

Why has Clare Valley cooler climate?

A

Due to its higher elevation 400-600m.

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93
Q

What’s the climate in Clare Valley?

A

In Region II, cooler, dry, low growing season rainfall, significant diurnal variation.

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94
Q

Which is the most and second-most planted red variety in Clare Valley? Which is the signature white grape variety?

A

Shiraz is the most, Cabernet Sauvignon is the second-most planted.
Riesling.

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95
Q

Which is the more common red blend in Clare Valley?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and Malbec

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96
Q

Which is the classical bottling for Cabernet-Malbec in Clare Valley?

A

Wendouree Cabernet-Malbec

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96
Q

Where is Polish Hill located? What’s it famous for? What’s the soil type?

A

In Clare Valley, within Mount Lofty Ranges in Adelaide.
Famous for Riesling; similar to the Devonian blue slate in Mosel.

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97
Q

Where is Watervale located? What’s it famous for?

A

In Clare Valley, within Mount Lofty Ranges in Adelaide.
Famous for Riesling.

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97
Q

Name two better areas of Riesling in Clare Valley?

A

Watervale and Polish Hill

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98
Q

Name the top bottling of Riesling in Clare Valley?

A

Grosset’s Polish Hill

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98
Q

What’s the elevation of Mount Lofty Ranges ?

A

727m

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99
Q

Where is Adelaide Hills GI located?

A

Directly south of Barossa, nestled between the ridges of the South Mount Lofty Ranges.

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100
Q

How many % of white grapes are planted in Adelaide Hills?

A

70% are white grapes

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101
Q

What’s the climate in Adelaide Hills?

A

Cool and wet

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101
Q

Where is Piccadilly Valley GI?

A

Within Adelaide Hills, in Mount Lofty Ranges, in Adelaide super zone.

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102
Q

Where did Petaluma plant the Adelaide Hills’ first modern commercial vineyard? When?

A

In Piccadilly Valley GI within Adelaide Hills; in 1976.

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103
Q

Which grape variety is dominant in Piccadilly Valley?

A

Chardonnay

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104
Q

Which are the top red varieties in Adelaide Hills?

A

Pinot Noir and Shiraz

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104
Q

Where is Lenswood GI? What’s the most planted variety in this GI?

A

Within Adelaide Hills; Sauvignon Blanc

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105
Q

Which is the coolest and wettest region within Adelaide Super Zone? Which region is the warmest and driest?

A

Adelaide Hills is the coolest and wettest; whereas Adelaide Plains is the warmest and driest.

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106
Q

Which are the two largest wineries in Adelaide Hills GI?

A

Petaluma and Shaw+Smith

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106
Q

Where is the “home” of Max Schubert’s first experiments with Grange?

A

Penfolds’ historic Magill Estate, just a few miles outside of Adelaide Plains.

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107
Q

Name the 6 GIs within Limestone Coast Zone?

A

Mount Benson, Robe, Padthaway, Wrattonbully, Coonawarra, Mount Gambier

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107
Q

Where can Terra Rossa found? What’s this soil composed?

A

Coonawarra, La Mancha;
Clay loam rinted red by iron oxide;
It has good water retention to support the vines’ roots through dry summers.

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108
Q

What’s the climate of Coonawarra?

A

Cool Mediterranean Climate

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108
Q

Which winery owns half of Coonawarra’s entire vineyards?

A

Wynns

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109
Q

Name the top bottling produced by Wynns? Since which vintage?

A

John Riddoch since 1982

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110
Q

Who is the producer of John Riddoch? Where is it produced and from which grape variety?

A

Wynns;
Made from Cabernet Sauvignon, in Coonawarra.

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110
Q

Where is Penola located?

A

In Coonawarra

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111
Q

Which is the last of Australia’s first-tier winegrowing region to earn formal GI status? In Which year?

A

Coonawarra, in 2003 (因为红土争议边界问题)

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112
Q

Which are the key grape varieties in Mount Benson GI and Robe GI?

A

Shiraz is the most important grape in both GIs; with Cab S, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay.

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113
Q

Where is Robe GI ?

A

Within Limestone Coast Zone, South Australia.

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114
Q

Where is Mount Benson GI?

A

Within Limestone Coast Zone, South Australia

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115
Q

Where is Mount Gambier GI? What’s the climate? Key grape varieties?

A

It’s in Limestone Coast zone in South Australia;
Cooler maritime climate;
Pinot Noir and Sauvignon Blanc.

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115
Q

Name three Australia’s largest value brands based in Riverland GI?

A

Berri, Oxford Landing, Banrock Station

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116
Q

Which is the second-largest family-owned winery in Australia? Where is it located?

A

Kingston Estate in Riverland GI South Australia.

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117
Q

Which GI is home to the largest single planting of Petit Verdot in Australia? How many hectares and farmed by which Estate?

A

Riverland GI; 100 ha; by Kingston Estate.

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118
Q

Which are the most planted grape varieties in Riverland GI? Any other grape varieites?

A

Chardonnay and Shiraz are neck and neck.
There are colorful grape varieties: Petit Manseng, Vermentino, Mentepulciano, Petit Verdot…

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119
Q

Where is Riverland GI ?

A

Northeast of South Australia

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120
Q

How many % of Australia’s national production is produced in Riverland GI?

A

1/4 One-quarter.

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121
Q

Which is the capital city of New South Wales?

A

Sydney

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122
Q

Where is the site of Australia’s first vineyards? When did the vines born fruit?

A

New South Wales; in 1791.

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123
Q

Which is Australia’s now-oldest continuously operating winery? When and where was it established? By who?

A

Wyndham Estate, in 1828 in Hunter Valley, by George Wyndham.

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123
Q

Who is the mantle “father” of the Australian wine industry?

A

Scottish-born botanist植物学家James Busby.

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124
Q

Who planted Australia’s first commercial Shiraz? When?

A

George Wyndham in 1830.

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125
Q

When did Phylloxera apprear in Australia? Where?

A

In vineyards near Sydney in 1884, in those surrounding Albury on the north bank of the Murray.

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126
Q

What stimulated the development of Australia’s wine industry?

A

The discovery of gold in 1851

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127
Q

Where is McWilliams located?

A

In Riverina region

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127
Q

Did Hunter Valley attacked by Phyloxera?

A

No

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128
Q

Name the largest family-owned producer in Riverina?

A

McWilliams

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129
Q

Who is Maurice O’Shea?

A

Maurice O’Shea, the first great Australian winemaker of the 1900s, produced Hunter Valley Shiraz table wines (labeled as “Hunter Burgundy”) for McWilliams’ Mt. Pleasant until his death in 1956.

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129
Q

Which winery planted Riverina’s first grapevines? When?

A

By McWilliams in 1913

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130
Q

When did Penfolds enter Riverina region?

A

In 1919.

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131
Q

Which are the major climatic features in New South Wales?

A

Pacific Ocean and The Great Dividing Range大分水岭

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131
Q

When was De Bortoli established?

A

1928

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132
Q

Which Zones of NSW is on the east of the Great Dividing Range and affected by the Pacific Ocean (Coastal Zones)? What’s the climate in the Coastal Zones?

A

South Coast, Northern Rivers, Hunter;
Humid, high rainfall in summer, warm.

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133
Q

Where is Rothbury?

A

It’s an unofficial sub-region in Lower Hunter, Hunter GI, Hunter Valley.

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133
Q

Which Zones are on the western side of The Great Dividing Range? What’s the climate?

A

Big Rivers, Western Plains;
Because the Great Dividing Range blocks western areas from rainfall and cooling maritime breezes, so the climate here is arid and hotter.

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133
Q

Where is The Great Dividing Range?

A

In New South Wales;
A complex of mountain chains running along the entire coastline of NSW
大分水岭是澳大利亚东部新南威尔士州以北山脉和高原的总称, 这条山脉和高原像一座天然屏障，挡住了太平洋吹来的暖湿空气，使得大分水岭东坡较陡，降水丰富，气候湿润；而西坡较缓，处于背风位置，气候干旱.

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134
Q

Where is Broke Fordwich located?

A

It’s the sub-region GI within Lower Hunter, in Hunter GI, Hunter Valley Zone.

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134
Q

Where is Allandale?

A

It’s an unofficial sub-region in Lower Hunter, Hunter GI, Hunter Valley.

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134
Q

Where is Dalwood?

A

It’s an unofficial sub-region in Lower Hunter, Hunter GI, Hunter Valley.

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134
Q

Where is Belford?

A

It’s an unofficial sub-region in Lower Hunter, Hunter GI, Hunter Valley.

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135
Q

Where is Tyrrel’s located?

A

Pokolbin GI in Lower Hunter, in Hunter GI, in Hunter Valley Zone

136
Q

Where is McWilliam’s Mt. Pleasant?

A

Pokolbin GI in Lower Hunter, in Hunter GI, in Hunter Valley Zone

137
Q

Name the GI within Hunter Valley Zone?

A

Hunter GI

137
Q

What’s the climate of Hunter Valley?

A

Hot sub-tropical and humid climate亚热带湿润气候

138
Q

Name five wineries based in Lower Hunter Valley?

A

McWilliam’s Mt. Pleasant, Tyrrel’s, Brokenwood, Thomas Wines, Audrey Wilkinson

139
Q

Where did Penfolds establish 250ha of vines in The Upper Hunter Valley GI?

A

At Wybong

139
Q

Name the three sub-regions within Hunter GI?

A

Upper Hunter Valley, Broke Fordwich, Pokolbin.

140
Q

Which is South Australia’s warmest GI?

A

Riverland

141
Q

Which region is Upper Hunter Valley according to Winkler’s Scale? Which style of wine is produced here ?

A

Region IV (hotter than Riverland); fortified wine.

142
Q

What’s the wine style of Hunter Valley? Why it has this style ?

A

Elegant, low to moderate-alchol styles of wine;
Early harvest

143
Q

Which are the main grape varieties in Hunter Valley?

A

Semillon, Chardonnay, Verdelho, Shiraz

144
Q

Who made Hunter Valley’s first varietal bottling of Chardonnay? When? Which wine?

A

Tyrrell’s, in 1971, Vat 47 Pinot Chardonnay

144
Q

Which GI is the oldest region in Central Ranges?

A

Mudgee GI

144
Q

What does Hunter Riesling refer to?

A

Hunter Valley Semillon

145
Q

Describe the classic style of Hunter Valley Semillon?

A

Austere, fairly low in alchol (10-12%abv), high acidity, typically harvested at the end of January or first week of Feb, at Baumé levels of 9-12°.
It’s quickly bottled in June or July with remaining carbon dioxide, no oak, no lees stirring, aged for several years before release.

145
Q

Name two top bottlings of Hunter Valley Semillon?

A

Tyrrel’s Vat 1; Brokenwood’s ILR Reserve

146
Q

Where is Central Ranges Zone? Name its three GIs?

A

In NSW; Mudgee, Orange, Cowra

147
Q

Which varieties are performing well in Lower Hunter Valley? What’s the soil there?

A

Shiraz on Red volcanic soils;
Semillon on white Alluvial sands soils.

148
Q

What’s the altitude and climate in Mudgee GI compare to Hunter?

A

400-500m higher; drier, sunnier, less humid climate with greater diurnal shifts than Hunter GI.
Harvest one month later than Lower Hunter Valley.

149
Q

Which color of grapes are more important in Mudgee? Which are the key grape varieties?

A

Red grapes 73%;
Red: Cab S, Shiraz, Merlot; White: Chardonnay

150
Q

Where is Orange GI located?

A

Southwest of Mudgee, in Central Ranges Zone, NSW.

150
Q

which is the coolest and youngest GI in Central Ranges?

A

Orange

151
Q

What’s the elevation of Orange GI?

A

Begins at 600m-1000m (one of highest elevation in Australia)

151
Q

What’s the soil in Orange?

A

Basalt soils 玄武岩

152
Q

Where is the highest point in Orange GI?

A

Mount Canobolas卡诺博拉斯山(死火山extinct volcano)

153
Q

Where is Mount Canobolas?

A

In Orange GI, Central Ranges, NSW

154
Q

Who planted Orange’s first modern vineyard? When?

A

Bloodwood, in 1983.

155
Q

Which are the key grape varieties in Orange?

A

Cab S, Shiraz, Merlot, Chardonnay.

155
Q

Which is the shouthermost and warmest GI in Central Ranges? Why is it southernmost but warmest?

A

Cowra GI; because of its lower elevation than the other two GIs

155
Q

What’s the climate in Orange?

A

Cool mountain climate

156
Q

Which style of wine is best known from Cowra?

A

Soft, generous styles of Chardonnay

156
Q

Which two zones are nearly span the entirely of the New South Wales coastline?

A

South Coast Zone, and Northern Rivers Zone

157
Q

Where is Northern Slopes?

A

It’s a zone within in NSW

157
Q

Where is New England Australia GI located?

A

?? Where is New England Australia GI located?
Within Norhtern Slopes Zone in NSW, northwest of Hastings River.

158
Q

Name the two GIs within South Coast?

A

Shoalhaven Coast GI; Southern Highlands GI

158
Q

Where is Northern Rivers ? Name the GI within it? Where is it located?

A

It’s a zone within NSW;
Hastings River GI
Lies on the coast east of NSW.

158
Q

Which GI is best known for Chambourcin?

A

Shoalhaven Coast GI within South Coast in NSW.

158
Q

What’s the climate in Norhtern River and Hastings River GI?

A

Hot, Region V; Has most rainfall in Australia.

158
Q

Where is South Coast?

A

It’s a Zone within NSW (southeastern coastline only 75miles south of Sydney)

158
Q

Which is the most planted grape variety in Riverina GI?

A

Chardonnay

159
Q

Which wine is best known for Shoalhaven Coast GI?

A

Chambourcin, a red French hybrid.

159
Q

Where is Southern Highlands GI? Which is the most planted grape in this GI?

A

Within South Coast Zone, in NSW; Tempranillo

160
Q

Where is Big Rivers?

A

It’s a Zone located the Victorian border, southwest of NSW

160
Q

Which is the largest single GI in Australia? Which is the top-producing Zone in Australia?

A

The largest GI is South Australia’s Riverland GI;
Big Rivers is the top-producing Zone.

161
Q

Name two most famous produers in Riverina?

A

McWilliam’s and De Bortoli

162
Q

Name the big rivers in Big Rivers zone?

A

Murray穆雷, Murrumbidgee墨累河

162
Q

What does ACT refer to? Which zone is it encompassed?

A

Australian Capital Territory; it’s within the Southern New South Wales zone in NSW

163
Q

Which is the largest family-owned wine company in Australia? When and where was it established?

A

Casella; 1969 in Riverina (Big Rivers, NSW)

163
Q

Which is the most important growing region in the Southern New South Wales zone?

A

Canberra District GI

163
Q

What’s the most well known brands of Casella?

A

Yellow Tail, Peter Lehmann

164
Q

Who is the producer of Noble One Botrytis Semillon? What’s the first vinetage? Where is it produced?

A

De Bortoli; 1982 in Riverina GI, Big Rivers Zone, NSW.

164
Q

Which zone of NSW is located within the Great Dividing Range?

A

Southern New South Wales Zone.

165
Q

Who produced Canberra District’s first commercial vintage? When?

A

Clonakilla, in 1976

165
Q

Who planted Clonakilla Vineyard? Where?

A

John Kirk in Murrumbateman, in Caberra District GI, Southern New South Wales zone.

165
Q

What’s the climate in Canberra District GI?

A

It sets against the backdrop of the Snowy Mountains, mild-continental climate, similar to Northern Rhone Valley.

166
Q

Who planted Australia’s first Gruner Veltliner vineyard? Where?

A

Lark Hill, in Canberra District GI, Southern New South Wales

166
Q

What’s the style of Clonakilla’s Shiraz-Viognier? When was it first released?

A

Red fruit, flowers, spice modeled on Cote-Rotie; first release in 1992.

167
Q

Who is John Kirk?

A

Founder of Clonakilla

168
Q

Where is Hilltops GI?

A

Northwest of Canberra District, within Southern New South Wales Zone

168
Q

Which region in new world producer very similar style wine of Cote Rotie?

A

Canberra District in NSW Australia

168
Q

What are the differences between Canberra District and Hilltops Shiraz?

A

Hilltops, warmer: deeper color, lower acid, more robust tannins and darker fruit;
Canberra District: mild-continental: floral, spicy, elega

169
Q

Which river is flowing through Gundagai GI?

A

Murrumbidgee

169
Q

What’s the climate of Hilltops GI? What are the key grape varieties?

A

Warm continental;
Cab S and Shiraz, account fo 80% of the total vineyard acreage.

170
Q

Which type of wine is famous for Tumbarumba GI? Which are the key grape varieties?

A

Sparkling wines; Chardonnay and Pinot Noir accounted for 90%

170
Q

Where is Gundagai GI located?

A

Hilltop’s southern border, west of Canberra District, within Southern New South Wales Zone.

170
Q

Name 4 GIs in Southern New South Wales Zone?

A

Canberra District GI, Hilltops, Gundagai, Tumbarumba

171
Q

Where is Tumbarumba GI?

A

South of Gundagai, within Southern New South Wales
Within the foothills of the Snowy Mountains, ricky for frost.

171
Q

When and where did the gold rushes begin in Australia?

A

In 1851 at Ballarat, Bendigo in Victoria

171
Q

Which is th ecapital city of Victoria?

A

Melbourne

171
Q

Name the 6 Zones of Victoria?

A

Northwest Victoria, Western Victoria, Central Victoria, Port Phillip, North East Victoria, Gippsland.

171
Q

What’s the climate in Tumbarumba GI?

A

Cooler climate

172
Q

Which is Australia’s most densely populated state?

A

Victoria

173
Q

What does Black Saturday of Australia refer to?

A

Feb 7 2009, high temperatures and extended drought conditions produced a series of violent firestorms throughout Victoria, and resulted in 173 deaths.

173
Q

Which are the major factors that affect Port Phillip Zone’s climate? What’s the climate?

A

1) Southern Ocean, strong southwesterlies chiling winds from the polar latitudes来自极低纬度的强劲西南冷风. Help cool the zone.
2) Overall Mediterranean, but in Region I or II in Winkler’s Scale.

174
Q

Which zone was termed the “dress circle of Melbourne” by James Halliday?

A

Port Phillip Zone

174
Q

Where is Port Phillip Zone?

A

In Victoria

175
Q

Name the 5 GIs in Port Phillip Zone?

A

Geelong, Sunbury, Macedon Ranges, Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula

176
Q

Which is the most planted grape variety in Yarra Valley?

A

Pinot Noir

176
Q

What’s the Shiraz style of Yarra Valley?

A

Shiraz is often called Syrah in Yarra, it’s peppery, floral, red-fruited, whole berry fermentations and low levels of new oak. Alcohol usually under 13.5%abv.

177
Q

Where and when was Domaine Chandon established in Australia?

A

In 1986 in Yarra Valley

178
Q

Who is the owner and winemaker of Coldstream Hills? Where and when was it established?

A

James Halliday, in 1985, in Yarra Valley

179
Q

Where is Yarra Valley GI? What’s the climate? Key grape varieties?

A

In Port Phillip Zone, Victoria;
Cool Maritime climate;
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.

179
Q

Which winery is purchaed by De Bortoli in Victoria? When?

A

Chateau Yarrinya in Yarra Valley, in 1987

179
Q

What’s the style or Yarra Valley’s Pinot Noir compare to Central Otago?

A

Despite its ripe red fruit character, it’s leaner, lower in alcohol than those of Otago.

179
Q

Name 3 star producers of Yarra Valley?

A

Yarra Yering, Mount Mary, Chateau Yarrinya

180
Q

Name the two sectors of Yarra Valley? Terroir? Pinot Noir’s styles?

A

Lower Yarra Valley in the north: sandy loam soils (Pinot is plumper and less aromatic);
Upper Yarra Valley in the south: red basalt, higher elevation, cooler (defined and mineral).

181
Q

Where is Mornington Peninsula GI?

A

South of Yarra Valley, in Port Phillip Zone, Victoria.

181
Q

Which is the key grape variety of Mornington Peninsula?

A

Pinot Noir (more than half of the GI’s planted vineyards, and about 85% of its red grape acreage)

182
Q

Where is Geelong GI ?

A

Western Port Phillip Zone in Victoria

183
Q

Name two leading producers in Geelong GI?

A

By Farr, Bannockburn

184
Q

Where is By Farr?

A

In Geelong GI in Port Phillip Zone, Victoria

185
Q

Name the three unofficial sub-regions in Geelong GI? Which is the center of Geelong wine industry?

A

Surf Coast/Otways, The Bellarine, Moorabool Valley;
Moorabool Valley is the center.

186
Q

Which is the driest GI in Port Phillip Zone?

A

Geelong

187
Q

Which GI in Port Phillip Zone has the highest elevation vineyards

A

Macedon Ranges, 400-600m

187
Q

Where is Sunbury?

A

South of Macedon Ranges GI, within Port Phillip Zone, Victoria

188
Q

Name the top producer in Macedon Ranges?

A

Bindi Wine Growers

189
Q

Which GI is the coolest region on the Australian mainland?

A

Macedon Ranges GI, in Port Phillip Zone, Victoria (due to the proximity to the ocean and high elevation)

190
Q

Where is Heathcote? What’s the climate? What’s the soils?

A

In Central Victoria Zone;
Dry, warm, continental climate;
Cambrian volcanic greenstone 寒武纪火山绿岩

190
Q

Which are the key grape varieties in Macedon Ranges GI?

A

Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Shiraz for both sparkling and still wines.

191
Q

Where is Bendigo?

A

In Central Victoria Zone

192
Q

Where is Jasper Hill winery located?

A

In Heathcote

193
Q

Which is the northern most GI in Central Victoria Zone?

A

Goulburn Valley GI

193
Q

Which is the first commercial winery in Goulburn Valley? When was it established?

A

Tahbilk, in 1860

194
Q

Where is Goulburn Valley GI?

A

In north of Central Victoria Zone

195
Q

Where is Tahbilk located?

A

Goulburn Valley in Central Victoria

196
Q

Why did Tahbilk have half-hectare original ungrafted vineyard survive from Phylloxera?

A

Thanks to alluvial sandy soils deposited along the Goulburn River.

197
Q

What’s the style of Gouldburn Valley’s shiraz?

A

Fuller, bolder styles (like South Australia) than the elegant Syrah of Yarra.

198
Q

Which winery has one of the oldest Marsanne vines in Australia? Planted in which year?

A

Tahbilk, in 1927

199
Q

Where is Upper Goulburn GI?

A

In Central Victoria

200
Q

Where is Strathbogie Ranges GI?

A

In Central Victoria

201
Q

What’s the elevation of the highest vineyards in Strathbogie Ranges and Upper Goulburn? What are the key grape varieties in both regions?

A

600-800m; Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

202
Q

Where is Nagambie Lakes?

A

Within Goulburn Valley GI in Central Victoria

203
Q

Name the sub-region of Goulburn Valley?

A

Nagambie Lakes GI

204
Q

Where is Rutherglen GI? What’s famous for?

A

Northern most of North East Victoria Zone;
Fortified wines: Muscat and Topaque (formerly Tokay, style is produced from Muscadelle grapes).

205
Q

What’s the climate of Rutherglen GI?

A

Warm continental

206
Q

Which winery was the first in Rutherglen to wine international acclaim? When was it established?

A

All Saints Winery, in 1864.

207
Q

Where is Morris Wines located? When was it established?

A

In Rutherglen GI, North East Victoria Zone; in 1859 (the earliest?)

208
Q

Which are the principal red grapes for table wines in Rutherglen GI?

A

Shiraz and Petit Sirah/Durif

209
Q

What’s the synonym of Petit Sirah?

A

Durif

210
Q

What’s “The Muscat of Rutherglen Network”?

A

A producers’ syndicate(联盟/工会）established in 1995

211
Q

Describe the four classifications of Rutherglen Muscat?

A

Rutherglen Muscat:average age 3-5yrs, lighter style; fresh and youthful with raisin flavours.
Classic Rutherglen Muscat:average age 6-10yrs; where you begin to taste the style’s complex and distinctive flavour with a hint of mature wood aged characters.
Grand Rutherglen Muscat:average age 11-19yrs; colour similar to dark chocolate, the flavours of spiced fruit, molasses and roasted hazelnuts.
Rare Rutherglen Muscat:average age 20+yrs;only bottled in tiny quantities with breathtaking richness and complexity.

212
Q

What’s the average age of Rare Rutherglen Muscat ?

A

20years+

213
Q

What’s the average age of Classic Rutherglen Muscat ?6-10years

A

6-10years

214
Q

What’s the average age of Grand Rutherglen Muscat ?

A

11-19years

215
Q

Which Muscat is used for Rutherglen Muscat?

A

Brown Muscat=Muscat de Frontignan=Muscat Rouge à Petit Grains

215
Q

What’s the average age of Rutherglen Muscat ?

A

3-5years

215
Q

What’s the barrels’ sizes for aging Rutherglen Muscat?

A

225L Barrique, 300L Hogsheads (hog猪head头)，500L puncheons (短柱)

216
Q

What’s the 500L barrels called for aging Rutherglen Muscat?

A

Puncheon

217
Q

How is Rutherglen Muscat made?

A

After harvest, Muscat grapes undergo a short fermentation with skin contact for 1-2days, consuming 20-40g/l of sugar, then fortified with 96°grape spirit, as in Port (in a one-to-four ratio一比四), then aged in old wood for decades.

217
Q

What’s the 300L barrels called for aging Rutherglen Muscat?

A

Hogshead

218
Q

How many wineries are producing fortified Muscat wines in Rutherglen? Which are they?

A

8 wineiries: All Saints, Morris, Campbells, Chambers, Stanton&Killeen, Rutherglen Estates, Buller, Pfeiffer.

219
Q

What was Topaque formerly known?

A

Tokay

220
Q

Which grape was Topaque made from?

A

Muscadelle

221
Q

Name the five GIs in North East Victoria?

A

Glenrowan GI, King Valley GI, Rutherglen GI, Beechworth GI, Alpine Valleys GI

222
Q

Which styles of wine are produced from Glenrowan GI?

A

Dry reds and fortified wines as Rutherglen

223
Q

Where is King Valley? What’s the climate and wine style in King Valley?

A

It’s North East Victoria Zone; cooler climate due to the high elevation(700m higher than Rutherglen); Sparkling wine from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.

224
Q

Where is Alpine Valley?

A

In North East Victoria Zone

225
Q

Where is Beechworth GI? Which are the key varieties?

A

In North East Victoria Zone; due to higher elevation the climate is cooler, white wines are increasing: Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay and Pinot Gris.

226
Q

Where is Wangaratta?

A

In North East Victoria, King Valley’s northernmost point

227
Q

Which GIs are shared between NSW and Victoria? Within which zones?

A

Murray Darling and Swan Hill, in North West Victoria zone and Big Rivers zone (NSW).

228
Q

Which are the warmest GIs in Victoria?

A

Murray Darling and Swan Hill GIs, in North West Victoria Zone.

229
Q

Where is Rutherglen? What’s the climate? What are the key grape varieties?

A

In North East Victoria; Hot Continental, Region III;
Shiraz, Brown Muscat, Durif, Muscadelle.

230
Q

What are the soil types of Rutherglen GI?

A

“Rutherglen” loam (preferred for fortified styles) and “Black Dog” fine sandy loam

231
Q

What does “Black Dog” refer to?

A

Fine sandy loam soil (in Rutherglen).

232
Q

Name the Sparkling wine regions in Australia?

A

Grampians GI in Western Victoria;
King Valley in North East Victoria;
Henty GI in Western Victoria;
Tasmania;
Tumbarumba GI in NSW (cool climate);
Adelaide Hills

232
Q

Name the three GIs in Western Victoria?

A

Grampians, Henty, Pyrenees

233
Q

What’s the logo of Rutherglen Network?

A

R logo

233
Q

Where is Great Western GI?

A

It’s a sub-region within Grampians in Western Victoria Zone.

233
Q

Which is the smallest and coolest state on the Australian mainland?

A

Victoria

234
Q

Which is Australia’s most diverse and vibrant wine-producing areas?

A

Victoria

235
Q

Where is Port Phillip? What’s the climate in Port Phillip zone?

A

In Victoria, surrounding the city of Melbourne;
has a cool maritime climate, experiencing winter average temperatures lower than Bordeaux or Burgundy.

236
Q

Name the three inland zones of Victoria? What’s the climate? Which is the hottest of the three?

A

North West Victoria, Central Victoria, and North East Victoria;
more continental climate, typified by a large diurnal temperature shift.
The North West Victoria zone is the hottest of the three, and irrigation is essential.

237
Q

Where is Grampians GI? What’s the climate?

A

In Western Victoria zone; Cool but extremely dry (due to the elevation rising to 440m)

238
Q

Which style of wine is famous for Grampians GI?

A

Sparkling Wine

239
Q

Name the key sparkling producer of Grampians GI?

A

Great Western Winery

240
Q

Where is Great Western Winery located? It was established by whom and when? Under which name today?

A

In Grampians GI in Western Victoria zone;
Founded by Joseph Best in 1865;
Under Seppelt name.

241
Q

Who made the first traditional method sparkling wine in Australia? When?

A

Charles Pierlot, a French winemaker who trained at Pommery, in 1890.

242
Q

Name the best modern producer in Grampians GI?

A

Best’s

242
Q

What’s the Shiraz style in Grampians GI?

A

Elegant, defined, peppery

243
Q

Which color of grape varieties dominate in Grampians GI? What are the major grape varieites in Grampians?

A

Red grapes, account for 80%. Shiraz and Cabernet

244
Q

Where is Pyrenees GI? What are the key grape varieties?

A

In Western Victoria, to the northeastern border of Grampians（在Grampians的东北);
Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon, richer and fuller bodied than Grampians.

245
Q

Where is Henty GI? What are the key grape varieties? Producing which style of wine?

A

In Victoria’s southwestern corner;
Cool climate: Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Riesling;
Sparkling wine.

246
Q

Which is the largest producer of Henty GI?

A

Seppelt (based in Grampians) has 100ha vineyards accounts for 2/3 of Henty’s total vine acreage.

247
Q

What’s the climate of Gippsland and key grape variety?

A

Cool, maritime climate; Pinot Noir

248
Q

Where is Bass Phillip located?

A

In South Gippsland, Victoria

249
Q

Which zone of Victoria doesn’t have any GIs?

A

Gippsland

250
Q

Why Gippsland doesn’t have official GIs?

A

Simply not large enough to have the GIs, with only 190ha under vines in total in 2019

251
Q

Where is Gippsland? Name the three unofficial subregion of Gippsland?

A

It’s in the eastern side of Coastal Victoria;
Unofficial Subregions: South Gippsland, East Gippsland, West Gippsland

251
Q

Which is the capital of Western Australia?

A

Perth

252
Q

Where is Swan District, Swan Valley, and Swan Hill?

A

Swan District: GI in Greater Perth Zone in Western Australia;
Swan Valley: subregion within Swan District;
Swan Hill: GI shared between Big Rivers in NSW and North West Victoria.

253
Q

Name the five zones of Western Australia?

A

Greater Perth,
South West Australia,
Central Western Australia,
Eastern Plains, Inland & North of Western Australia,
West Australia South East Coastal.

254
Q

Which is Australia’s hottest GI?

A

Swan Valley GI, within Swan District GI, in Greater Perth Zone, Western Australia.

255
Q

Who, when, where planted the first vineyard in Western Australia?

A

Thomas Waters, in 1829, in Swan Valley (subregion in Swan District in Greater Perth Zone)

256
Q

Which are the key grape varieties/wine style of Margaret River?

A

Chardonnay, Cab S, Sauvignon Blanc-Semillon blends.

257
Q

Who and when produced the first commercial Margaret River wine?

A

Dr. Tom Cullity’s Vasse Felix produced the first commercial Margaret River wine - a Riesling
in 1971.

258
Q

Name the 6 unofficial sub-regions in Margaret River from North to South? Which is an inland region?

A

Yallingup, Wilyabrup, Wallcliffe, Karridale; Carbunup, Treeton (eastern side);
Treeton is inland region

259
Q

Which subregion of Margaret River is the heart of the appellation?

A

Wilyabrup

260
Q

Which subregion of Margaret River is cooler ?

A

Wallcliffe

261
Q

Which subregion of Margaret River has the warmest summer daytime and greatest diurnal variation?

A

Treeton (inland region)

262
Q

Which subregion of Margaret river is located on the eastern side of Yallingup?

A

Carbunup

263
Q

Name the first five wineries of Margaret River? Which three are located in Wilyabrup?
Which two are in Wallcliffe?

A

Vasse Felix, Cullen, Moss Wood, Leeuwin Estate, Cape Mentelle;
Vasse Felix, Cullen, Moss Wood are in Wilyabrup;
Leeuwin Estate and Cape Mentelle are in Wallcliffe.

264
Q

Which subregion of Margaret River produces the best Sauvignon Blanc? What’s the charcater?

A

Karridale, the Sauvignon Blanc is crisp, cool, with a pure snow pea character常常带有纯正的荷兰豆风味。

264
Q

Which subregion of Margaret River is the southern most of the region?

A

Karridale

265
Q

Which Chardonnay clone is commonly used in Wallcliffe subregion of Margaret River?
Which characters are showed?

A

Gingin clone (known as Mendoza elsewhere);
Rich, high acidity, with flavors of peach and lime, and sulfite-derived flinty character.

265
Q

What’s the climate in Margaret River?

A

Mediterranean: dry summer and rainy winter (warmer than Coonawarra and Medoc)

266
Q

What does “Golden Triangle”金三角 refer to?

A

It was created by James Halliday, it comprises Leeuwin Estate, Cape Mentelle, Voyager Estate in Wallcliffe sub-region of Margaret River.

267
Q

Which sub-region of Margaret River is famous for Chardonnay?

A

Cooler Wallcliffe sub-region.

268
Q

Which sub-region of Margaret River produces the best Cabernet Sauvignon? Why?

A

Wilyabrup, due to the red gravelly loam soils红色砾石壤土

269
Q

What’s the climate in Margaret River?

A

Warm mediterranean with Maritime influence, Region III.

269
Q

Who created Graves-like high quality, oak-driven Sauvignon Blanc in Margaret River?

A

Stuart Pym (from Stella Bella winery, after a season’s work at Domaine de Chevalier).

270
Q

Where is Great Southern GI? Name its five official sub-regions ?

A

In South West Australia Zone in Western Australia;
From west to east: Frankland River, Mount Barker, Porongurup; Denmark, Albany (coastal).

270
Q

Who promoted Great Southern GI?

A

Gladstones

271
Q

Which sub-region is the center of production in Great Southern?

A

Mount Barker

272
Q

Which two sub-regions of Great Southern are on the coastal? Dominated by Chardonnay and Pinot Noir?

A

Denmark and Albany (strongly influenced by cool ocean breezes)

273
Q

Which are the key grape varieites of Porongurup and Mount Barker?

A

Riesling and Shiraz

274
Q

Where is Porongurup?

A

It’s a subregion within Great Southern GI in South West Australia Zone, Western Australia

275
Q

When was Jansz established? Who founded it?

A

In early 1980s; it was a joihnt venture between Louis Roederer and Heemskerk Wines.

275
Q

How many % of Western Australia’s vines are located in the South West Australia zone?

A

85%

275
Q

Where is Capel Vale winery?

A

In Geographe GI within South West Australia Zone (Western Australia)

275
Q

Which is the third-largest GI in South West Australia Zone (Western Australia)?

A

Geographe GI

276
Q

Where is Blackwood Valley?

A

A GI within South West Australia in Western Australia

277
Q

Where is Pemberton?

A

It’s a GI within South West Australia in Western Australia

277
Q

Where is Manjimup ?

A

A GI within South West Australia in Western Australia

278
Q

Name the 6 GIs in Sout West Australia Zone in Western Australia?

A

From west to east: Margaret River, Geographe, Blackwood Valley, Manjimup, Pemberton, Great Southern

279
Q

Which three zones of Western Australia don’t have GIs regions?

A

Eastern Plains, Inland&North of Western Australia;
Central Western Australia;
West Australia South East Coastal.

280
Q

Where is Peel?

A

It’s a GI in Greater Perth Zone in Western Australia

281
Q

Name the 3 GIs in Greater Perth? Which GI has official sub-region and what is it?

A

Peel, Perth Hills, Swan District;
Swan Valley within Swan District

282
Q

What’s the Capital of Tasmania?

A

Hobart

283
Q

Which is the eldest sparling producer in Tasmania? Who is the owner?

A

Jansz, owned by Yalumba

283
Q

Which is Australia’s coolest and southernmost wine-producing area?

A

Tasmania

283
Q

Who is Bartholomew Broughton?

A

He planted Tasmania’s first commercial vineyard in 1823, earlier than South Australia and Victoria

284
Q

How many GIs in Tasmania?

A

Only one Tasmania GI

285
Q

Which are the key grape varieties in Tasmania? Which is the most planted grape vareity?

A

Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris, Riesling;
Pinot Noir is the most planted grape variety.

286
Q

Which is the capital of Queensland?

A

Brisbane

286
Q

Name two unofficial sub-regions in Tasmania? Which is the center of production in Tasmania?

A

Tamar Valley in Northern Tasmania, is the center of production(has 1/3 of the State’s vines);
Coal River in Southern Tasmania;

286
Q

Northern Tasmania’s climate is similar to which regions in the world?

A

Champagne and Rheingau

287
Q

Where is Queensland?

A

North east of Australia

288
Q

Which GI produces the best wine in Queensland?

A

Granite Belt GI

289
Q

Which GI is Granite Belt GI bordered with?

A

New England Australia GI in New South Wales.

289
Q

What’s the climate in Granite Belt GI?

A

Continental climate due to the high elevation 700m

289
Q

Which is Queensland’s first GI? Approved in which year?

A

South Burnett in 2001

290
Q

Name the two GIs of Queensland?

A

Granite Belt GI, South Burnett GI

290
Q

Where is South Burnett?

A

It’s a inland GI within Queensland state

290
Q

Which is the key grape variety in Granite Belt GI?

A

Shiraz

290
Q

Name 4 unofficial wine regions in Queensland?

A

Darling Downs, Gold Coast, Sunshine Coast, Brisbane.

291
Q

Which grape variety is successful in South Burnett GI?

A

Verdelho

291
Q

Where is Darling Downs?

A

Unofficial region in Queesland

291
Q

Where is Brisbane?

A

Unofficial region in Queesland

291
Q

Where is Sunshine Coast?

A

Unofficial region in Queesland

291
Q

Where is Gold Coast?

A

Unofficial region in Queesland

291
Q

Which are the two Australia’s most recognizable brands? Who is the owner?

A

Penfolds and Lindemans; both are now owned by Treasury Wine Estates

291
Q

Which is the world’s fifth largest wine exorter in volume?

A

Australia (behind Italy, France, Spain, and Chile).

291
Q

Where is Riverland and where is Riverina?

A

Riverland in South Australia and Riverina in New South Wales
which together account for nearly 50% of Australia’s wine production

292
Q

Who is the producer of Octavius Shiraz? Where is it produced?

A

Yalumba, from old vines in Barossa

292
Q

What are the requirements to become a region or subregion according to Wine Australia?

A

comprising at least five independently owned vineyards of at least five hectares apiece(每个), with a minimum output of 500 tons of wine grapes annually.

292
Q

When was Wine Australia established?

A

In 1981

293
Q

Which GI is splited between State of NSW and The Australian Capital Territory?

A

Canberra District

293
Q

Which is the multistate zone in Australia? When was it authorized? Which states are encompassed?

A

South Eastern Australia, in 1996;
Victoria, Tasmania, and New South Wales, along with the winegrowing areas of South Australia and Queensland.

294
Q

What’s the climate of Limestone Coast?

A

Cool, maritime climate

294
Q

Where is Coonawarra? Name 3 top wines ?

A

In Limestone Coast Zone, South Australia
Majella, Wynns’ John Riddoch, Parker Estate’s First Growth

295
Q

Where is Majella？

A

In Coonawarra

296
Q

Where is Riverland GI? Which kind of wine is mainly produced here?

A

Within Lower Murray Zone in South Australia;
Bulk wine.

296
Q

Where is Lake Alexandrina?

A

Fleurieu, South Australia

296
Q

What’s the climate in Riverland?

A

Hot continental

296
Q

Which is zone Fleurie’s most important and warmest region?

A

McLaren Vale GI

297
Q

What’s the climate of Fleurieu? Which are the major factors of its climate?

A

Mediterranean; tempered by Southern Ocean currents and Lake Alexandrina
he Fleurieu climate as a whole is essentially Mediterranean, tempered by Southern Ocean currents

297
Q

What are the key grape varieties of McLaren Vale GI?

A

A predominantly red wine area focusing on Cabernet Sauvignon and Rhône varieties.

298
Q

Name 4 top wines from McLaren Vale?

A

D’Arenberg’s Dead Arm Shiraz,
Yangarra’s High Sands Grenache,
Drew Noon’s Grenache-based Eclipse,
Clarendon Hills’s Astralis dry-farmed Shiraz result from extremely old, low-yielding vines.

299
Q

Where is Clarendon Hills located?

A

In McLaren Vale

299
Q

Where is Yangarra located?

A

In McLaren Vale

299
Q

Where is Adelaide Hills GI? What’s the climate and wine types?

A

In Mount Lofty Ranges Zone, South Australia;
Cool maritime climate, sparkling wines, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir.

300
Q

Where is Clare Valley? What’s the climate? Why does it produce good riesling?

A

In Mount Lofty Ranges Zone, South Australia;
Warmer continental climate, but higher altitude, west-facing slopes, cooled by afternoon breezes adn low nighttime temperatures.

301
Q

Where are Adelaide Hills, Adelaide Plains, Adelaide GIs?

A

Adelaide GI is a super zone in South Australia contains Fleurie, Barossa, Mount Lofty Ranges;
Adelaide Hills and Adelaide Plains both are indivisual GIs within Mount Lofty Ranges Zone.

301
Q

Which subregion of Tasmania produces successfully Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Tamar Valley

302
Q

Name two top unofficial subregions of Clare Valley?

A

Watervale and Polish Hill River

303
Q

Where is Pipers River area? Which is the key grape variety?

A

In Northern Tasmania; Pinot Noir

304
Q

Where is Derwent Valley?

A

Southern Tasmania

305
Q

Where is Huon Valley?

A

Southern Tasmania

306
Q

Name three unofficial subregions in the Southern Tasmania?

A

Coal River Valley, Huon Valley, Derwent Valley

307
Q

Name two unofficial subregions in Northern Tasmania?

A

Pipers River, Tamar Valley

MS Study (17 decks)

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