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MS Study > Spain > Flashcards

Spain Flashcards

1
Q

?? Who founded the city of Gadir (modern Cádiz) on the coast of southern Spain around 1100 BCE and established the value of viticulture and wine as a commodity in Andalucía?

A

The Phoenicians腓尼基人

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2
Q

?? Why was there a sudden influx涌入of French winemakers and merchants in Spain, particularly in Rioja in the 1850s and 1860s?

A

Becauce of the oidium and phylloxera struck France, they were looking for something instead

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3
Q

?? Who was the fascism dictator独裁者in Spain?

A

Francisco Franco

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3
Q

?? Which regions established the consejos in 1930s (the earliest) in Spain?

A

Rioja, Jerez, Malaga

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3
Q

?? What’s American oak called?

A

Quercus alba白栎li

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3
Q

?? Where was Cava born?

A

at San Sadurní d’Anoia.

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4
Q

?? Which country in Western Europe remained the only major fascist[ˈfæʃɪst]法西斯 country after World War II?

A

Spain

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4
Q

?? When was the dark period for wine ended in Spain?

A

In 1975

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5
Q

?? Which are the DOP indications in Spain?

A

DO: Denominación de Origen
DOCa: Dnominación de Origen Calificada
VCIG: Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica

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6
Q

?? Which is the IGP indication in Spain?

A

VdlT: Vino de la Tierra

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7
Q

?? What’s Noble?

A

Mini 18months aging in a cask of less than 600L or bottle

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8
Q

?? What’s Añejo?

A

min. 24 months aging in a cask of less than 600 L or bottle

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9
Q

?? What’s Viejo?

A

min. 36 months aging, demonstrates marked oxidative character

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10
Q

?? What is Rioja name after?

A

Oja River, a small tributary of Ebro

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11
Q

?? Which river is passing through Rioja?

A

Ebro River

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12
Q

?? Which is the mountain in the Northwest of Spain?

A

Cantabrian Mountains

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13
Q

?? Which three autonomias are comprised essentially in the North-Central Spain?

A

Navarra, Rioja, Aragon

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14
Q

?? 为什么西班牙用美国橡木桶？

A

跟西班牙在北美的殖民贸易有关

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15
Q

?? What’s the grape requirement for Rioja Rosato?

A

Mini. 25% of the four traditional Rioja red grapes: Tempranillo, Mazuelo, Graciano, Garnacha

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16
Q

?? Which are the main white grapes for Rioja White? Which are the other grapes for blend?

A

Major: Viura(Macabeo), Garnacha Blanca, Malvasía Riojano, Maturana Blanca
Others: Chardonnay, Tempranillo Blanco, Sauvignon Blanc, Turruntés, Verdejo

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17
Q

?? Which grape varieties may make up the remainder of the blend of Rioja Red wine?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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18
Q

?? What’s the min. % of the traditional red grapes in the blend of red Rioja wine? How many % if destemmed去梗?

A

Min. 85% of Tempranillo, Mazuelo, Graciano, Garnacha, Maturana Tinta(newest)
95% if destemmed

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19
Q

?? Which are the four traditional red grape varieties for Rioja Red? Which grape was added to the major blend of Rioja wine in 2007?

A

Tempranillo, Mazuelo (Carignan), Graciano, Garnacha
Maturana Tinta

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20
Q

?? Where is Ysios located?

A

In Rioja Alavesa

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20
Q

?? Name the single vineyards of Lopez de Heredia?

A

Bosconia and Tondonia

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21
Q

?? Which grapes are Ysios’ wines made from?

A

Pure tempranillo

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22
Q

?? Which winery is at the forefront of a new movement in spectacular modern bodega design?

A

Ysios

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23
Q

?? Who is the designer of Marqués de Riscal’s current estate?

A

Canadian-born American architect and designer Frank Gehry

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24
Q

?? Whose boutique was designed by Zaha Hadid in Rioja?

A

Lopez de Heredia in Haro
Bodega Ysios （图片）

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24
Q

?? When did Rioja permit to produce Espumoso?

A

2018

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25
Q

?? Which autonomías are included in Green Spain?

A

Galicia, Asturias(cider), Cantabria(cider),and Basque Country

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26
Q

?? If Rias Baixas wine labled Val do Salnés or Ribeira do Ulla, which are the recommended grape varieties and for how many % mini for the blending?

A

must contain mini 70% of Albariño, Loureiro, Treixadura, Caiño Blanco

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27
Q

?? Which are the recommended grapes for O Rosal and Condado do Tea? How many %?

A

Mini. 70% of Albariño, Loureira, Treixadura

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27
Q

?? Which grape varieties are Rias Baixas red wine made from?

A

Caiño, Espadeiro, Mencía

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28
Q

?? If a Rias Baixas wine labeled Albarino, how many % mini of Albarino grape?

A

100%

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29
Q

?? How many % of the vineyard acreage in Rias Baixas is devoted to Albariño?

A

96%

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30
Q

?? What’s Ojo de Gallo?

A

A traditional rosado wine made in Pais Vasco blended with Ondarrabi Zuri(white) and Ondarrabi Beltza(red)

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31
Q

?? How many % of Tinto del Pais is required for Ribera del Duero red wines? Which other grapes are allowed?

A

Min. 75%
Garnacha, Cab S, Merlot

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32
Q

?? Which white grape dominates Ribeira Sacra?

A

Palomino still dominates the vineyards
Godello and Doña Blanca show more promise

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33
Q

?? What are the two synonyms of Tempranillo in Ribera del Duero?

A

Tinto del Pais, Tinto Fino

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34
Q

?? Which types of wine can be produced in Ribera del Duero?

A

White, rosado, clarete, tinto

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35
Q

?? What’s the major white grape in Ribera del Duero?

A

Albillo Mayor 75%

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36
Q

?? Which grapes are Único made?

A

Tinto del Pais, Cab S, Merlot, aged for decade or more in American and French oak.

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37
Q

?? What’s the grape varieties for Brut and Brut Nature styles Espumoso from Rueda?

A

Mini. 75% Verdejo or Sauvignon Blanc

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38
Q

?? What’s the major red grape for Rueda tinto?

A

Tempranillo

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39
Q

?? Which are the major white varieties for Rueda blanco? How many %? Which other white grapes can be blended too?

A

Min. 50% of Verdejo or Sauvignon Blanc
Others: Chardonnay, Viura, Viognier

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40
Q

?? What’s the grape varieties requirement for Toro DO red?

A

Mini. 75% Tinta de Toro or 85% Garnacha

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40
Q

?? Which types of wine can be produced in Toro DO?

A

White, rosado, red

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41
Q

?? Which grapes can be used for Toro white?

A

Verdejo or Malvasia along with Albillo Real and Muscat a Petit Grains

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41
Q

?? Who is the Vega Sicilia’s rival?

A

Alejándro Fernández of Pesquera

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42
Q

?? Who founded Dehesa la Granja estate? Where?

A

Alejándro Fernández of Pesquera, Located in Zamora

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43
Q

?? As of 2022, Castilla y Leon received its first DO Pagos?

A

Abadía修道院-Retuerta and Dehesa牧场Peñalba.

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44
Q

?? Which are the major grape varieties in Baix-Penedes?

A

Garnacha and Monastrell

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45
Q

?? Which grape variety is maily planted in Medio-Penedes?

A

Ull de Llebre (Tempranillo)

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46
Q

?? Which style of wine from Penedes received the Slow Food “presidia” status?

A

Malvasia de Sitges

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46
Q

?? What’s Malvasia de Sitges?

A

A sweet fortified wine which was a historical specialty in Penedes

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47
Q

?? Name the five authorized white grapes for Cava in Penedes?

A

Parellada, Xarel-lo, Macabeo, Malvasia, Chardonnay

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47
Q

?? Where is Sant Sadurni d’Anoia located?

A

In the Alt-Penedes

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48
Q

?? Which is the birthplace of Cava?

A

Sant Sadurni d’Anoia

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49
Q

?? What’s Subirat?

A

Malvasia

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49
Q

?? Which grape varieties are authorized for Cava DO? Which are recommended grapes?

A

Parellada, Xarel-lo, Macabeu, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Garnacha Tinta, Monastrell, Trepat, Malvasia (Subirat);
Recommended: Macabeu, Xarel-lo and Parellada

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50
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Malvasia?

A

Subirat

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51
Q

?? What are the common points between Marqués de Murrieta and Marqués de Riscal?

A

They both are important persons in Spanish wine history;
They were both exiled during Carlist Wars in Bordeaux and learnt winemaking techniques;
After their return to Spain both established wineries and brought winemaking techniques from Bordeaux.

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52
Q

?? Who brought Cabernet Sauvignon cutting to Spain from Bordeaux? What’s the first vintage of resulting vines?

A

Marqués de Riscal, 1860

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53
Q

?? Who made first oaked wine in spain? What’s the first vintage?

A

Marqués侯爵 de Murrieta, 1852 vintage

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54
Q

?? When did Emile Peynaud start working for Marques de Riscal?

A

In 1972

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55
Q

?? Who suggest planting Sauvignon Blanc in Rueda?

A

Emile Peynaud

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56
Q

?? What did Emile Peynaud do when he worked for Marques de Riscal?

A

Identified Rueda and its grape Verdejo and created a modern style non-oxidative white wine;
He also suggested planting Sauvignon Blanc in Rueda.

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57
Q

?? Who is the consultant in 1972 for Marqués de Riscal?

A

Emile Peynaud

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58
Q

?? Who employed Émile Peynaud as consultant in Spain in 1972?

A

Marqués de Riscal

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59
Q

?? What did Miguel Torres bring to Catalonia in1960s?

A

Stainless steel and temperature-controlled fermentation

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60
Q

?? Who introdued stainless steel and temperature comtrolled fermentation in Spain? When was it?

A

Miguel Torres, in 1960s

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61
Q

?? When did Spain join the EU?

A

In 1986

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61
Q

?? When was the first general election大选was held since 1936 in Spain?

A

1977

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62
Q

?? When did Spain start its return to greater economic prosperity繁荣with more potential international business?

A

After the first general election in 1977

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63
Q

?? Which country has the most hectares面积of vines? How many % of the global vineyard surface?

A

Spain, 13%

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63
Q

?? Which country is the largest exporter in terms of volume?

A

Spain

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64
Q

?? Is Spain the world’s largest prodcuer of wine? Why?

A

NO; even though Spain has the largest hectares of vines, but due to lower yield, wide vineyard spacing of the old vines, and distillation of grapes for brandy, Spain is not the largest producer of wine, behind Italy and France.

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65
Q

?? Which geographical feature seperates France and Spain?

A

Pyrenees Mountains

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65
Q

?? Is Spain the largest exporter in terms of value? Why?

A

NO, the total value of Spain’s exports is less than a third of France’s and less than half of Italy’s, due to Spain’s larg bulk industry.

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66
Q

?? Which country/nation is nestled within the border of France and Spain?

A

Andorra

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67
Q

?? What’s the altitude range of Spain?

A

Between 36°and 44°N (within 30-50°N)

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68
Q

?? Which are the two highest average elevation countries in Europe?

A

1st is Switzerland, 2nd is Spain

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69
Q

?? Which mountains lines the southeast of the peninsula of Spain?

A

Sistema Penibético

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70
Q

?? Which mountain range borders the Mesata Central to the south?

A

Sierra Morena

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70
Q

?? Which mountain runs perpendicular to the Sistema Central stretching from Castilla y Leon to Valencia?

A

Sistema Ibérico

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71
Q

?? Which mountain begin in Galicia and continues parallel to the northern coast?

A

Cordillera Cantábrica/ Cantabrian Mountains

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72
Q

?? Which mountains bisect Spain two parts?

A

Sistema Central 中央山脉

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73
Q

?? Name the water surrounds Spain?

A

Mediterranean to the east, Atlantic Ocean to the west, Bay of Biscay to the north

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73
Q

?? Why does Spain have the second highest average elevation in Europe?

A

There are many mountains ranges in the country and the large plateau - Meseta Central which has an average elevation of 660m.

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74
Q

?? Which water is to the north Spain?

A

Bay of Biscay

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75
Q

?? Legally, Spain is divided into ?

A

17 comunidades autónomas (autonomous communities)自治区 (15 in mainland, 2 on islands)
The comunidades autonomas are splited into: 50 provinces and 2 autonomous cities自治城市

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76
Q

?? What’s Leveche? What’s Levante?

A

Leveche: A hot drying wind from the African desert blows to south Spain
Levante: a warm but humid wind comes in Spain from the east.

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77
Q

?? What’s the warm and humid wind comes in Spain from the east?

A

Levante

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78
Q

?? What’s the hot drying wind from African desert called ?

A

Leveche

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79
Q

?? Which is the wind name from the west of Spain?

A

Poniente (西方)

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80
Q

?? What’s Poniente?

A

A cold west wind from the Atlantic in Spain

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81
Q

?? What are the main factors affecting Spain’s climate?

A

Elevation: second highest average elevation in Europe with many mountains ranges throughout the country.
Water: Mediterranean, Atlantic, Bay of Biscay
Wind: Poniente, Leveche, Levante

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82
Q

?? What’s the annual rainfall outside of Green Spain?

A

Less than 500mm annually

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83
Q

?? Which region in the south of Spain but has cold climate?

A

Andalucía, high-elevation

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84
Q

?? Which region has the highest rainfall in Spain? What’s the annual rainfall in this region?

A

The Green Spain: from Galicia to Basque Country, the Northern Coast.
More than 2000mm annually

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85
Q

?? When was the first Spanish DO awarded?

A

In 1932 (4years earlier than France’s)

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86
Q

?? What’s the full name of DO of Spain?

A

Denominaciones de Origen

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86
Q

?? Name the full names of Origin system of France, Italy, Portugal, Spain?

A

France: Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée
Italy: Denominazione di Origine Controllata
Portugal: Denominação de Origem Controlada
Spain: Denominaciones de Origen

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87
Q

?? What’s the confined area for VdlT wines in Spain? How many % of grapes are mandated from this given area?

A

From a collection of villages to a whole autonomous community;
Mini 85%.

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88
Q

?? What’s the lowest-quality tier of Spainish wine?

A

Vino de Mesa

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89
Q

?? What’s the requirements for VdM regulation in Spain?

A

1： Wines can be blended from various areas of Spain, bear no region on the label;
2： Since 2008, the wines are allowed to state both vintage and variety

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90
Q

?? Since when the VdM wines were allowed to state vintage and variety?

A

2008

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91
Q

?? Can VdM wines bear region on the label?

A

No

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92
Q

?? Can VdM wines state vintage on the label?

A

Yes

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93
Q

?? Can VdM wines state variety on the label?

A

Yes

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94
Q

?? Name the two tiers of table wine in Spain wine law?

A

VdM: Vino de Mesa
VdlT: Vino de la Tierra

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95
Q

?? Which regulation can produce wines similar to “Super Tuscan” in Spain?

A

VdlT: Vino de la Tierra

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96
Q

?? What’s the PGI level regulation in Spain?

A

VdlT: Vino de la Tierra

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97
Q

?? What’s the hierarchy of regulation by Spainish wine law?

A

VdM: Vino de Mesa = table wine
PGI: VdlT: Vino de la Tierra = table wine (PGI=Protected Geographical Indication)
PDOs=Protected Denominations of Origin：
VC/VCIG: Vino de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica
DO: Denominación de Origen
DOCa: Denominación de Origen Calificada
VP: Vino de Pago

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98
Q

?? What’s the hierarchy of PDO regulations by Spanish wine law?

A

VC/VCIG: Vino de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica
DO: Denominación de Origen (equivalent to France’s AOC and Italy’s DOC)
DOCa: Denominación de Origen Calificada (similar to DOCG in Italy)
VP: Vino de Pago

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99
Q

?? Which is the most basic PDO wine in Spain?

A

VCIG: Vino de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica

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99
Q

?? Which tier of Spanish regulation operates as a stepping stone between VdlT for DO status? Must wait how long before applying for DO status?

A

VCIG=Vino Calidad con Indicación Geográfica
5 years

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100
Q

?? Which was the second DOCa in Spain? When was it granted to DOCa?

A

Priorat; in 2009

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100
Q

?? How many DOCa are there in Spain?

A

Only two

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101
Q

?? Which was the first DOCa wine in Spain? When was it granted to DOCa?

A

The first was Rioja, granted in 1991

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102
Q

?? What’s the Catalan traslation for DOCa?

A

Denominació d’Origen Qualificada (DOQ)

103
Q

?? Which is the highest level of PDO category in Spain?

A

Vino de Pago

104
Q

?? When was Vino de Pago category established?

A

In 2003

105
Q

?? Vino de Pago were first conceptualized in which region?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

106
Q

?? What’s Vino de Pago?

A

It’s a designation awarded to a single estate that may exist within or ourside of a DO (but few are found within prestigious appellations).

107
Q

?? Which is the smallest Pago in Spain? How many hectares?

A

Vallegarcía, 1.5ha

108
Q

?? What’s the requirements for Vinos de Pago?

A

1：The estate mus be estate bottled
2：Vineyard owned by the winery operating in its bounds必须在酒庄范围内经营
3：Must be in production for a mini of 10 years before applying for Pago status

109
Q

?? Which winery withdrew退出from the Rioja DOCa? When?

A

Artadi, in 2015

110
Q

?? Who published “terroir manifest风土宣言”?

A

Telmo Rodríguez

111
Q

?? When did Bierzo, Rioja, Rueda creat their Vi de Vila?

A

Bierzo and Rioja in 2017
Rueda in 2019

112
Q

?? Which was the first region creating Vi de Vila category? When was it created?

A

Priorat, in 2009

113
Q

?? What are the aging requirements for general DO and DOCa in Spain?

A

Crianza
Red: mini 2yrs total (mini 6mths in oak); Rosado&White: mini 18 (6 in oak)
Reserva
Red: mini 3yrs total(1yr in oak); Rosado&White: mini 2yrs (6 in oak)
Gran Reserva
Red: mini 5yrs total(18mths in oak); Rosado&White: 4yrs (6 in oak)

113
Q

?? What’s “Vi de Vila”?

A

Designation for village and allowing wines to be labeled by village

114
Q

?? What’s the aging requirement for Rosado/White Gran Reserva wines in Spain?

A

Min. 4yrs (6 in oak)

115
Q

?? What’s the aging requirement for Red Gran Reserva wines in Spain?

A

Min. 5yrs (18mths in oak)

116
Q

?? What’s the aging requirement for Red Reserva wines in Spain?

A

Min. 3yrs total (1yr in oak)

117
Q

?? What’s the aging requirement for Rosado/White Reserva wines in Spain?

A

Min. 2yrs (6mth in oak)

118
Q

?? What’s the aging requirement for Red Crianza wines in Spain?

A

Mini 2yrs in total including mini 6months in oak

119
Q

?? What’s the aging requirement for Rosato/White Crianza wines in Spain?

A

Mini 18mths in total, 6mths in oak

120
Q

?? What’s the maximum capacity of the oak casks for aging Spanish wine by DO/DOCa law?

A

330L

121
Q

?? What are the aging requirements for Ribera del Duero?

A

Crianza: 2yrs (1yr in oak)
Reserva: 3yrs (1yr in oak)
Gran Reserva: 5yrs (2yrs in oak)

121
Q

?? What are the aging requirement for Rioja wines?

A

Crianza: 2yrs in total (1yr in oak)
Reserva: 3yrs in total (1yr in oak + 6month in bottle)
Gran Reserva: 5yrs in total (2yrs in oak + 2yrs in bottle)

122
Q

?? Name the two Pagos in Castilla-La Mancha?

A

Dominio de Valdepusa (2003)
Finca Élez (2003)
Guijoso (2005)
Dehesa del Carrizal (2006)
Campo de la Guardia (2009)
Florentino (2009)
Casa del Blanco (2010)
Calzadilla (2011)
Vallegarcía (2019)
La Jaraba (2019)
Los Cerrillos (2019)
El Vicario (2019)
Rosalejo (2024)

122
Q

?? Vino de Pago (21) list?

A

Dominio de Valdepusa, 2003, Castilla-La Mancha, Cab S-Merlot-PV-Syrah-Graciano
Finca Élez, 2003, Castilla-La Mancha, Chardonnay-Cab S-Merlot-Syrah-Tempranillo
Guijoso, 2005, Castilla-La Mancha, Chardonnay-SB-Cab S-Merlot-Syrah-Tempranillo
Dehesa del Carrizal, 2006, Castilla-La Mancha, Chardonnay, Cab S, Merlot, PV, Syrah, Tempranillo
Arínzano, 2007, Navarra, Chardonnay-Cab S-Merlot-Tempranillo
Prado de Irache, 2008, Navarra, Cab S-Merlot-Garnacha-Temp-Carinena-Graciano
Otazu, 2009, Navarra, Chardonnay-Cab S-Merlot-Tempranillo
Campo de la Guardia, 2009, Castilla-La Mancha, Chard-CabS-Merlot-Malbec-PV-Syrah-Tem
Florentino, 2009, Castilla-La Mancha, PV-Syrah-Tempranillo
Casa del Blanco, 2010, Castilla-La Mancha, Chard-SB-CabS-Merlot-Cab F-Malbec-PV-Temp
El Terrerazo, 2010, Valencia, CabS-Merlot-Syrah-Garnacha-Temp-Bobal
Calzadilla, 2011, Castilla-La Mancha, CabS-Syrah-Garnacha-Tempranillo
Los Balagueses, 2011, Valencia, Chardonnay-SB-Merlot-Syrah-Garnacha-Temp
Aylés, 2011, Aragón, CabS-Merlot-Garnacha-Temp
Vallegarcía, 2019, Castilla-La Mancha, Viognier-CabS-Merlot-CabF-PV-Syrah
La Jaraba, 2019, Castilla-La Mancha, CabS-Merlot-Temp-Graciano
Los Cerrillos, 2019, Castilla-La Mancha, Temp-Syrah-CabS
Vera de Estenas, 2019, Valencia, Chard-CabS-Merlot-Temp-Bobal
El Vicario, 2019, Castilla-La Mancha, Chard-SB-CabS-Merlot-PV-Syrah-Garnacha-Temp-Graciano
Chozas Carrascal, 2020, Valencia, Bobal-Monastrell-Garnacha-Temp-CabS-CabF-Syrah-Merlot-Chard-SB-Macabeo
Rosalejo, 2024, Castilla-La Mancha, Garnacha-Syrah-Temp

123
Q

?? Name the the lastest Pago?

A

Rosalejo in Castilla La Mancha, 2024
?? Name the Pagos in Navarra?
Arinzano (2007)
Prado de Irache (2008)
Otazu (2009)

124
Q

?? Name the Pago in Valencia?

A

El Terrerazo (2010)
Los Balagueses (2011)
Vera de Estenas (2019)
Chozas Carrascal (2020)

125
Q

?? Name the Pago in Aragon?

A

Ayles 2011

126
Q

?? Where is Dominio de Valdepusa? Grape varieties?

A

In Castilla-La Mancha, CabS Bordeaux grapes and Syrah, Graciano

127
Q

?? Which is the first Pago?

A

Dominio de Valdepusa, in 2003, in Castilla-La Mancha
Finca Elez, in 2003, Castilla-La Mancha

128
Q

?? Where is Guijoso?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

128
Q

?? Where is Finca Elez?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

129
Q

?? Where is Dehesa del Carrizal?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

130
Q

?? Where is Arinzano?

A

Navarra

131
Q

?? Where is Prado de Irache?

A

Navarra

132
Q

?? Where is Otazu?

A

Navarra

133
Q

?? Where is Florentino?

A

Castilla-La Mancha
?? Where is Casa del Blanco?
Castilla-La Mancha

134
Q

?? Where is El Terrerazo?

A

Valencia

134
Q

?? Where is Campo de la Guardia?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

135
Q

?? Where is Calzadilla?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

136
Q

?? Where is Los Balagueses?

A

Valencia

137
Q

?? Where is Aylés?

A

Aragon

138
Q

?? Where is Vera de Estenas?

A

Valencia

138
Q

?? Where is Vallegarcía?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

138
Q

?? Where is La Jaraba?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

139
Q

?? Where is Los Cerrillos?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

140
Q

?? Where is El Vicario?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

141
Q

?? Where is Rosalejo?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

142
Q

?? Where is Chozas Carrascal?

A

Valencia

143
Q

?? What does “Joven” mean in Spain?

A

“young” wine with minimal to no oak influence

144
Q

?? Where is the origin of Airén?

A

Cuenca in Castilla-La Mancha

144
Q

?? What does “Noble” mean in Spain?

A

Mini 18months total in oak or in bottle

145
Q

?? What does Añejo mean in Spain?

A

Mini 2yrs total in oak or in bottle

146
Q

?? What does Viejo mean in Spain?

A

Mini 3yrs in oak and demonstrates marked oxidative character

147
Q

?? Which type of wine is widedly Airén made into?

A

Brandy

148
Q

?? How old is the oldest vines of Albarino in Rias Baixas?

A

300 years

148
Q

?? Which is the second most planed white grape globally?

A

Airén

149
Q

?? Which soil type is good for Albarino?

A

Granite

150
Q

?? Which region is located in south of Galicia?

A

Minho

150
Q

?? Except Jerez, which regions produce Palomino? What are the styles?

A

Andalucía (south): unfortified styles with or without flor
Canary Islands: white table wines of higher quality

150
Q

?? Which grape variety is appreciated as a softening agent in Cava blending?

A

Parellada

151
Q

?? Which is the most noted region for Godello?

A

Valdeorras

151
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Macabeo in Rioja and Catalonia?

A

Rioja: Viura; Catalonia: Macabeu

152
Q

?? Which region is Parellada most planted?

A

Catalonia

153
Q

?? Where is Parellada native to?

A

Aragon

154
Q

?? Where is Bobal native to and produces the best example?

A

Valencia

155
Q

?? What does Samsó refer to?

A

Cariñena, or Carignan

156
Q

?? What does Crujillón refer to?

A

Cariñena, or Carignan

157
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Cariñena in France?

A

Carignan

158
Q

?? What are other synonyms of Cariñena in Spain?

A

Carinyena, Mazuelo, Mazuela

159
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Alicante Bouschet?

A

Garnacha Tintorera

160
Q

?? Where, when and by whom was Garnacha Tintorera/Alicante Bouschet crossed?

A

It was crossed by Henri Bouschet, at Domaine de la Calmette, between 1855 and 1865

161
Q

?? Is Listán Negro the same grape variety as Listán Prieto?

A

NO

162
Q

?? Is Listán Negro a mutation of Listán Blanco?

A

NO

163
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Mencía?

A

Jaen

164
Q

?? What are the synonyms of Listán Prieto?

A

País, Mission, and Criolla Chica

165
Q

?? What does Jaen哈恩refer to?

A

Mencía

166
Q

?? Name two premium Mencia of Alvaro Palacios? In Which DO?

A

Las Lamas, Moncerbal;
Bierzo

167
Q

?? Who made Pombeiras? Un which DO?

A

Guímaro Finca; Ribeira Sacra

168
Q

?? Name three wines made from century-old vineyards of Mencia grape?

A

Las Lamas and Moncerbal from Alvaro Palacios in Bierzo
Pombeiras from Guimaro Finca in Ribeira Sacra

169
Q

?? Where is Monastrell indigenous to?

A

Valencia (the town Sagunto)

170
Q

?? What’s the Catalan name for Monastrell?

A

Morvedre

171
Q

?? What’s the grape of Fondillón?

A

Monastrell

172
Q

?? What’s Fondillón?

A

Fondillónis a special style ofwineproduced in theAlicanteD.O. inSpain.[1]Fondillón is a red wine produced in an oxidised (rancio) style from overripeMonastrellgrapes, and is typicallysemi-sweet. Its alcohol level is similar to manyfortified wines, although Fondillón is not fortified.

173
Q

?? Is Fondillón a fortified wine?

A

No

174
Q

?? Which red grape is third most planted globally following Cab S and Merlot?

A

Tempranillo

175
Q

?? What’s the mutation variety of Tempranillo?

A

Tempranillo Blanco

175
Q

?? What does Tempranillo mean ?

A

Little early one: refer to its small berry size and its early budding and ripening.

176
Q

?? Where is Syrah most planted in Spain?

A

In Castilla-La Mancha

177
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Tempranillo in Valdepeñas?

A

Cencibel

178
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Tempranillo in Ribera del Duero?

A

Tinto del País or Tinto Fino

178
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Tempranillo in Toro?

A

Tinta de Toro

178
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Tempranillo in Toro?

A

Tinta de Toro

179
Q

?? Name the 2 synonyms of Tempranillo in Portugal?

A

Tinto Roriz/ Aragonez

180
Q

?? Name the synonym of Tempranillo in Catalonia?

A

Ull de Llebre

181
Q

?? Name 6 Synonyms of Tempranillo ?

A

Cencibel (Valdepeñas)
Tinto del País (Ribera del Duero)
Tinta de Toro (Toro)
Tinto Fino (Ribera del Duero)
Tinto Roriz/Aragonez (Portugal)
Ull de Llebre (Catalonia)

182
Q

?? Which grape varieties is an important grape for rosado wine in Spain?

A

Garnacha

183
Q

?? What is Rosado wine called in Cigales, Navarra, Valdepeñas?

A

aloques

184
Q

?? What does “aloques” mean?

A

Rosado wine

184
Q

?? What percentage of the world’s rosé wine comes from Spain?

A

25%

185
Q

?? What’s Spanish traditional style Rosato?

A

Aged for long periods in American oak and higher in alcohol and deeper color;
usually blend both red and white varieties and implement a period of skin maceration.

186
Q

?? Which river seperates Galicia and Minho?

A

Minho River

187
Q

?? What’s “estate” called in Rias Baixas?

A

Pazo

188
Q

?? Name the first commercial winery in Rias Baixas? When was it established?

A

Palacio de Fefiñanes, in 1904

189
Q

?? When did Rias Baixas become a DO? What was the initial name?

A

In 1988; Albariño DO

190
Q

In 1988; Albariño DO

A

Xabre (x读s)

191
Q

?? What’s xabre?

A

Local name for Granite soil in Rias Baixas

192
Q

?? Name the 5 subzones of Rias Baixas?

A

Ribeira do Ulla, Val do Salnés, Soutomaior, O Rosal, Condado do Tea

193
Q

?? Which subregion of Rias Baixas is the southernmost?

A

O Rosal

193
Q

?? Which subregion of Rias Baixas is the northernmost?

A

Ribeira do Ulla

194
Q

?? Which is the most historic subregion of Rias Baixas?

A

Val do Salnés

194
Q

?? Which is the largest subregion of Rias Baixas?

A

Val do Salnés

194
Q

?? Which subregion of Rias Baixas contains more than half of the region’s planted hectarage?

A

Val do Salnés

195
Q

?? Which is the coldest and wettest subregion of Rias Baixas?

A

Val do Salnés

195
Q

?? Which subregion of Rias Baixas is on the Atlantic coast?

A

Val do Salnés

196
Q

?? Which subregion of Rias Baixas is between Val do Salnés and Santiago de Compostela?

A

Ribeira do Ulla

197
Q

?? Which river is through Ribeira do Ulla?

A

Ulla river

198
Q

?? Where is Ribeira do Ulla?

A

A subregion of Rias Baixas

199
Q

?? Where is Val do Salnés？

A

A subregion of Rias Baixas

199
Q

?? Which is the youngest subzone of Rias Baixas?

A

Ribeira do Ulla

200
Q

?? Which subzone of Rias Baixas is the smallest in production and size?

A

Soutomaior

201
Q

?? Where is Soutomaior?

A

A subregion of Rias Baixas

202
Q

?? Which two subzones of Rias Baixas are bordered Portugal?

A

O Rosal and Condado do Tea

203
Q

?? Which two subzones of Rias Baixas reach the Atlantic Ocean ?

A

Val do Salnés and O Rosal

204
Q

?? Which subregion produces the most red wine in Rias Baixas?

A

Condado do Tea

205
Q

?? Where is O Rosal?

A

A subregion of Rias Baixas

205
Q

?? What’s the wine style of O Rosal?

A

Broader, richer style of Albarino

206
Q

?? Which is the warmest and driest subregion of Rias Baixas?

A

Condado do Tea

207
Q

?? What’s the training system in Rias Baixas?

A

Parral or Pergola

208
Q

?? What is Pergola called in Rias Baixas?

A

Parral

209
Q

?? What’s the average vineyard size in Rias Baixas?

A

Small plots: 0.6ha split into 4 parcels

210
Q

?? What’s the % of Albariño’s total plantings in Rias Baixas?

A

96%

211
Q

?? Which other white grapes are also planted in Rias Baixas?

A

Loureira, Treixadura, Caíño Blanco, Torrontés, and Godello

212
Q

?? If want to be varietally labeled, what’s the % of Albarino must be composed for Rias Baixas wine?

A

100%

213
Q

?? Which subregion of Rias Baixas can not be labeled subzone?

A

Soutomaior

214
Q

?? What’s the climate of Rias Baixas?

A

Maritime

215
Q

?? What’s the average temperature in Rias Baixas?

A

The coolest Val do Salnés12.7C°
The warmest Condado do Tea 15C°

215
Q

?? What’s the average annual rainfall in Rias Baixas?

A

1918mm

216
Q

?DOs in Calicia?

A

five DOs:Rías Baixas,Ribeiro,Valdeorras,Ribeira Sacra, andMonterrei.

217
Q

?? In which region is Ribadavia located?

A

Ribeiro

218
Q

?? Where do the rivers Miño and Avia converge?

A

The town of Ribadavia

219
Q

?? Which subregion of Rias Baixas borders Ribeiro region?

A

Condado do Tea

220
Q

?? Which is the most important grape in Ribeiro?

A

Treixadura (semi-aromatic)

221
Q

?? Which type of wine is mainly produced in Ribeiro ? how many % of this type?

A

White wine; 90%

222
Q

?? Name the two major rivers of Ribeira Sacra?

A

Sil and Miño

222
Q

?? What’s the meaning of the name of Ribeira Sacra?

A

Sacred riverbanks神圣的河岸

223
Q

?? Name 4 regions in the world planting vines on the very steep descending hillsides?

A

Ribeira Sacra, Mosel, Douro, Northern Rhone

224
Q

?? Name 3 key producers in Ribeira Sacra?

A

Guímaro, Algueira, and Dominio do Bibei

225
Q

?? Name 5 subzones of Ribeira Sacra?

A

Chantada, Ribeiras do Miño, Amandi, Ribeiras do Sil, Quiroga-Bibei

226
Q

?? Which subzones of Ribeira Sacra are on the bank of Miño River?

A

Chantada (west/right bank), Ribeiras do Miño (east bank)

227
Q

?? Which subzone of Ribeira Sacra is on the west/right bank of Mino River?

A

Chantada

227
Q

?? Where is Amandi located?

A

Nothern bank of Sil River in Ribeira Sacra

228
Q

?? Which subzone of Ribeira Sacra is on the southern/left bank of Sil River?

A

Ribeiras do Sil

229
Q

?? Which subzone of Ribeira Sacra is the most historic?

A

Amandi

230
Q

?? Which subzone of Ribeira Sacra sits the appellation’s center?

A

Amandi

231
Q

?? Which subzone of Ribeira Sacra produces the highest quality wine? Why?

A

Amandi, it sits on the steep northern slopes of the Sil river.

232
Q

?? Which subzone of Ribeira Sacra is opposite Ribeiras do Miño?

A

Chantada

233
Q

?? Which subzone of Ribeira Sacra is carved in half by Sil river?

A

Quiroga-Bibei

234
Q

?? What’s the soil types along Sil?

A

Upper Sil more slate, lower is granite

235
Q

?? What’s the microclimate in Sil Valley?

A

Drier and slightly cooler than Miño

236
Q

?? Which subzone occupies Ribeira Sacra’s eastern sector?

A

Quiroga-Bibei

237
Q

?? Which is the most important grape variety in Ribeira Sacra? How many % of total vineyards?

A

Mencia; 90%

238
Q

?? Which region’s mencia is lighter in body and crunchier but same complex between Bierzo and Ribeira Sacra?

A

Ribeira Sacra

239
Q

?? What’s the local name for Bastardo in Ribeira Sacra?

A

Merenzao

240
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Sousón in Portugal?

A

Vinhão

241
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Vinhão in Spain?

A

Sousón

242
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Brancellao in Portugal?

A

Alvarelhão

243
Q

?? What’s the synonym of Alvarelhão in Spain?

A

Brancellao

244
Q

?? Name other red grape varieties produced in Ribeira Sacra, apart from Mencia?

A

Merenzao (very floral), Brancellao (elegant), Sousón (pigmented and tannic), Caiño Tinto

245
Q

?? What does “Summum” mean?

A

It identifies the use of at least 85% principal grapes for both whites and reds.

246
Q

?? Name three great white grapes in Galicia?

A

Albarino, Godello, Treixadura

247
Q

?? What’s Vino Tostado?

A

“toasted wine/roasted wine”, a historic style in Spain, similar to Italian Vin Santo.
White or red grapes are dried to mini. Must weight of 350g/l, then fermented and aged in oak or cherry casks for min. 6months, followed by a min. 3 in bottle.

248
Q

?? Where is Valdeorras?

A

In Galicia

249
Q

?? Which is the easternmost appellation in Galicia?

A

Valdeorras

250
Q

?? Which region bridges Ribeira Sacra with Castilla y Leon’s Bierzo?

A

Valdeorras

251
Q
A
252
Q
A
253
Q
A
253
Q
A
253
Q
A
254
Q
A
255
Q
A
256
Q
A

MS Study (17 decks)

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