Southwest Flashcards

1
Q

What region(s) does the SW occupy?

A

Nouvelle-Aquitane
Occitanie
Aquitaine Basin

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2
Q

How many appellations in the SW?

A

~30

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3
Q

Describe the climate?

A

Overall Continental
Berserac - Maritime influences
Tarn - Mari/Med influences
Pyranees - Mari/ Alpine influences

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4
Q

Eastern vineyards are impacted by…

A

Massif Central

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5
Q

What is the Dordogne/Bergerac subregion know as?

A

Périgord

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6
Q

Top 2 production areas?

A

Bergerac (22%)
Cahors (12%)

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7
Q

What is most similar to Bordeaux?

A

Dordogne / Bergerac

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8
Q

Principal white grape in Dordogne / Bergerac?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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9
Q

What does Bergerac AOC produce?

A

White, red, rosé

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10
Q

What is the primary rules for Bergerac AOC?

A

2 grapes at least 50%

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11
Q

What AOC makes red and semi-sweet wines in Dordogne/Bergerac?

A

Côtes de Bergerac
NO DRY WHITES

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12
Q

What wine is sweeter than Sauternes?

A

Monbazillac

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13
Q

What are the sweetness requirements for Monbazillac

A

Sweet white - 4.5%
SGN - 8.5%

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14
Q

What AOC only makes sweet whites and Selection de Grains?

A

Monbazillac

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15
Q

What Dordogne’s AOCs that only makes sweet white with Noble Rot?

A

Saussignac
Monbazillac

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16
Q

What is the largest desert wine AOC in France?

A

Monbazillac

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17
Q

What are the rules for Monbazillac

A

Hand Harvest
Late harvest or Noble Rot
80% from primary grape
12% ABV min

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18
Q

What is the minimum Sweetness for Saussignac?

A

6.8%
Can be late harvest or Noble Rot

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19
Q

Soils of Bergerac

A

Clay and Limestone

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20
Q

What river flows through Bergerac?

A

Dordogne

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21
Q

Where is Dordogne/Berserac located?

A

West of Entre-des-Mer and Right Bank

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22
Q

Primary white grape in Garonne, Tarn, Lot

A

Len de l’El for dry and sweet whites

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23
Q

Primary white grape for sparkling in Gaillac?

A

Mauzac Blanc

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24
Q

Primary Gris Grape in Garonne, Tarn, Lot?

A

Mauzac Rose

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25
Q

Primary Red Grape in Garonne, Tarn, Lot

A

Côt

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26
Q

Primary red grape in Gaillac

A

Fer Servadou - “Braucol”

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27
Q

Where is Nègrette found as primary grape?

A

Fronton

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28
Q

Who makes 40%-100% Nègrette wines?

A

Fronton

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29
Q

What are the soils of Fronton?

A

Boulbènes - sandy clays

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30
Q

What does Gaillac produce?

A

white, red, rosé, sweet white, VTs, sparkling white and rosé

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31
Q

What AOC uses Syrah?

A

Gaillac

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32
Q

What AOC uses Duras?

A

Gaillac

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33
Q

What AOC in Garonne, Tarn, Lot only produces red wines?

A

Cahors from Côt

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34
Q

What is Côt know in Cahors?

A

Auxerrois

35
Q

Where do you find the “Black Wines”

A

Cahors

36
Q

What is the limestone plataeu called in Cahors?

A

Causses Plateau

37
Q

What river runs through Cahors?

A

Lot

38
Q

What river runs through Gaillac

A

Tarn

39
Q

What “prickly” wine can be made either CO2 captured during MLF or CO2 added after MLF?

A

Blanc Sec Perlé
(Gaillac - Len de l’El or Mauzac)

40
Q

Who makes a primeur style white?

A

Gaillac

41
Q

Who makes a primeur style red from 100% Gamay?

A

Gaillac Primeur

42
Q

What is a dry white blended with Mauzac and Mauzac Rose, Muscadelle and Len de l”El?

A

Gaillac Blanc Sec

43
Q

Methode Ancestral made from Mauzac Blanc and Mauzac Rose?

A

Gaillac Sparkling - Methode Ancestral

44
Q

What is the traditional method sparkling made from Len de l’El and Mauzac?

A

Gaillac Sparkling - Methode Traditionalle

45
Q

What is a red blending of at least 2 Duras, Syrah and Fer Servadou?

A

Gaillac Rouge

46
Q

What is a rosé blending of at least 2 Duras, Syrah and Fer Servadou?

A

Gaillac Rosé

47
Q

A sweet Mazauc & Len de l’El with 4.5% rs?

A

Gaillac Doux

48
Q

A VT made from Len de l’El and Ondenc via passerillage or Noble Rot?

A

Gaillac Vendages Tardives

49
Q

Which rivers flow around Fronton

A

Tarn and Garrone

50
Q

What area is know for the Mansengs?

A

Pyrenees

51
Q

What is the AOC who only makes reds with Tanat as the base?

A

Madiran

52
Q

Where would you find pebbled-studded limestone rich clay and silt soils with some iron?

A

Madiran

53
Q

What is also made within the Madiran AOC?

A

Béarn AOC

54
Q

What AOC makes dry and sweet whites in the same area a Madiran?

A

Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh

55
Q

What does the label Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh indicate?

A

Sweet wine 4.5%

56
Q

How are Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh dry whites labeled?

A

Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh Sec

57
Q

How are sweet whites from Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh made?

A

Passerillage 4.5% rs

58
Q

What are the grapes for Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh?

A

Gros Manseng
Petite Manseng
Courbu
Petit Courbu

59
Q

What river and which bank does Madiran and Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh sit?

A

Adour
Left Bank

60
Q

What does Jurançon produce?

A

Dry, semi-sweet, sweet, VT whites

61
Q

When a label is Jurançon what style?

A

Sweet 94.0%

62
Q

Primary grapes of Jurançon?

A

Gros Manseng
Petit Manseng

63
Q

What rivers are Jurançon between

A

Gave d’Oloron
Gave de Pau

64
Q

What is the SW most AOC and what does it produce?

A

Irouléguy
white, red, rosé

65
Q

What is the only French Basque AOC?

A

Irouléguy

66
Q

Where are the vineyards of Irouléguy located.

A

Steep slopes sheltered from N and W winds
High acidity

67
Q

What must be contained in Irouléguy reds?

A

Tanant or CabFranc

68
Q

What are the white grapes of Irouléguy

A

Gros Manseng
Petite Manseng
Courbu
Petit Courbu

69
Q

What river runs through Irouléguy?

A

Nive

70
Q

A wine only from Gros or Petite Manseng, passerillage with 2 minimum passing. Harvest after Nov 2- 2 year aging

A

Jurançon Vendanges Tardives

71
Q

What is the most produced grape in the SW

A

Merlot

72
Q

What sweet wines do not use Noble Rot?

A

Jurançon
Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh

73
Q

France’s 2nd largest IGP?

A

Côtes du Gascogne
(Pay d’Oc #1)

74
Q

What IGP produces 75% dry white?

A

Côtes du Gascogne

75
Q

What AOC has the same production zone as Côtes du Gascogne?

A

Armagnac

76
Q

Gallet stones found in Jurançon are called…..

A

Poudingues

77
Q

How much Côt does Cahors require?

A

70%

78
Q

Cahors can add what other grapes to Côt

A

Tannat
Merlot

79
Q

How much Tanat is required in Madiran?

A

> 50%

80
Q

What is methode gaillacoise?

A

Gaillac term for Ancestral Method for sparkling

81
Q

What are the 3 sparkling wines from Gaillac?

A

Gaillac Methode Ancestrale
Traditional
Blanc Sec Perlé

82
Q

What is Liquoreux?

A

Sweet wines from Noble Rot

83
Q

Majority of Irouléguey production is what?

A

Red