Southern Italy Flashcards
1
Q
Grillo is a natural crossing of?
A
Catarratto Bianco Lucido and Zibibbo
2
Q
Nerello Mascalese is a natural crossing of?
A
Sangiovese and Mantonico Bianco
3
Q
Primitivo is genetically the same as?
A
Zinfandel in California and Crljenak Kaštelanski, or Tribidrag, in Croatia, where it originated
4
Q
Which is Italy’s second most planted red grape?
A
Montepulciano
5
Q
Abruzzo is home to two DOCG?
A
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane and Terre Tollesi/Tullum
6
Q
The region-wide Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC requires a minimum of?
A
85% Montepulciano, with some subzones requiring higher percentages or monovarietal wines
max. 15% other red grapes suitable for production in Abruzzo.
Terre di Casauria: 100% Montepulciano.
Terre dei Vestini/Teate:
min. 90% Montepulciano,
max. 10% other red grapes suitable for production in Abruzzo.
Alto Tirino/Terre dei Peligni:
min. 95% Montepulciano,
max. 5% other red grapes suitable for production in Abru
Rosso: Wines may be released March 1 on the year following harvest.
Rosso Riserva: Wines must be aged for a min. 2 years from November 1 on the year of harvest, including min 9 months in wood
7
Q
Within Vestini is the important wine district Loreto Aprutino, home to one of Abruzzo’s iconic producers?
A
Valentini
8
Q
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo has a maximum elevation of?
A
600 meters (1,970 feet) generally, or up to 700 meters (2,300 feet) for vineyards with direct southern exposure
9
Q
Colline Teramane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG grapes, styles and ageing requierements?
A
Colline Teramane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
Colline TeramaneMontepulciano d’Abruzzo Riserva
Varieties:
Minimum 90% Montepulciano
Maximum 10% Sangiovese
Minimum Alcohol: 12.5%
Aging Requirements:
Colline Teramane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo : Minimum 1 year from November 1 of the harvest year, including 2 months in bottle
Riserva: Minimum 3 years from November 1 of the harvest year, including a minimum one year in either oak or chestnut and a minimum 6 months in bottle
10
Q
Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC styles, grapes and ageing requierements?
A
Rosato
Rosato Superiore
Varieties: Min. 85% Montepulciano, max. 15% other red grapes suitable for production in Abruzzo.
Minimum Alcohol:
Rosato: 12%
Rosato Superiore: 12.5%
Aging Requirements:
Rosato: Wines may be released on January 1 of the year after harvest.
Superiore: Wines may be released on March 1 of the year after harvest
11
Q
Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC styles, varieties and ageing requierements?
A
Bianco
Bianco Superiore
Bianco Riserva
Varieties:
Min. 85% combined Trebbiano Abruzzese, Trebbiano Toscano, and/or Bombino Bianco.
Max. 15% other non-aromatic white grapes suitable for production in Abruzzo
Bianco: Wines may be released on January 1 of the year following harvest.
Superiore: Wines may be released on March 1 of the year following harvest.
Riserva: Wines must be aged for min. 18 months from November 1 on the year of harvest. Wines may be released on May 1 of the second year after harvest.
Subzone-labeled wines must be at Superiore and Riserva level
12
Q
Molise’s most planted grape varieties, like Abruzzo’s, are?
A
Montepulciano (51%) and Trebbiano (12%).
12
Q
Molise has DOCG?
A
NO
lowest percentage of wine at the DOC/G level (7%). Co-op and bulk production are common. Molise has no DOCGs, four noncontiguous DOCs, and two IGPs
12
Q
Terre Tollesi / Tullum DOCG styles and varieties?
A
Varietal Passerina
Varietal Pecorino
Rosso
Rosso Riserva
Spumante Bianco (Dosaggio Zero to Dolce)
Varieties:
Pecorino and Passerina:
min. 90% state variety,
max. 10% combined other white grapes suitable for cultivation in Abruzzo region.
Rosso/Rosso Riserva:
min. 95% Montepulciano,
max. 5% combined other non-aromatic red grapes suitable for cultivation in Abruzzo region.
Spumante:
min. 60% Chardonnay,
max. 40% combined other non-aromatic white grapes suitable for cultivation in Abruzzo region
13
Q
Molise is home to which grape?
A
Tintilia
14
Q
Tintilia wines are typically?
A
High in acidity, full bodied, deeply colored, and lightly aromatic, with spicy, floral, and herbal flavors. The grape performs best above 400 meters (1,300 feet) in elevation
15
Q
Tintilia del Molise DOC, established in 2011, allows?
A
red and rosato wines based on a minimum of 95% Tintilia and mandates a minimum elevation of 200 meters (650 feet). A Riserva version for reds requires a higher ABV, at 13%, and a minimum aging of two years.
16
Q
Molise’s other denominations include?
A
Biferno DOC
Molise DOC
Pentro di Isernia DOC
17
Q
More than 70% of Molise’s production is?
A
Red wine, and the DOCs authorize a wide range of wine styles and both varietal wines and blends from international and native grapes, such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Aglianico, Montepulciano, Chardonnay, Fiano, and Falanghina.
18
Q
How many DOCGs and DOCs has Castel del Monte in Puglia?
A
Castel del Monte lends its name to three of Puglia’s DOCGs and one overarching DOC
19
Q
The most important grape of the Castel del Monte area is?
A
Uva di Troia, also called Nero di Troia
20
Q
Uva di Troia yields wines that are?
A
medium bodied and well structured, with flavors of red cherries, red currants, orange blossom, black pepper, tobacco, and underbrush.
Plantings have increased in the 21st century, both for monovarietal wines and for adding freshness and finesse to Puglian blends
21
Q
Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG requires a minimum of?
A
65% Uva di Troia
Max. 35% other non-aromatic red grapes suitable for cultivation in the “Murgia Centrale” region of Puglia
Min. 2 years from November 1 of the harvest year, including at least 1 year in wood
22
Q
Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva DOCG requieres?
A
is for varietal wines with at least 90% of the grape variety
Min. 2 years from November 1 of the harvest year, including at least 1 year in wood
23
Castel del Monte Bombino Nero DOCG requieres?
Castel del Monte is also home to a unique rosato-only DOCG based on the red grape Bombino Nero, which is required at a minimum of 90%
24
The rosato wines are fresh, fruity, and floral, with flavors of red berries and citrus, and the DOCG sets a maximum of grams of residual sugar per liter?
10
25
The overarching Castel del Monte DOC is for?
white, rosato, red, and sparkling wines made from a wide range of international and native grape varieties, including Aglianico, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and the white Bombino Bianco (unrelated to Bombino Nero).
26
Tavoliere DOC, or Tavoliere delle Puglie DOC, is to the north of Castel del Monte and also focuses on?
Uva di Troia. Its red and rosato wines require a minimum of 65% of the grape, and, if labeled Nero di Troia, they must have a minimum of 90%. Red wines at the Riserva level require a minimum aging of two years, including at least eight months in wood.
27
Primitivo di Manduria DOC is for?
red wines with a minimum of 85% Primitivo. The Riserva level requires a minimum aging of two years, with at least nine months in barrel, along with a minimum 14% ABV, up from 13.5% ABV for Normale
Rosso: wines may not be released before March 31 of the year following the harvest
28
The separate Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG, elevated in 2011, is for?
Sweet passito wines based on 100% Primitivo. The grapes must be air-dried to achieve a minimum potential alcohol of 16%, and the final wines require a minimum 13% ABV and at least 50 grams of residual sugar per liter
29
Moving south from Castel del Monte, past the capital city of Bari and toward central Puglia which grape gains prominence?
Primitivo
30
Gioia del Colle DOC allows varietal wines made of ?
100% Primitivo, as well as red and rosato blends based on 50%–60% Primitivo, along with Malvasia Nera, Montepulciano, Negroamaro, and/or Sangiovese. Primitivo Riserva requires a minimum aging of two years and a minimum 14% ABV, up from 13% ABV for varietal Primitivo. White blends in the DOC are based on Trebbiano Toscano, and sweet dessert wines here are based on Aleatico rather than Primitivo. These wines may be passito or fortified (in a style similar to the region-wide Aleatico di Puglia DOC).
31
In the southern third of Puglia on the Salento peninsula, the most important grape variety is?
Negroamaro
32
Red wines from Negroamaro are typically?
full bodied and high in tannin, with flavors of black fruit, tobacco, and black licorice. The rosato wines can be as deeply colored as a pale red, and flavorful, sometimes with residual sugar
33
The most well-known denomination for Negroamaro is ?
Salice Salentino DOC
34
Salice Salentino DOC, which for red and rosato wines requires a minimum of?
Rosso/Rosato:
minimum 75% Negroamaro
maximum 25% other black grapes suitable for cultivation in Puglia
Negroamaro/Negroamaro Rosato:
minimum 90% Negroamaro
maximum 10% other black grapes suitable for cultivation in Puglia
35
The red Riserva wines based on Negroamaro require a minimum aging of?
two years, including at least six months in wood
36
Apart from rosso/rosato Salice Salentino DOC produces?
It also allows varietal and sparkling wines based on Chardonnay, Fiano, and Pinot Bianco, and sweet passito and fortified wines based on Aleatico
37
Brindisi DOC, which requires a minimum of?
70% Negroamaro for red and rosato wines, or a minimum of 85% if varietally labeled. The DOC also allows white and sparkling wines made of Chardonnay, Malvasia Bianca, Fiano, Sauvignon Blanc, and other grapes.
38
While Puglia is mostly known for red and rosato wines, it does have white grapes of distinction such as?
Verdeca and Bombino Bianco
in central Puglia include the aromatic Minutolo, also known as Fiano Minutolo or Fiano Aromatico, and Bianco d’Alessano, which is often blended with Verdeca. Much of the Trebbiano Toscano in Puglia is used for vermouth production
Verdeca was historically known as a base wine for vermouth production but is increasingly used for standout monovarietal wines and white blends. Named for the green color of its berries, it is genetically identical to the Greek variety Lagorthi. Verdeca is also a parent, along with Zinfandel, of the Croatian red grape Plavina. Verdeca white wines are fresh and crisp, with delicate herbal and green apple flavors.
39
Taurasi DOCG in Campania varieties, styles, min alc and ageing requierements?
Taurasi
Taurasi Riserva
Varieties:
Minimum 85% Aglianico
Combined maximum 15% other non-aromatic red grapes of Avellino
Minimum Alcohol:
Taurasi: 12%
Riserva: 12.5%
Aging Requirements:
Taurasi: Minimum 3 years from December 1 of the harvest year, including at least one year in wood
Riserva: Minimum 4 years from December 1 of the harvest year, including at least 18 months in wood
40
Which is southern Italy's first DOCG?
Taurasi in 1993
41
Taurasi's soils, topography and style?
Volcanic
300 and 600 meters (980 and 1,970 feet) above sea level, although some are at nearly 800 meters (2,620 feet) in elevation
There are still ungrafted Aglianico vines in the area, including some that are 200 years old—perhaps the oldest vines in Italy
The Taurasi biotype is the most floral of the Aglianicos and, with an aroma of red rose, is the most frequently compared to Nebbiolo
42
Aglianico remained a focus of the Irpinia region due to the efforts of?
Mastroberardino
43
To the northwest of Taurasi in the Benevento province is the DOCG of?
Aglianico del Taburno DOCG, elevated to DOCG status in 2011 and covering 13 communes, mainly on the eastern side of Mount Taburno
44
Aglianico del Taburno DOCG varieties, styles, min alc and ageing requierements?
Aglianico del Taburno Rosato
Aglianico del Taburno Rosso
Aglianico del Taburno Rosso Riserva
Varieties:
Minimum 85% Aglianico
Combined maximum 15% other non-aromatic red grapes of Benevento
Minimum Alcohol:
Rosato and Rosso: 12%
Rosso Riserva: 13%
Aging Requirements:
Rosato: May not be released prior to March 1 of the year following the harvest
Rosso: Min 2 years from November 1 of the harvest year
Rosso Riserva: Min. 3 years from November 1 of the harvest year, including at least 1 year in wood and 6 months in bottle
45
Aglianico del Taburno soils?
This limestone massif has calcareous clay soils, and, compared with Taurasi, the area is generally cooler, with considerably more rainfall (up to 1,600 millimeters, or 63 inches, annually) and even wider diurnal variations
46
The soils of Fiano di Avellino are mostly ?
calcareous clay with some volcanic elements, although given the large size of the denomination, they vary in composition. The eastern part of the DOCG has clay-dominated soils and yields pristine, mineral, lacy Fiano wines. The southern sector is at the lowest elevation and has loosely packed sand. The wines made in this area are lighter bodied, fruity, and best for earlier consumption. The northern section is rich in volcanic tuff and clay, and the Sabato River has a more moderating influence here, resulting in bigger, more savory wines. The northwestern area is higher up in the foothills, with very poor, rocky soils and a thin layer of volcanic ash. The Fiano wines produced here are richer, more powerful, and the smokiest and most ageworthy examples of the grape
47
Fiano di Avellino DOCG styles, varieties, min alc and ageing requierements?
Bianco
Bianco Riserva
Varieties:
Minimum 85% Fiano
Maximum 15% combined Trebbiano Toscano, Coda di Volpe, and/or Greco
Minimum Alcohol: 11.5%
Aging: For Riserva, min. 1 year, may be released no earlier than Nov. 1 in the year after harvest
48
By the mid-20th century, Fiano had largely been forgotten and abandoned until?
Antonio Mastroberardino sought out old vines of Fiano remaining in some vineyards around Avellino. Mastroberardino produced its first vintage of Fiano in 1945, making only 30 bottles.
49
Greco di Tufo DOCG styles, varieties, min alc and ageing requierements?
Bianco
Bianco Riserva
Bianco Spumante
Bianco Spumante Riserva
Varieties:
Minimum 85% Greco
Maximum 15% Coda di Volpe
Minimum Alcohol:
Greco di Tufo: 11.5%
Spumante: 12%
Aging Requirements:
Bianco Riserva: Min. 1 year aging from November 1 of the harvest year
Spumante: Min. 18 months aging in bottle from November 1 of the harvest year
Spumante Riserva: Min. 36 months aging in bottle from November 1 of the harvest year
50
Greco di Tufo soils and elevations?
The town of Tufo was named after the soft volcanic rock used for construction. The area around the commune of Tufo has extreme viticulture on very steep slopes, with vineyards planted between 500 and 600 meters (1,640 and 1,970 feet) above sea level. The volcanic soils are rich in clay, limestone, and gravel, with chalk and sulfur elements, and very poor in nutrients
51
Greco di Tufo style of wine?
Greco wines have a deeper yellow hue when compared with wines made with other Campanian grapes, such as Fiano, and they are more opulent, with higher alcohol, high acidity, fuller body, and an oily, tannic texture—often described by locals as “a red dressed like a white.”
52
Falanghina del Sannio DOC, established in 2011, covers the entire Benevento province, allowing?
still white, sparkling, and sweet late-harvest and passito wines based on a minimum of 85% Falanghina
53
The white grape Coda di Volpe Bianca, named for clusters shaped like a fox’s tail, may be bottled as a varietal wine in?
Sannio or Irpinia DOC, but it is more often used as a blending grape. It has lower acidity and a round, creamy texture that can soften the structure of Fiano or Greco
54
Irpinia DOC produces?
white wines that must include both Fiano and Greco; red and rosato wines based on a minimum of 70% Aglianico; and other sparkling, sweet, and varietal wines
55
Sannio DOC produces?
a wide variety of white, rosato, red, sparkling, and sweet wines in the Benevento province. They may be blends or varietally labeled, or they may feature dual varieties on the label (for example, Aglianico-Piedirosso). The white blends must include a minimum of 50% Malvasia Bianca di Candia and/or Trebbiano Toscano, and the red and rosato wines a minimum of 50% Sangiovese
56
The white, red, rosato, and spumante wines may be labeled Lacryma Christi del Vesuvio if?
they have a higher minimum 12% ABV.
57
Vesuvio DOC is named for the famous volcano and allows a wide range of?
white, rosato, red, sparkling, and sweet passito and fortified wines. The white wines must include a minimum of 45% Coda di Volpe and/or Caprettone and may also include Falanghina, Greco, and other white grapes. The red and rosato wines must include a minimum 50% Piedirosso; these can also include Aglianico, Olivella, Sciascinoso, and others
58
the second most planted red grape in Campania and the top red in the Napoli province, appearing in a number of DOCs and IGTs is?
The red grape Piedirosso (“red feet”)
It has a pale red color, flavors of red berries and tar, and floral and herbal notes. Because of its lower acidity and softer tannins, Piedirosso is often used as a blending grape with Aglianico
59
On the island of Ischia, off the coast of Naples, Ischia DOC allows?
Red blends based on Piedirosso and Guarnaccia, the local name for Grenache. The white and sparkling wines of Ischia rely on the local grapes Forastera and Biancolella, which are both herbal and saline. Forastera has a richer mouthfeel, and Biancolella is brighter and fresher. Varietal and passito Piedirosso wines are also made
60
Costa d’Amalfi DOC, best known for the wines of?
Marisa Cuomo, allows a wide range of white, rosato, red, sparkling, and passito wines. Whites are based on Biancolella, Falanghina, and other grapes, while red and rosato wines are primarily based on Piedirosso, along with Aglianico, Sciascinoso, and others
61
North of Naples toward Lazio is?
Falerno del Massica DOC, named for the famous Falernian wine. The DOC features Falanghina-based whites, Aglianico-based reds, and varietal Primitivo.
62
How many DOCGs and DOCs exist in Basilicata?
one DOCG, four DOCs, and one region-wide IGP
63
Aglianico del Vulture DOC styles, varieties, min alc and ageing requierements?
Rosso
Rosso Spumante (Traditional Method)
Varieties:
100% Aglianico
Minimum Alcohol: 12.5%
Aging Requirements:
Rosso: Wines may be released on September 1 of the year after harvest
Spumante: The refermentation process in bottle must take place over no less than 9 months
64
Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG styles, varieties, min alc and ageing requierements?
Superiore
Superiore Riserva
Varieties: 100% Aglianico
Minimum Alcohol: 13.5%
Aging Requirements:
Superiore: 12 months in barrel, 12 months in bottle, not to be released before November 1 of the third year following the harvest
Riserva: 2 years in barrel and 12 months in bottle, not to be released before November 1 of the fifth year following the harvest
65
All vineyards for Aglianico del Vulture must be planted at which elevations?
200-700m on the Mount Vulture
66
Name some top producers from Taurasi
Feudi di San Grigorio
Mastroberardino
Salvatore Molettieri
Quintodecimo
67
Name some top producers from Aglianico del Vulture
Elena Fucci
D'Angelo
Paternoster
68
More than three-quarters of Calabria's wine production is?
red, and its top grape is Gaglioppo
69
Name the most famous DOC of Calabria
Cirò DOC
70
Cirò DOC styles, grapes and ageing requierements?
Styles:
Bianco
Rosato
Rosso
Rosso Superiore
Rosso Superiore Riserva
Rosso Classico
Rosso Classico Superiore
Rosso Classico Superiore Riserva
Varieties:
Bianco:
min. 80% Greco Bianco,
max. 20% other white varieties approved for production in Calabria.
Rosato/Rosso:
min. 80% Gaglioppo,
max. 20% other red varieties approved for production in Calabria including;
max. 10% combined Barbera, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Sangiovese, and Merlot.
Rosso: Wines can be released on June 1 of the year after harvest.
Rosso Superiore Riserva/Rosso Superiore Classico Riserva: Wines must be aged min. 2 years from January 1 of the year after harvest.
71
Name the top producer and wine of Calabria
In the late 1980s, Librandi, the dominant producer in Calabria, introduced its Gravello wine, a so-called Super Calabrian blend of Gaglioppo and Cabernet Sauvignon, aged in French barriques, and labeled as an IGT wine. Later, Cirò DOC was amended to allow Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Merlot in blends; these deepen the color and add international appeal.
72
Greco Bianco is used only for dry white wines in Cirò DOC but reaches its best quality expression in the sweet passito wines of?
Greco di Bianco DOC. (Note that Greco Bianco is the grape variety and Greco di Bianco is the denomination.) Named for the commune of Bianco, at the southeastern tip of Calabria, Greco di Bianco DOC requires a minimum of 95% of the Greco Bianco variety and at least one year of aging for the air-dried wines
73
A renewed focus on quality wine emerged in the 1970s and 1980s in Sicily by which producers?
Marco De Bartoli, COS, Donnafugata, Planeta, and Benanti
74
Sicily’s most planted variety is?
Catarratto, followed by Nero d’Avola
75
On the eastern coast of Sicily, just north of the city of Catania, Mount Etna is the largest active volcano in Europe, at about?
3,350m
76
Etna became Sicily’s first DOC in?
1968
77
Training systems in Etna?
Alberello vine training is common on Etna, and bush vines, because they are freestanding, can tolerate the high winds
78
Etna DOC styles, grapes and ageing requierements?
Bianco
Bianco Superiore
Rosso / Rosso Riserva
Rosato
Spumante (rosato or bianco)
Varieties:
Bianco
minimum 60% Carricante
maximum 40% Catarratto Bianco Comune or Catarratto Bianco Lucido
maximum 15% Trebbiano and/or Minella Bianca and/or other nonaromatic white grapes suitable for cultivation in Sicilia
Bianco Superiore
minimum 80% Carricante
maximum 20% Trebbiano and/or Minella Bianca and/or other nonaromatic white grapes suitable for cultivation in Sicilia
Rosso/Rosato
minimum 80% Nerello Mascalese
maximum 20% Nerello Mantellato (Nerello Cappuccio)
maximum 10% nonaromatic white grapes suitable for cultivation in Sicilia
Spumante (rosato or bianco)
minimum 80% Nerello Mascalese
maximum 20% other grapes suitable for cultivation in Sicilia
Rosso Riserva: wines must undergo a minimum 4 years aging from November 1 of the harvest year including 12 months in wood.
Additional Requirements:
Rosato may be a product of saignee or blending
Spumante must undergo secondary fermentation in bottle and rest on the lees for a minimum of 18 months.
Bianco Superiore wines may only originate from the commune of Milo
79
Northeast of Etna, at the tip of Cape Peloro, in the province of Messina, is ?
Faro DOC, where Nerello Mascalese is the featured grape
80
Faro DOC styles, grapes and ageing requierements?
Rosso
Varieties:
Rosso
45% - 60% Nerello Mascalese
15% - 30% Nerello Cappuccio
5% - 10% Nocera
maximum 15%, alone or combined, Calabrese (Nero d'Avola), Gaglioppo (Montonico Nero), Sangiovese
minimum 1 year of aging from November 1 of the harvest year.
81
Malvasia delle Lipari DOC covers all the islands and allows for ?
sweet white, passito, and fortified wines based on 92%–95% Malvasia di Lipari. (Note that Malvasia di Lipari is the grape variety, and Malvasia delle Lipari is the DOC.) The wines must also include 5%–8% Corinto Nero, a local red grape that some believe is a mutation of Sangiovese and that gives the wines a coppery tint.
82
Today, the area surrounding the city of Vittoria is home to Sicily’s first and only DOCG?
Cerasuolo di Vittoria, established in 2005
83
Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG styles, grapes, min alc and ageing requierements?
Cerasuolo di Vittoria
Cerasuolo di Vittoria Classico
Varieties:
50-70% Nero d'Avola (Calabrese)
30-50% Frappato
Minimum Alcohol: 12.5%
Aging Requirements:
Cerasuolo di Vittoria: May not be sold until June 1 of the year following the harvest
Cerasuolo di Vittoria Classico: May not be sold until March 31 of the second year following the harvest
84
The Vittoria area is home to star producers such as?
COS and Arianna Occhipinti
85
Vittoria DOC shares the boundaries of Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG and allows?
youthful novello wines as well as varietal wines made of Nero d’Avola (Calabrese), Frappato, and Inzolia
86
The rare sweet wines of this area, Moscato di Noto and Moscato di Siracusa, are made from ?
Moscato Bianco and were absorbed into the broader Noto DOC and Siracusa DOC, respectively. The air-dried passito versions are best known
87
Marsala DOC styles and varieties?
Marsala Oro
Marsala Ambra
Marsala Rubino
Varieties:
Oro/Ambra: Grillo, Ansonica (Inzolia), Catarratto, Damaschino
Rubino: Perricone, Calabrese (Nero d'Avola), and Nerello Mascalese; plus a max. 30% white grapes
88
Marsala DOC min alc and RS?
Minimum Alcohol: 12% (natural)
Fine: 17.5% (after fortification)
Superiore, Vergine, Solera, and Riserva styles: 18% (after fortification)
Residual Sugar Levels:
Secco: max. 40 g/l
Semisecco: 40-100 g/l
Dolce: min. 100 g/l
89
Marsala DOC ageing requierements?
Fine: Min. 1 year in oak or cherry wood
Superiore: Min. 2 years in oak or cherry wood
Superiore Riserva: Min. 4 years in oak or cherry wood
Vergine/Solera: Min. 5 years in oak or cherry wood
Vergine Riserva/Solera Riserva/Vergine and Solera Stravecchio: Min. 10 years in oak or cherry wood
The first 4 months of all aging designations may be in alternative containers
90
While Pantelleria DOC allows many types of wine, from sparkling to fortified, its most renowned offerings are the?
sweet Moscato di Pantelleria and Passito di Pantelleria. These wines are made similarly, from late-harvest Zibibbo dried in the sun either on or off the vine. Moscato di Pantelleria is lighter, fresher, and less sweet, with flavors of dried herbs, fig, ginger, and dried apricot. Passito di Pantelleria is sweeter, lusher, darker, and more concentrated, with flavors of honey, orange marmalade, raisins, and dates
91
Name some top producers and wines from Pantelleria
Marco De Bartoli released his first Passito di Pantelleria in 1984, named Bukkuram (“father of the vineyard”) for the contrada in which the grapes are grown. Donnafugata released the first vintage of its iconic Ben Ryé (“son of the wind”) in 1989
92
Sardinian Vermentino reaches its peak of complexity, austerity, and ageworthiness in the region’s first and only DOCG?
Vermentino di Gallura
93
About two-thirds of Sardinian wine production is ?
red and the remainder white, with 57% at the DOC/G level
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Main grapes of Sardinia?
Its top grape varieties are Cannonau (35%) and Vermentino (28%). Both grow all over the island, but Vermentino is more prevalent in the north and Cannonau in the center and south
95
The Vermentino di Gallura DOCG requires a minimum of?
95% Vermentino, and, for Normale wines, a minimum 12% ABV; wines with a minimum 13% ABV can be labeled Superiore. The Superiore versions are often aged on the lees and in barrel, and they are riper and more full bodied. Sparkling, late-harvest, and passito versions are also authorized
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The island-wide Vermentino di Sardegna DOC requires a minimum of ?
85% Vermentino, and the wines tend to be fruitier and best for earlier consumption, although the diversity of soils and elevations throughout the island allows for a range of styles. Sparkling wines are also authorized and can be made at a range of sweetness levels, from brut nature to demi-sec.
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Cannonau di Sardegna DOC, which requires a minimum?
85% of the grape variety
Classico: minimum 90% Cannonau
Red, rosato, fortified, and passito wines are authorized
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Carignano del Sulcis DOC requires a minimum of ?
85% Carignano. Red, rosato, novello, and passito versions can be produced. Red wines of Riserva level require a minimum 12.5% ABV, and Superiore wines must have a minimum 13% ABV; both require a minimum aging of two years, with at least six months in bottle. These wines, typically from old vines on sandy soils, are powerful, ripe, fleshy, and concentrated
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Moscato Bianco, known as Moscadeddu locally, is used for sparkling, passito, fortified, and late-harvest wines in DOCs such as ?
Moscato di Sorso-Sennori DOC and the island-wide Moscato di Sardegna DOC. Malvasia di Sardegna, which is identical to Sicily’s Malvasia di Lipari and Calabria’s Greco Bianco, is found in the sweet white, sparkling, and passito wines of Malvasia di Bosa DOC. The wines are more powerful and less aromatic than other Malvasias, and a Riserva level requires a minimum aging of two years, including one year in wood
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Nasco di Cagliari DOC, which requires a minimum of?
95% Nasco. The sweet wines are the most interesting and complex
Dry, sweet, and fortified wines can be made
Nasco is one of Sardinia’s oldest grape varieties and is prized for its high quality
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The white grape Torbato is found?
in northwestern Sardinia, yielding fresh, light wines in both still and sparkling versions in Alghero DOC
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Nuragus di Cagliari DOC requires a minimum of?
85% Nuragus produces still and frizzante
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Vernaccia di Oristano DOC wines are made in an ?
oxidative style and can be dry or sweet and fortified or not. They are aged in a solera system of chestnut or oak barrels, which are not completely topped up, encouraging the best wines to develop and age under a layer of flor for a minimum of two years, or three years for Superiore and four years for Riserva. These rare wines can be beautifully complex, with flavors of almond paste, dried apricot, hazelnut, orange rind, fresh herbs, and white chocolate
Vernaccia di Oristano is a white grape unique to Sardinia and unrelated to Italy’s other Vernaccias. It is grown near the central-western city of Oristano
