Sources - Work And Domestic Life (Houses, Water supply, Women, Occupations)

Question 1

Source on houses: Columella

Answer 1

COLUMELLA

• three parts should be divided into winter and summer rooms
• Slaves had worse living conditions
• Shepherds should have rooms next to livestock

Question 2

Source on houses: Horace

Answer 2

HORACE

• countryside was safer, quieter
• city was more luxurious but more dangerous

Question 3

Source on houses: Juvenal

Answer 3

JUVENAL

• Building was safer with better materials in the country: poor in the city
• Poverty in Rome and no help for the poor
• Fires in the city, people at the top would not hear the warning or get out in time
• Rent was high in the city
• “You need to be rich to sleep in Rome.”
• Cramped, busy

Question 4

Source on water supply: Seneca

Answer 4

SENECA

• baths very popular
• central to community
• lots of activities
• big use of water

Question 5

Source on water supply: Vitruvius

Answer 5

VITRUVIUS

• Water was fed to the city from a reservoir, through pipes, tanks
• Tanks for: pools + fountains, baths, private houses
• Tanks prevent shortage of water for public use
• Private houses paid extra tax to help with upkeep of aqueducts

Question 6

Source on women: Columella

Answer 6

COLUMELLA

• The foreman was given a woman to live with him
• Women who were more fertile could get exemption or freedom from work if they produced multiple sons
• Housekeepers were women and they did house work and farm work,

(including wool work, teaching/learning skills, observing stewards/shepherds/slaves and cleaning/airing furniture + sick bays)

Question 7

Source on women: Juvenal/Martial

Answer 7

Women were mistresses to gladiators

Question 8

Source on women: Ovid - At the races

Answer 8

OVID - At The Races

• Men were often very taken with women in public places, v. interested in their movements, way they sit
• Women were compared to goddesses

Question 9

Source on women: Ovid - Fasti

Answer 9

OVID - Fasti

• It was they woman’s job to look after her man in public
• Festivals were named after godesses, showing women were important in Roman society

Question 10

Source on occupations: Columella

Answer 10

COLUMELLA

• Slaves remained in their place of work
• The foreman was expected to be watching work at all times
• Herdsmen, foremen and managers lived in close proximity to livestock
• Foremen should be hard working, dedicated and strong, therefore city men were not appropriate
• Slaves wore practical clothing
• Slave women could be freed after having a certain number of children and were not expected to work in the rain
• Slaves worked hard and were not permitted a lot of leisure time

Question 11

Source on occupations: Cicero

Answer 11

CICERO

• Some jobs were considered lowly e.g. tax collectors, cooks, fishmongers/butchers
• Respected jobs included medicine, teaching, architecture, good farming
• Money lending = murder
• Gladiators were either desperate, foreign or criminals, controlled by their owners and training was must

Question 12

Source on: Soldiers

Answer 12

VEGETIUS

• Soldiers are taught to march in step 20 miles in 5 hours
• Also taught to run, swim and jump so they weren’t weakened in attack
• Trained with heavy swords/shields, morning and afternoon in all weathers
• Belief that experience is better than pure strength
• Would train in all weathers and a variety of tasks e.g. chopping wood, swimming in seas/rivers so that bodies and minds were not weakened