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Latin GCSE > Sources - Occupations And Military > Flashcards

Sources - Occupations And Military Flashcards

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1
Q

A small number of men who lived off an ancestral inheritance or their own careful investments would not need to work for a living. These man were known as ___________

A

Patricians

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2
Q

__________ dominated the unpaid positions in government treating those of lower rank as too _____________ positions of such high rank

A

Patricians

Incompetent

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3
Q

One way in which patricians gained wealth was through _____________. The wealthy landowner would earn profit from what his workers produced

A

Agriculture

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4
Q

The quality of living in Ancient Rome did not only consist of the extremes. There were many who occupied the financial middle ground. What sort of jobs would these people have

A 
Tradesmen
Craftsmen
Architects
Sculptors
Doctors
Clothing and jewellery designers
Slave deelers 
Breeders of fine horses
Shrews businessmen
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5
Q

What were the 4 classes in the Roman empire

A 
The upper class (patricians)
The middle class
The working class (plebians)
Slaves and freedmen
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6
Q

The working class were also known as ___________

A

Plebians

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7
Q

The majority of the Roman population were ____________ who occupied the positions of menial labour

A

Plebians

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8
Q

What was the main problem for plebians

A

It was difficult for a free man to hold a job when a slave could do the same job for free

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9
Q

What is ironic about how slaves were treated

A

It was often better than plebians

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10
Q

Why were slaves often treated fairly well

A

Because it was in the best interest of the owner feed their slave well and keep them healthy because slaves were worth a lot of money.

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11
Q

Some slaves were even taught how to do skilled work such as _________, ____________ and farm administration. Why did their owners do this

A

It saved them from having to pay a skilled worker

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12
Q

What was the hierarchy on a farm

A 
Landowner (patrician)
Farm manager (middle class)
Foreman/supervisor (Skilled slave/middle class)
Skilled workers/accounters (Skilled slave/middle class)
Labourer (plebian or slave)
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13
Q

Farm hierarchy:
Landowner (_________)
Farm manager (________ class)
Foreman/supervisor (Skilled slave/middle class)
Skilled workers/accounters (Skilled slave/middle class)
Labourer (_________ or slave)

A

Patrician
Middle
Plebian

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14
Q

Who was cicero

A

Born into a wealthy middle class family and was well educated and became one of the most succesful lawyers in Rome - eventually became consul

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15
Q

Why should we be cautious when reading Cicero’s views and opinions on occupations and work?

A

He was very wealthy - he wouldn’t know too much on the poor.

He would have written things which suited himself

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16
Q

Jobs requiring education -either middle class citizens or trained slaves:

A

Teacher
Doctor
Architect
Soldier

17
Q

Unskilled jobs - carried out by plebians and slaves:

A 
Baker
Fishmonger
Farm kabourer
Mill worker
Gladiator
18
Q 
How was the Roman army arranged:
5000 legionaries (Romans) would form a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A legion would be split into \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (80 men) controlled by a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
The centuries would be split into smaller groups with different \_\_\_\_\_\_ to perform
A

Legion
Centuries
Centurion
Jobs

19
Q

How was the Roman army arranged

A 
5000 legionaries (Romans) would form a legion
A legion would be split into centuries (80 men) controlled by a centurion
The centuries would be split into smaller groups with different jobs to perform
20
Q

Roman soldiers had to be tough - they were expected to march up to _____ miles a day wearing all their armour and carrying their food and tents

A

20

21
Q

Roman soldiers were trained to fight well and defend themselves. If the enemy shot arrows at them they would use their shields to surround their bodies and protect themselves. What was this known as

A

The Turtle

22
Q

What did Romans fight with

A

Short swords
Daggers for stabbing
A long spear for throwing
Shield and armour for protection

23
Q

How were Romans recruited for the army

A

They were interviewed

24
Q

What did all Romans have to have to join the army

A

Big arms
Long fingers
Powerful shoulders

25
Q

How did training work in the Roman army

A 
They had to swear a military oath
The training was physically hard
They had to march 20 miles a day with heavy armour
They had to be good at jumping, running and swimming
They had to be able to:
throw a javelin
Build a camp
March
Make ramparts
Build catapults
26
Q

What weapons would a Roman soldier have

A

A javelin (pilon) - a wooden shaft 1.5 meters (they fought with a stabbing technique rather than a slashing one)

27
Q

How were legionaries payed

A

Always the same during war and peace - 200 denerii

They would get a lot of money when they retired

28
Q

What was an optio

A

Second in command - double pay of a legionary but had to wait until the centurion dies to get promotion

29
Q

What was a signifier

A

A standard bearer

30
Q

What was a primuspilus

A

The most important centurion - much older

31
Q

What was a legatus

A

Commander - lived in luxurious house. It’s a job you couldn’t work your way up to.

32
Q

What was a tribune

A

Above a centurion but below legatus

33
Q

How do we get evidence about the Roman army and their soldiers

A

Inscriptions especially the military tombstones

34
Q

D M stands for ______ __________ which translates as:

A

Dis Manibus

To the spirits of the departed

35
Q

Romans always had ___ names

A

3

36
Q

H S E stands for _____ _______ _____ which translates as:

A

Hic status est

Heirs put up this tomb

37
Q

Advantages of being in the Roman army

A 
Good pay (paid during peacetime)
Good status
Physically healthy
Guaranteed job for 25 years
Good retirement
38
Q

Disadvantages of being in the Roman army

A

Hard training
Tiring
Death
Duties

Latin GCSE (48 decks)

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