Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Y3 Neurology > SOLs / Tumours > Flashcards

SOLs / Tumours Flashcards

1
Q

Is a haematoma a SOL?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is an aneurysm a SOL?

A

no (according to a pathologist in a tutorial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What symptoms are red flags for brain tumours?

A

headache that wakes you up + papilloedema + N&V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Commonest type of brain tumour?

A

met

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What tumours metastasise to the brain?

A

breast, bronchus, kidney, melanoma, thyroid, colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the commonest primary brain tumour?

A

glioblastoma multiforme GBM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Brain tumours can be categorised to intrinsic and extrinsic. Is a glioma intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Brain tumours can be categorised to intrinsic and extrinsic. Is a meningioma intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Brain tumours can be categorised to intrinsic and extrinsic. Is a medulloblastoma intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Brain tumours can be categorised to intrinsic and extrinsic. Is a schwanomma intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Brain tumours can be categorised to intrinsic and extrinsic. Is a craniopharyngioma intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Brain tumours can be categorised to intrinsic and extrinsic. Is a ependymoma intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Brain tumours can be categorised to intrinsic and extrinsic. Is a oligodendroglioma intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Brain tumours can be categorised to intrinsic and extrinsic. Is a germ cell embryonal tumour intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

extrinisc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name the types of gliomas

A

astrocytoma
oligodendroglioma
ependymoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are oligodendrogliomas most commonly found?

A

frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do oligodendrogliomas most commonly present?

A

seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Peak age range of oligodendrogliomas

A

25-45yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Oligodendrogliomas are chemosensitive. T or F

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the commonest brain tumour in children

A

medulloblastoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where are medulloblastomas most commonly found

A

cerebellum (infratentorial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Are medulloblastomas malignant?

A

medulloblastoms are always malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What sign in a child should make you suspicious of a cerebellar medulloblastoma?

A

tiptoeing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Management of medulloblastomas

A

radiotherapy + surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Are pituitary tumours intrinsic or extrinsic?
extrinsic
26
Are pineal tumours intrinsic or extrinsic?
extrinsic
27
What age range are pineal tumours most common in?
children
28
What cell type do meningiomas arise from?
arachnoid cap mesenchymal cells
29
Peak age range of meningiomas
60-70yr
30
What condition is associated with meningiomas
NFT2
31
Risk factor for meningiomas
PMH radiation
32
Gender meningiomas are most common in
F
33
Management of meningiomas
radio + surgery
34
Peak age range of embryonal germ cell brain tumours
10-12yr
35
Gender embryonal germ cell tumours are most common in
M
36
Imaging modality of choice for embryonal germ cell tumours
CT
37
Most germ cell embryonal tumours are radiosensitive. T or F
T
38
What tumour marker do germinoma type germ cell embryonal tumours secrete?
LDH
39
What tumour marker do yolk sac type germ cell embryonal tumours secrete?
AFP
40
What tumour marker do choriocarcinoma type germ cell embryonal tumours secrete?
beta-HCG
41
What condition is associated with acoustic neuromas?
NFT2
42
Presentation of acoustic neuromas
decreased hearing tinnitus nystagmus absent corneal reflex
43
Complication of acoustic neuromas
VII palsy
44
Peak age range of craniopharyngiomas
children
45
What brain structure do craniopharyngiomas arise from?
pituitary stalk
46
What visual field defect can craniopharyngiomas cause?
bitemporal hemianopia
47
Describe the headache cause by a brain tumour
wakes you up worse in the morning worse lying down/ coughing
48
What 'preterminal' set of symptoms can arise from raised intracranial pressure in SOLs
Cushing's triad
49
What sign should make you suspect Cushing's triad
raised blood pressure
50
Do tumours of the cerebral hemispheres cause contralateral or ipsilateral signs?
contralateral
51
Do tumours of the cerebellum cause contralateral or ipsilateral signs?
ipsilateral
52
What indirect effects can frontal lobe tumours have due to their proximity to other brain structures?
visual field defect | anosmia
53
What visual field defect would a temporal lobe tumour cause
superior quadrantopia pie in the sky
54
What visual field defect would a parietal lobe tumour cause
inferior quadrantopia
55
A tumour in which lobe could cause visual hallucinations
occipital
56
A tumour in which lobe could cause urinary incontinence
frontal
57
A tumour in which lobe could cause a receptive dysphagia
temporal
58
A tumour in which lobe could cause epilepsy
temporal
59
A tumour in which lobe could cause a contralateral homonymous hemianopia
occipital
60
A tumour in which lobe could cause an expressive dysphagia
frontal lobe
61
A tumour in which lobe could effect the grasp reflex
frontal
62
A tumour in which lobe could R-L disorientation
parietal
63
A tumour in which lobe could cause hearing problems
temporal
64
A tumour in which lobe could cause dyscalcia, dysphaxia, agraphia or/and agnosia
parietal
65
A tumour in which lobe could cause cognitive slwoing
frontal
66
A tumour in which lobe could cause weakness and motor problems
frontal
67
A tumour in which lobe could cause neglect (thinking contralateral world doesn't exist)
parietal
68
A tumour in which lobe could cause disinhibition
frontal
69
A tumour in which lobe could cause sensory problems
parietal
70
A tumour in which lobe could cause apathy
frontal
71
Presentation of a cerebellar tumour
``` ataxia intention tremor N&V dizziness staccato speech nystagmus hypotonia dysdiadochokinesia ```
72
How would a midline cerebellar tumour present?
widebased truncal ataxia, fall standing
73
Commonest cause of a bilateral cerebellar disturbance
alcohol
74
How would a lesion of the basal ganglia present?
changed tone, dyskinesia, tremor, chorea, myoclonus
75
What is the WHO grade I of brain tumours?
no histological features
76
What is the WHO grade II of brain tumours?
atypia alone
77
What is the WHO grade III of brain tumours?
atypia + mitosis
78
What is the WHO grade IV of brain tumours?
atypia + mitosis + vascular proliferation + necrosis
79
Gold standard imaging choice for brain tumours
MRI
80
Management of hydrocephalus from brain tumours
VP shunt
81
What is the name of a grade I astrocytoma
pilocytic
82
Commonest age range for pilocytic grade I astrocytomas
child/ young adult
83
Commonest location of grade I pilocytic astrocytomas?
cerebellum
84
What condition is associated with grade I pilocytic astrocytomas?
NFT1
85
Are grade I pilocytic astrocytomas benign or malignant?
benign
86
Commonest location of grade II astrocytomas?
cerebral hemispheres
87
Commonest age range for grade II astrocytomas
young adult
88
Commonest presenting complaint of grade II astrocytomas?
seizures
89
Are grade II astrocytomas benign or malignant?
pre-malignant
90
What is the name of a grade III astrocytoma
anaplastic
91
Are grade III anaplastic astrocytomas benign or malignant?
malignant
92
Commonest location of grade III anaplastic astrocytomas?
cerebral hemispheres
93
What do grade III anaplastic astrocytomas become?
grade IV glioblastomas
94
Prognosis of a grade III anaplastic astrocytomas?
2 yr
95
Commonest age range for grade IV astrocytomas aka glioblastoma
60-70yr
96
Prognosis of a grade IV astrocytoma glioblastoma?
less than 1 year
97
Commonest location of grade IV astrocytoma glioblastoma?
cerebral hemispheres
98
Management of a grade IV astrocytoma glioblastoma?
surgery + external beam radio +- chemo | to improve QOL not treatment
99
What sign is seen on MRI in grade IV astrocytoma glioblastoma?
butterfly

Y3 Neurology (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions