Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Y3 Neurology > Headache > Flashcards

Headache Flashcards

1
Q

what age is a red flag for headaches

A

new onset >55

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what time of day is a red flag for headaches

A

early morning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

give examples of primary headache syndromes

A

migraine
tension headache
TAC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the presentation of tension headaches

A

mild episodic tingling headaches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the cause of tension headaches

A

stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

are nausea, photophobia or phonophobia present in tension headaches?

A

never

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

gender more commonly affected by migraine

A

female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how long does migraines last

A

4 to 72 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

are migraines uni or bilateral

A

unilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

20% of migraines have what accompanying symptom

A

migraine aura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is a migraine aura, give examples

A

sensory symptom

example: central scotoma, central fortification, hemianopia, sensory, motor, language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

do migraines cause nausea and vomiting

A

can do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

abdominal migraines are common in what age range

A

kids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is an acephalgic migraine

A

only aura present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what additional symptom if present in basilar migraines

A

vertigo, nausea, vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when is prophylaxis indicated in migraines

A

if more than 3 a month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how long should migraine medications be trialed for

A

4 mth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

1st choice of migraine prophylaxis

A

propanolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

propanolol contraindications in migraine mx

A

asthma, PVD, HF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

acute migraine mx options

A

NSAID or triptan eg. sumatriptan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what does TAC stand for

A

trigeminal autonomic cephalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

is TAC HA uni or bilateral

A

unilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

as well as HA, what additional feature is present in TAC

A

autonomic signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

give example of autonomic signs in TAC

A

ptosis, miosis, stuffy nose, N+V, tear, lid edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
give examples of the types of TAC
cluster HA, paroxysmal hemicranias, hemicrania continua, SUNCT
26
age and gender mostly affected by cluster HA
M>F 30-40
27
how long do cluster headaches last
45-90min
28
cluster headaches are mild pain. T or F
false, severe
29
acute management of cluster headaches
SC sumatriptan, high flow O2, CCS
30
prophylaxis of cluster headaches
verapamil
31
age and gender mostly affected by paroxysmal hemicranias
F>M 50-60
32
what is the key diagnostic feature in paroxysmal hemicranias
always respond to indomethicin
33
how long do paroxysmla hemicranias last
10-30min
34
how long do SUNCT HAs last
15-120 seconds
35
as well as unilateral HA, what additional symptoms is present in SUNCT
conjunctival injection (red eye), tearing
36
when investigating TAC, if a PTx has new unilateral autonomic features, what investigations should you do?
MRI brain + MR angio to exclude lesion
37
major risk factors for idiopathic intracranial HTN
young obese female
38
describe the headache in idiopathic intracranial HTN
morning throbbing relief standing
39
basic pathology of IIH
raised intracranial pressure
40
what CN palsy can occur as a comp of IIH
VI
41
what ENT related symptom can IIH cause
pulsatile tinnitus
42
as well as HA (and pulsatile tinnitus), how else does IIH present?
N+V visual field defect decreased visual acuity
43
what is seen on MRI in IIH
normal
44
what test is diagnostic of IIH
LP shows CSF pressure >25
45
what is the pharmacological management of IIH
acetazolamide or furosemide
46
in IIH, if a PTx has decreased acuity or a visual field defect, how does this affect the management?
PTx requires shunt
47
what age and gender are most commonly affected by trigeminal neurlagia
female over 60yr
48
what is the distribution of pain in trigeminal neuralgia
pain in V2/3 areas
49
what triggers pain in trigeminal neuralgia
touch
50
how long does the pain last in trigeminal neuralgia
1-90 seconds
51
describe the nature of the pain in trigeminal neuralgia
severe stabbing
52
is trigeminal neuralgia bi or unilateral
unilateral
53
investigations for trigeminal neuralgia
MRI
54
what neurological condition is associated with trigeminal neuralgia
MS
55
what is the 1st line pharmacological mx of trigeminal neuralgia
carbamazepine
56
"orthostatic HA, diplopia, dizzy, muffled hearing, back of neck/arm pain and galactorrhea" could be the presentation of what condition
spontaneous intracranial hypotension
57
what is the pathology of spontaneous intracranial hypotension
diverticula in dura, leak CSF
58
what is syringomelia
cyst/syrinx in spinal canal or at craniovertebral junction
59
what effect does syringomelia have on upper and lower limb reflexes
no upper limb reflexes | lower limb hyperreflexia
60
does syringomelia cause hyperhydrosis or anhydrosis
hyperhydrosis
61
does syringomelia cause large or small muscle wasting
small muscle wasting
62
a chiari malformation is a malformation of what part of the brain
hindbrain
63
basic pathology of chiari malformations
impaired csf flow through foramen magnum
64
basic treatment of chiari malformations
surgery
65
what is the commonest type of chiari malformation
type 1
66
what is the most severe type of chiari malformation
type 2
67
what type of chiari malformation is associated with myelomeningoceles
type 2
68
what type of chiari malformation is more common in children
type 2
69
what type of chiari malformation can cause a downbeat nystagmus
type 1
70
synringomelia can present like central cord syndrome. T or F
true
71
what is displaced below the foramen magnum in a type 1 chiari malformation
cerebellar tonsils
72
what is displaced below the foramen magnum in a type 2 chiari malformation
cerebellum + medulla + 4th ventricle
73
what type of chiari malformation can cause a headache when coughing or during neck extension
type 1
74
where is the headache located in type 1 chiari malformations?
suboccipital
75
what type of gait disturbance can a type 1 chiari malformation cause
ataxic gate
76
what type of chiari malformation can cause stridor or a spastic paresis (amongst other symptoms?)
type 2
77
what is a type 2 chiari malformation also called
arnold chiari malformation

Y3 Neurology (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions