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Psych 239 > Sociocultural & Ethnic Factors in the Assessment of Abnormal Behaviour > Flashcards

Sociocultural & Ethnic Factors in the Assessment of Abnormal Behaviour Flashcards

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1
Q

Assessment may be reliable and valid in one culture but…

A

Not another.

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2
Q

Interviewers may not be sensitive to the problems that arise when a client is not addressed…

A

In their mother tongue.

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3
Q

What are the three types of reliability?

A
  1. Internal consistency.
  2. Temporal stability.
  3. Inter-rater reliability.
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4
Q

What are the three types of validity?

A
  1. Content validity.
  2. Criterion validity.
  3. Construct validity.
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5
Q

What is internal consistency? Give an example.

A

Say that you like sweet things. By internal consistency, if you like candy, then you must like donuts as well.

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6
Q

What is temporal stability?

A

The interviewee is consistent over time.

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7
Q

What is inter-rater reliability?

A

The results of the interview are the same no matter who conducts it.

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8
Q

What is predictive validity?

A

Based on the ability of the diagnostic system to predict the course of the disorder is likely to follow or its response to treatment.

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9
Q

What are the three interview formats?

A
  1. Structured.
  2. Semi-structured.
  3. Unstructured.
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10
Q

What is the difference between a structured and unstructured interview?

A

Structured interviews occur when there is a set of questions that the interviewer asks, while unstructured interviews occur when the interviewer does not lead the conversation.

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11
Q

Is the following a closed ended or open ended question: Have you attempted suicide?

A

Closed ended.

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12
Q

Is the following a closed ended of open ended question? What makes you happy?

A

Open ended.

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13
Q

What are the 5 P’s of Method of Assessment?

A

Presenting issues, precipitating factors, perpetuating factors, predisposing factors, and protective factors.

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14
Q

What are presenting issues?

A

What cause the problems.

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15
Q

What are precipitating factors?

A

What triggers the problem.

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16
Q

What are perpetuating factors?

A

What keeps the problem going?

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17
Q

What are predisposing factors?

A

What led to the problems starting?

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18
Q

What are protective factors?

A

What are the person’s strengths?

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19
Q

What is IQ a ratio of?

A

Mental age and chronological age.

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20
Q

The IQ test was designed by and used for ___ countries.

A

Western.

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21
Q

/what is an example of a self report test?

A

The MMPI.

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22
Q

What does MMPI stand for?

A

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

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23
Q

What are some things that the MMPI measures?

A

Openness, patterns of behaviour, and introvertedness.

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24
Q

What are two examples of projective tests?

A

Rorschach Inkblot Test and Thematic Apperception Test (TAT).

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25
Q

What is the difference between a Rorschach Inkblot Test and a TAT?

A

The Rorschach Inkblot Test gives a set of ambiguous stimuli in order to get the client to project, and does not give a scenario. The TAT gives a scenario upon the client must then project.

26
Q

Neuropsychological Assessment is used to evaluate…

A

Whether or not psychological problems reflect underlying neurological damage or brain defects.

27
Q

What are two examples of Neuropsychological assesssment tests?

A

The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery and the Lurra Nebraska Test.

28
Q

Behavioural Assessment focuses on the objective ___ and/or ___ of behaviour.

A

Recording, description.

29
Q

Cognitive Assessment involvess the assessment of ___, which includes…

A

Cognitions. Thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes.

30
Q

What are three methods of Cognitive Assessment?

A

Thought diaries, cognition checklist, and dysfunctional attitudes scale.

31
Q

What does GSR stand for and what is it used for?

A

Galvanic Skin Response. Measures amount of sweat.

32
Q

What does EEG stand for and what does it measure?

A

ElectroEncephloGraph. Measures electrical activity in brain.

33
Q

What does EMG stand for, and what does it measure.

A

ElectroMyoGraph, measures how tense muscles are.

34
Q

What does CT scans stand for, what does it record, and is the recording more like a picture or a video?

A

Computerized Tomography. Records the shape of the brain as a picture.

35
Q

What does PET scans stand for, what does it record, and does it record it as a picture or a video?

A

Positron Emission Tomography records the brain over time as a video.

36
Q

What do you call it when a scan records the brain as a video more than a picture?

A

Functional.

37
Q

What does MRI stand for, and does it record as a picture or a video?

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging, as a picture.

38
Q

What does fMRI stand for, and does it record as a picture or a video?

A

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging records as a video.

39
Q

What does BEAM stand for?

A

Brain Electrical Activity Mapping.

40
Q

What is the most modern version of the DSM?

A

V

41
Q

What does DSM stand for?

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

42
Q

DSM V emerges from the work of ___ in the ___ century.

A

Kraeplin, 19th.

43
Q

List the 4 important reasons for classification and explain them if necessary.

A
  1. Communication.
  2. Treatment decisions.
  3. Predict behaviour.
  4. Identify populations.
44
Q

Why is classification important as far as communication goes?

A

Researchers would not be able to communicate with one another without labelling and organizing patterns of abnormal behaviour.

45
Q

Why is classification important as far as identifying populations go?

A

Can help identify common factors that explain origins of behaviour.

46
Q

___ is classified, not people.

A

Disorder.

47
Q

What is reliability?

A

Consistently correct over time, place, etc.

48
Q

What is validity?

A

Based on research.

49
Q

What is predictive validity?

A

Based on diagnosis, how patient will evolve.

50
Q

What are four factors considered when evaluating the DSM system?

A

Reliability, validity, predictive validity, and cultural factors.

51
Q

With DSM V, the classification of mental illnesses became more ___, rather than ___.

A

Dimensional, categorical.

52
Q

DSM V diagnostic criteria are organized in order of the…

A

Similarity of diagnosis.

53
Q

What are the 5 factors of the DSM V Dimensional Approach?

A
  1. Course.
  2. Severity.
  3. Frequency.
  4. Duration.
  5. Descriptive features.
54
Q

Free Association is a ___ Therapy.

A

Psychodynamic.

55
Q

Free Association

A

Sit behind the client and say nothing at all.

56
Q

Transference

A

Client projecting emotion onto therapist. Can also work backwards.

57
Q

What are four methods of Behaviour Therapy explored in class?

A
  1. Systematic desensitization.
  2. Gradual exposure.
  3. Token economics.
  4. Modelling.
58
Q

Both systematic desensitization and gradual exposure attempt to deal with fear or anxiety by exposing a client to the fear/anxiety. What is the difference between them?

A

Systematic desensitization involves thinking about the fear/anxiety, while gradual exposure involves doing what causes the fear/anxiety.

59
Q

What is token economics?

A

Giving tokens out for positive behaviour. The tokens can later be traded in for a reward.

60
Q

What is modelling?

A

Demonstrate how to do things.

Psych 239 (16 decks)

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