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Psych 239 > Gender Identity Disorder, Paraphilias, and Sexual Dysfunctions > Flashcards

Gender Identity Disorder, Paraphilias, and Sexual Dysfunctions Flashcards

1
Q

Attitudes towards sexual activity are incredibly diverse, and what is ‘normal’ is clearly influenced by ___ factors.

A

Sociocultural.

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2
Q

What are some reasons that sexual behaviour may be labeled as abnormal?

A
  • It deviates from the norms of one’s society.
  • It is self-defeating.
  • Harms others.
  • Causes personal distress.
  • Interferes with one’s ability to function.
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3
Q

What is gender identity?

A

One’s psychological sense of being female or male.

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4
Q

What is gender identity disorder?

A

A disorder in which the individual believes that her or his anatomic gender is inconsistent with his or her psychological sense of being male or female.

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5
Q

What is gender reassignment?

A

The process of transition through medical intervention.

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6
Q

Gender reassignment is more common in ___.

A

Men.

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7
Q

What is the end result of gender reassignment as far as sexual relations go?

A

The person can have sex and experience orgasm, but are sterile (cannot reproduce).

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8
Q

What is the psychodynamic perspective on gender identity disorder?

A

Extremely close mother son relationships and fathers who were absent or detached could cause the child to overidentify with their mother and enmesh, and make them want to be more like them.

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9
Q

What is the learning theory on gender identity disorders?

A

The child does not have a strong male role model available to them.

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10
Q

Paraphilias are more common in ___.

A

Men.

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11
Q

What is exhibitionism?

A

Involves recurrent powerful urges to expose one;s genitals to an unsuspecting stranger in order to surprise, shock, or sexually arouse the victim.

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12
Q

What is fetishism?

A

A person uses an inanimate object or a body part as a focus of sexual interest and as a source of arousal.

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13
Q

___ can play a role in fetishism developing.

A

Imprinting.

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14
Q

What is transvestic fetishism?

A

The chief feature is recurrent, powerful urges and related fantasies involving cross dressing for the purpose of sexual arousal.

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15
Q

What is voyeurism?

A

It is either acting on or being strongly distressed by recurrent powerful sexual urges and related fantasies involving watching unsuspecting people, generally strangers who are undressed, disrobing,or engaging in sexual activity.

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16
Q

Frotteurism is also known as ___.

A

Mashing,

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17
Q

What is frotteurism?

A

The French word frottage refers to the artistic technique of making a drawing by rubbing against a raised object.

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18
Q

What is pedophilia?

A

The chief feature is recurrent, powerful sexual urges and related fantasies involving sexual activity with prepubescent children (typically 13 and younger).

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19
Q

What is a comment that is made about pedophilia?

A

It should be considered a sexual orientation.

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20
Q

What are the 2 pathways to the development of persistent sexual offending agaisnt children?

A
  1. Antisociality.

2. Sexual attraction to prepubescent children (pedophilia).

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21
Q

Concerning pedophilia, men are often more ___, while women are ___.

A

Externalizing, internalizing.

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22
Q

What is sexual masochism?

A

Involves strong recurrent urges and fantasies relating to sexual acts that involve being humiliated, bound, flogged, or made to suffer in other ways.

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23
Q

What is hypoxyphilia a form of?

A

Sexual masochism.

24
Q

What is hypoxyphila?

A

Cutting off air flow via choking.

25
Q

What is sexual sadism?

A

Involves recurrent powerful urges and related fantasies of engaging in acts in which the person is sexually aroused by inflicting physical suffering or humiliation on another person.

26
Q

What is sadomasochism?

A

When the acts are mutual.

27
Q

What is telephone scatologia?

A

Making obscene phone calls.

28
Q

What is necrophilia?

A

Sexual urges or fantasies involving sexual contact with corpses.

29
Q

What is partialism?

A

Sole focus on a part of the body.

30
Q

What is zoophilia?

A

Sexual urges or fantasies incolcing sexual contact with animals. Beastiality.

31
Q

What is coprophilia?

A

Sexual arousal associated with feces.

32
Q

What is klismaphilia?

A

Sexual arousal associated with enemas.

33
Q

What is urophilia?

A

Sexual arousal associated with urine.

34
Q

The psychodynamic theory maintains that paraphilias are a result of…

A

A defence against leftover castration anxiety.

35
Q

The learning theory maintains that paraphilias are a result of…

A

Conditioning (pairing) and observational learning.

36
Q

What strategy does the Correctional Service Canada’s National Moderate Intensity Sex Offender Program use?

A

CBT.

37
Q

The CBT maintains that paraphilias are a result of…

A

Guided learning, motivations, group processes, over-learning, and skill development.

38
Q

How do psychoanalysts treat paraphilias?

A

Bring childhood sexual conflicts into awareness so that they can be resolved in the light of the individual’s adult personality.

39
Q

How do behaviourists treat paraphilias?

A

Use aversive conditioning techniques to induce a negative emotional reaction to paraphilic stimuli or fantasies.

40
Q

How does CBT propose that we treat paraphilias?

A

Building social skills, and the development of stress management skills.

41
Q

How do SSRI’s treat paraphilias?

A

Treat the paraphilias as a factor of anxiety and depression.

42
Q

What are the 3 types of sexual dysfunction according to the DSM V?

A
  1. Sexual interest/desire disorder.
  2. Orgasm disorder.
  3. Genito pelvic pain/penetration disorder.
43
Q

The first 3 categories correspond to the first three phases of…

A

The sexual response cycle.

44
Q

What are the 3 types of sexual arousal disorders?

A
  1. Female sexual interest/desire disorder.
  2. Male erectile disorder.
  3. Orgasm disorder.
45
Q

What is female sexual interest/desire disorder?

A

Difficulty becoming sexually aroused.

46
Q

What is male erectile disorder?

A

Difficulty in achieving or maintatining erection during sexual activity.

47
Q

What are orgasm disorders? Give an example of an orgasm disorder.

A

The inability to reach climax. Includes premature ejaculation.

48
Q

With sexual arousal disorders, there is no ___ reason behind the disorders.

A

Physical.

49
Q

What are the components of genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder?

A
  • Intense fear/anxiety in anticipation of, during, or as a result of vaginal intercourse (psychological).
  • Actual pain experiencced in pelvis or vulvogenital area during attempted or as a result of vaginal penetration (physical).
  • Marked tensing or tightening of the lower pelvic inner-abdominal muscles during attempted vaginal penetration.
50
Q

How is genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder commonly treated?

A

Inserting cylinders, or relaxation training.

51
Q

What does the biological perspective say about sexual dysfunctions?

A

Deficient testorone production and thyroid over-activity or under-activity are among the many biological conditions that can lead to impaired sexual desire.

52
Q

What does the psychodynamic perspective say about sexual dysfunctions?

A

Conflicts of the phallic stage.

53
Q

What does the learning perspective say about sexual dysfunctions?

A

Cognitive perspectives.

54
Q

Problems in relationships can lead to sexual dysfunction. True or false?

A

True.

55
Q

What are sociocultural factors that can lead to sexual dysfunction?

A

Performance anxiety and sexual performance being attached to masculinity.

56
Q

What are some biological treatments of male sexual dysfunction?

A

Viagra, Cialis, Levitra, or SSRI’s.

57
Q

Sensate-focus techniques are used for sexual interest/desire techniques. What are they?

A

Often used in couples therapy, forbids couples from touching each other. Paradoxical, as patients succeed either way.

Psych 239 (16 decks)

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