Social stratification

Question 1

Social Class

Answer 1

category of people who share a similar socioeconomic position in society

Question 2

Ascribed Status

Answer 2

derives from clearly identifiable characteristics

Question 3

Achieved Status

Answer 3

acquired via direct, individual efforts

Question 4

Prestige

Answer 4

amount of positive regard society has for a given person or idea

Question 5

Power

Answer 5

ability to affect others’ behavior through real or perceived rewards and punishments

Question 6

Marxist Theory

Answer 6

proletariat will overthrow the bourgeoisie and the entire capitalist economy by developing class consciousness

Question 7

Class Consciousness

Answer 7

organization of the working class around shared goals and recognition of a need for collective political action

Question 8

False Consciousness

Answer 8

major barrier to class consciousness. A misperception of one’s actual position within society

Question 9

Anomie

Answer 9

lack of social norms, or the breakdown of social bonds between an individual and society

Question 10

Strain Theory

Answer 10

how anomic conditions can lead to deviance

Question 11

Anomic conditions

Answer 11

include excessive individualism, social inequality, and isolation; which leads to an erosion of social solidarity

Question 12

Social Capital

Answer 12

Considered the investments people make in their society in return for economic or collective rewards

Question 13

Cultural Capital

Answer 13

benefits that one receives from knowledge, ability, and skills

Question 14

Strong ties

Answer 14

peer group and kinship contacts. Quantifiably small but qualitatively powerful

Question 15

Weak Ties

Answer 15

social connection that superficial, but there are large number of them

Question 16

intersectionality

Answer 16

compounding of disadvantage seen in individuals who belong to more than one oppressed group

Question 17

Social Mobility

Answer 17

ability to acquire higher-level employment opportunities given proper credentials and experience requirements

Question 18

Intragenerational

Answer 18

changes in social status happen within a person’s lifetime

Question 19

Intergenerational

Answer 19

changes are from parents to children

Question 20

Meritocracy

Answer 20

Based on intellectual talent and achievement. Means for a person to advance up the social ladder

Question 21

plutocracy

Answer 21

ruled by the upper class

Question 22

Upward Mobility

Answer 22

positive change in a person’s status, which results in a higher position

Question 23

Downward Mobility

Answer 23

negative change in a person’s status, which results in a lower position

Question 24

Vertical Mobility

Answer 24

movement from one social class to another. E.g. – upward/downward social mobility

Question 25

Horizontal Mobility

Answer 25

change in occupation or lifestyle that remains within the same social class

Question 26

Poverty

Answer 26

Defined by low SES and lack of possessions or financial resources

Question 27

Social Reproduction

Answer 27

poverty can be passed down from one generation to the next

Question 28

Culture-of-Poverty explanation

Answer 28

Lifestyle of poverty, powerlessness, isolation and even apathy is handed down from one generation to another as a feature of society

Question 29

Structural Poverty

Answer 29

theory that is based on the thought that poverty is caused by “holes” in the structure of society

Question 30

Absolute level

Answer 30

poverty is a SES condition in which people do not have enough money, or resources to maintain a quality of living that includes basic life necessities

Question 31

Relative Level

Answer 31

one is poor in comparison to the larger population in which they live

Question 32

Poverty Line

Answer 32

defined by government calculations for the minimum income requirements for families to acquire the minimum necessities of life

Question 33

Suburbanization

Answer 33

migration pattern of the middle class to suburban communities

Question 34

Urban Decay

Answer 34

previously functional portion of a city deteriorates and becomes decrepit over time

Question 35

Urban Renewal

Answer 35

city land is reclaimed and renovated for public or private use

Question 36

World System Theory

Answer 36

categorizes countries and emphasizes the inequalities of the division of labor at the global level

Question 37

Core Nations

Answer 37

focus on higher skill, and higher-paying production while exploiting peripheral nations (lower skilled production)

Question 38

Semi-peripheral nations

Answer 38

work towards becoming core nations, while have many characteristics of peripheral nations

Question 39

Incidence

Answer 39

number of new cases of illness per population at risk in a given amount of time

Question 40

Prevalence

Answer 40

measure of the number of cases of an illness overall (whether new or chronic) per population in a given amount of time

Question 41

Morbidity

Answer 41

burden or degree of illness associated with a given disease

Question 42

Mortality

Answer 42

refers to deaths caused by a given disease

Question 43

Second Sickness

Answer 43

exacerbation of health outcomes caused by social injustice

Question 44

Medicare:

Answer 44

patients over 65, those with end-stage renal disease, and those with ALS

Question 45

Medicade

Answer 45

covers patients who are in significant financial need