Social interaction

Question 1

Statuses

Answer 1

Positions in society that are used to classify individuals in a hierarchical structure

Question 2

Ascribed Status

Answer 2

one that is given involuntarily, due to factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, and family background

Question 3

Achieved Status

Answer 3

gained as a result of one’s efforts or choices

Question 4

Master Status

Answer 4

Status by which a person is most identified

Question 5

Pigeonholding

Answer 5

may view a person only through the lens of their master status

Question 6

role

Answer 6

set of beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms that define expectations for those who hold the status

Question 7

Role performance

Answer 7

carrying out of behaviors that are associated with a given role

Question 8

Role Partner

Answer 8

person with whom one is interacting

Question 9

Role Set

Answer 9

various roles associated with a status

Question 10

Role Conflict

Answer 10

difficulty in satisfying the requirements or expectations of multiple roles

Question 11

Role Strain

Answer 11

difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role

Question 12

Role Exit

Answer 12

dropping of one identity for another

Question 13

Dyad

Answer 13

two-person group

Question 14

Triad

Answer 14

three-person group

Question 15

Peer Group

Answer 15

defined by association of self-selected equals around similar interests, ages, and statuses

Question 16

Family Group

Answer 16

determined by birth, adoption and marriage

Question 17

In-Groups

Answer 17

groups where an individual belongs

Question 18

out-groups

Answer 18

individual competes or is in opposition with

Question 19

Reference Groups

Answer 19

establish the terms by which individuals evaluate themselves

Question 20

Primary Group

Answer 20

interactions are direct, with close bonds providing warm, personal and intimate relationships to members

Question 21

Secondary Group

Answer 21

interactions are superficial and there are few emotional bonds

Question 22

Community (Geminschaft)

Answer 22

groups united by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs, ancestry, or geography

Question 23

Society (Gesellschaft)

Answer 23

groups that are formed because of mutual self-interests working together toward the same goal

Question 24

Interaction Process Analysis

Answer 24

technique for observing, classifying, and measuring the interactions within small groups

Question 25

System for multiple level observation of groups (SYMLOG)

Answer 25

Belief is that there are three fundamental dimensions of interaction: ▪ Dominance vs submission ▪ Friendliness vs unfriendliness ▪ Instrumentally controlled vs emotionally expressive

Question 26

Group Conformity

Answer 26

group holds power over its members which creates pressure that ultimately shapes members’ behaviors

Question 27

Groupthink

Answer 27

refers to group conformity, and occurs when members begin to focus solely on ideas generated within the group while ignoring outside ideas

Question 28

Networks

Answer 28

observable pattern of social relationships among individuals or groups

Question 29

Network Redundancy

Answer 29

overlapping connections with the same individual

Question 30

Immediate Networks

Answer 30

dense with strong ties

Question 31

Distant Networks

Answer 31

looser and contain weaker ties

Question 32

Organizations

Answer 32

Entities that are set up to achieve specific goals and are characterized by having a structure and a culture

Question 33

Formal Organization

Answer 33

different from groups in many ways

Question 34

Characteristic Institution

Answer 34

basic of organization of society is found here

Question 35

Bureaucracy

Answer 35

rational system of political organization, administration, discipline, and control

Question 36

Iron law of oligarchy

Answer 36

democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group

Question 37

Mcdonaldization

Answer 37

Shift in focus towards efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in societies

Question 38

Self-Presentation

Answer 38

process of displaying oneself to society through culturally accepted behaviors

Question 39

Basic Model of Emotional Expression

Answer 39

emotional expression involves a number of components: facial expressions, behaviors, postures, vocal change, and physiological changes

Question 40

Appraisal Model

Answer 40

closely relates to the above model and states that there a biologically predetermined expressions once an emotion is experienced

Question 41

Social Construct Model

Answer 41

- assumes that there is no biological basis for emotions | - Suggests that certain emotions can only exist in certain social encounters

Question 42

Display Rules

Answer 42

cultural expectations of emotions

Question 43

Cultural Syndrome

Answer 43

Shared set of beliefs, attitudes, norms, values, and behaviors among members of the same culture

Question 44

Impression Management

Answer 44

Attempt to influence how others perceive us. Done through the regulation or controlling of information in social interactions

Question 45

Authentic Self

Answer 45

describes who person actually is

Question 46

Ideal Self

Answer 46

who we would like be under optimal circumstances

Question 47

Tactical Self

Answer 47

who we market ourselves to be when we adhere to others’ expectations

Question 48

Dramaturgical Approach

Answer 48

how individuals create images of themselves in various situations

Question 49

Front stage

Answer 49

where the actor is in front of the audience and performs according to the setting, role and script

Question 50

Back Stage

Answer 50

actor is not being observed by an audience and is free to act in ways that may not be congruent with his desired public image

Question 51

Communication

Answer 51

ability to convey information by speech, writing, signals or behavior

Question 52

Verbal Communication

Answer 52

transmission of information by using words

Question 53

Nonverbal Communication

Answer 53

how people communicate without words