Social Interactions (9)

Question 1

Three status:

Ascribed status
Achieved status
Master status

Answer 1

Ascribed: given involuntarily based on race, ethnicity, gender, family background

Achieved: gained as a result of one’s effort or choices. (being a doctor)

Master: which one is most identified; is pervasive in that person’s life

Question 2

Role performance

Answer 2

carrying out of behaviors associated with a given role.

Question 3

Role partner

Answer 3

the person with whom one is interacting

Question 4

Role conflict

Answer 4

difficulty in satisfying the requirements or expectations of multiple roles.

Question 5

Role strain

Answer 5

difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role.

Question 6

Role exit

Answer 6

the dropping of one identity for another.

Question 7

Group (Social group)

Answer 7

consists of two or more people who share similar characteristics and a sense of unity.

Question 8

In-groups

Answer 8

groups to which an individual belongs

Question 9

out-groups

Answer 9

individual competes or is in opposition

Question 10

reference groups

Answer 10

group that establish the term by which individuals evalute themselves: to determine how strong of medical school applicant you are, you consider yourself in relation to the refernce group of all medical school applicants.

Question 11

Primary group

Answer 11

interaction are direct, with close bonds providing warn, personal, and intimate relationship to members.

Question 12

Secondary group

Answer 12

interactions are superficial, with few emotional bonds.

Question 13

Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft

Gemeinschaft
Gesellschaft

Answer 13

Gemeinschaft ( community) refers to groups unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs, ancestry, or geography. Families and neighborhoods.

Gesellschaft (society): refers to group that are formed b/c of self-interests working together toward the same goals. companies and countries.

Question 14

Interaction process analysis

Answer 14

technique for observing, classifying, and measuring the interactions within small groups.

Question 15

system for multiple level observation for groups (SYMLOG)

Answer 15

based on the belief that there are three fundamental dimensions of interaction:

• dominance vs. submission
• friendliness vs. unfriendliness
• instrumentally controlled vs. emotionally expressive

Question 16

Immediate networks

Distant networks

Answer 16

Immediate networks: dense with strong ties ( friends)

Distant networks: looser and contain weaker ties (acquaintances)

Question 17

Organizations

Answer 17

set up to achieve specific goals and are characterized by having a structure and a culture. (school, companies, music groups, sport teams)

Question 18

Bureaucracy

Answer 18

rational system of political organization, administration, dicipline, and control

Question 19

Iron law of oligarchy

Answer 19

states that democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by and elite group.

Question 20

McDonaldization

Answer 20

commonly used to refer shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calcuability, and control of societies.

Question 21

Basic model of emotional expression

Answer 21

Darvin stated that emotional expression involves a number of components: facial expression, behaviors, postures, vocal changes and physiological changes.

Question 22

Social construction model

Answer 22

assumes that there is no biological basis for emotions. It is based on experiences and the situational context.

Question 23

Display rules

Answer 23

unspoken rules that govern the expression of emotions

Question 24

Cultural syndrome

Answer 24

shared of set of beliefs, norms, values, and behaviors organized around a central theme, as is found among people sharing the same language and geography.

Question 25

Impression management

Answer 25

refers to our attempts to influence how other percieve us

Question 26

Authentic self
Ideal self
Tactical self

Answer 26

Authentic: describes who the person actually is
Ideal: who we would like to be under optimal circumstances
Tactical: who we market ourselves to be when we adhere to others expections of us.

Question 27

Self-disclosure

Answer 27

Giving info about oneself to establish an identity.

Disclosing that you are premed student

Question 28

Managing appearances

Answer 28

using props, appearance, emotional expression or associations to create positive image.

( wearing a white coat, keeping calm while dealing with a difficult patient, mentioning associations with important researchers during an interview.

Question 29

Ingratiation

Answer 29

using flattery or conformity to win over someone else .

Blindly agreeing to someone else’s opinion, complimenting a friend before asking a favor

Question 30

Aligning actions

Answer 30

making questionable behavior acceptable through excuses.

Justifications for missing deadlines, blaming a bad grade on too little sleep

Question 31

Alter-casting

Answer 31

Imposing an identity onto another person

Question 32

Dramaturgical approach

Answer 32

individuals create images of themselves in the same way that actors perform a role in front of an audience.

Front stage- individual is seen by the audience and strives to preserve his image.

Back stage- individiual is not in front of an audience and is free to act outside of his desired image.

Question 33

Outlining the two parts of the self:
“I”
“Me”

Answer 33

Me- part of the self that is response to the enviornment
(going to school and studying hard) Societal expectation.

I- creative expression of the individual

(studying may not be the only path toward a goal and choosing to find alternative approches)

Question 34

Intraspecific

Answer 34

communication between same species

Question 35

Interspecific

Answer 35

communication between differen species