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Media - Sociology AQA > Social Construction of News > Flashcards

Social Construction of News Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

social construction of news

A

news is a sequence of socially constructed messages produced within the context of the dominant ideology

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2
Q

social construction of news - influence of the owners

A

give direct instructions to news editors
influence resources allocated to news stories
journalists/editors form self-censorship to not upset owners

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3
Q

social construction of news - making a profit

A 
source is advertising, explains focus on ratings, circulation figures, social class of readers & number of hits
advertisers only advertise if theres a large audience so news reporters avoid offending anyone
leads to not criticising how society is organised
to mantin hegemony of dominant class, unpopular opinions not represented
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4
Q

social construction of news - tabloidisation

A

reporting serious news with infotainment
caused by pressure to attract audiences
creates a more conformist, less informed approach to reporting the news

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5
Q

social construction of news - globalisation

A

created a mass of news providers across the world

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6
Q

social construction of news - new technology

A

news is instantly available, increasing competition for audiences
news presented as simple news stories using gadgets and human-interest stories (celebrities) to attract audiences

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7
Q

social construction of news - citizen journalism

A

ordinary people can report news stories, helps overcome biased news reports
GMG; british TV reports were over-reliant on israeli perspective of conflict
women organisation in palestine offered alternative view by posting their own reports
this transforms traditional journalism & suit mainstream media by obtaining news stories

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8
Q

social construction of news - organisational constraints

A

social networking sites spread news stories on a global scale
news programs run constantly, people expect up-to-date news at all times
places organisational pressure on news media
competition means they have to work on a tight schedule
take shortcuts & obtain stories with inadequate evidence

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9
Q

social construction of news - agenda-setting

A

power to pick and choose list of subjects for public discussion
news tells people what to think about
audiences have little choice as media organisations work within the framework of the dominant ideology; helps form the list of subjects

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10
Q

social construction of news - gate-keeping

A

medias power to refuse to cover some issues to let others through
influences knowledge the public gains access to

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11
Q

social construction of news - influence of owners encourage development of what?

A

encourage development of unethical journalistic practices (illegal hacking, invasion of privacy, bribery, intrusive paparazzi)

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12
Q

social construction of news - what issues not aired? (gate-keeping)

A 
those that damage/threaten the dominant social class which lack interests to readers
strikes & welfare benefit fraud by the poor widely reported
industrial injuries & tax evasion by the rich really reported
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13
Q

social construction of news - norm-setting

A

media reinforces conformity to social norms, isolates those who do not conform

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14
Q

social construction of news - norm-setting; encouraging conformist behaviour

A

obeying the law, helping people

advertisers reinforce gender role stereotypes

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15
Q

social construction of news - norm-setting; discouraging non-conformist behaviour

A

media greatly highlights stories about crimes of violence

emphases consequences that follows

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16
Q

social construction of news - presentation of news

A

physical position of news story, order of importance, film/camera, attention given
footage may not accurately reflect event & have hidden bias
reporting industrial disputes; employers filmed in the peace of their offices, workers seen shouting on the picket lines
sort of language used creates bias impression

17
Q

social construction of news - creation of moral panics

A

organisational pressures lead to bias & inaccurate reporting to make it more interesting & attract audiences
shows the media’s power to define whats normal, deviant & reinforce consensus of dominant ideologys core values

18
Q

social construction of news - deviancy amplification

A

moral panic generates more deviant behaviour
media alerts people
group increases their behaviour to gain media attention
makes a minor issue worse

19
Q

social construction of news - moral panics relevancy in new media

A

less common as 24/7 rolling news reporting means short shelf-life in sustaining audience interests
unlikely to be newsworthy for long
pluralist & postmodernist;
due to diversity of media reports, interpretations, citizen journalism, people more sceptical and less likely to believe mainstream media

20
Q

social construction of news - news values

A

news filtered through journalists/editors
have values/assumptions that guide them into deciding whats newsworthy
news is socially constructed by journalists

21
Q

social construction of news - immediacy

A

new media enables news organisations to give impression of immediacy by providing live coverage of events as they occur
assessed by growing volume of material recorded on phones via citizen journalism (arab uprising)

22
Q

social construction of news - hierarchy of credibility

A

journalists assign more importance to the views of the powerful/wealthy individuals

23
Q

social construction of news - assumption & activities of journalists

A 
neo-marxist (GMG); dominant ideology/hegemonic approach to media
journalists are experts, set news agenda, influence what journalists define news
usually white middle-class male who share same values of dominant ideology which influences their reports
24
Q

social construction of news - churnalism

A

to reduce time/cost, journalists produce articles based on information provided by secondary sources without researching and checking facts
increased due to desire to cut costs, attract audiences in a competitive market and time pressures

25
Q

social construction of news - percentage of stories from second-hand material

A

80% - in daily mail & the times

12% - generated by reporters

26
Q

social construction of news - advertorials

A

branded advertisers to promote their products through journalists article involves blurring advertising, information, news, entertainment, reducing quality of accuracy presenting the news as its open to manipulation

27
Q

social construction of news - criticisms

A
  • pluralists; need to attract audiences means news occasionally expose injustice & corruption
  • rise of new media undermines power of mainstream media organisation (citizen journalism)

Media - Sociology AQA (22 decks)

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