Social Combat part 1 Flashcards
define predation
the act of an organism killing and then partially or entirely consuming another individual
define social predation
consumption of one society by another
which is more common: interspecific social predation or intraspecific social predation
- Interspecific social predation is common
- often, the only organism that can effectively prey on a society is another society.
define competition
Use or defense of a resource that results in reduced availability of that resource for another organism
what kind of interaction is competition
- a consumer-consumer interaction
- not fatal, and so allows for more complexity in interactions and outcomes
define Indirect/exploitation competition
Competition without direct contact between consumers.
define Direct/interference competition
Competition with direct contact between consumers in access to the resource
define Intraspecific competition
Competition among individuals of the same species
outcome of interspecific competition
- depresses the population growth of both species
- drive an evolutionary arms race among species to better exploit shared resources.
competition and similarity - what makes interspecific competition more intense
Similarity in resource needs
competition and similarity - Similarity in structure and function of organisms means what
they need similar resources and compete more intensely
competition and similarity - Closely related species typically have what?
- they typically have more similar structure, function, and resource needs due to common ancestry
- and compete more intensively than distantly related species.
competition and similarity - what does evolutionary history influence
the level of competition among present-day species
define nonrenewable resources
- Finite and only available when relinquished by the individuals using it, or when it is directly taken
- e.g. space.
define renewable resources
- Constantly replenished by other processes
- there are 2 ways it can be renewed