SOCIAL:ATTRACTION AND CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS Flashcards
need to belong
intrinsic motivation to affiliate with other and be socially accepted
attraction
liking and loving others
initial attraction
- proximity-interact with those physically closer
- mere exposure effect-repeated exposure typically increases liking for it
- similarity to themselves-validate our view of the world
- availability
the ‘halo’ effect
what is beautiful is good -provides signals for biological quality e.g. good health
matching effect
most likely to have a partner whose level of physical attractiveness is similar to our own (as well as social background, sociability, interests and personality)
self-disclosure
sharing of inner most thoughts and feelings
- reciprocal with trust and intimacy
social exchange theory
the course of a relationship is governed by rewards and costs that the partner experience
social exchange theory:
comparison level
expected outcome-satisfaction with relationship
social exchange theory:
comparison level for alternatives
comparison between potential and current-commitment to relationship
4 most highly rated aspect of a relationship across 37 cultures
- mutual attraction and love
- dependable character
- emotional stability
- pleasing disposition
chastity
desire for a mate with no previous experience in sexual intercourse
sexual strategies theory :
ancestral men
those predisposed to have sex with more partners, increased the likelihood of fathering more children and passing on genes
sexual strategies theory :
ancestral women
maximised reproductive success by selecting mates who were able to commit time, energy and other resources
social structure theory
sex differences in mating strategies occur as society directs men towards advantaged social and economic roles (cultures with more gender equality= preferences shrink)
attachment
a deep bond between two people and benefits that accrue
passionate love
intense emotion, arousal and yearning for the partner
compassionate love
affection and deep caring about the partner’s well being
triangular theory of love
consummate love=intimacy, passion and commitment
social support and effect
partners
partner’s responsiveness to another’s needs-buffers stress
emotional support
provide reassurance in stressful times
instrumental support
assist with dealing with stress
evolution theory
mate selection based on indicators of good genes and complimentary immune systems
social expectancy theory
social stereotypes
attraction is influence by social stereotypes :
- symmetrical faces
- hormone markers: high cheek bones, smooth skin, large jaw
- symmetrical bodies: inverted triangle or hourglass
closing time effect
find more attractive later in the night
expectation of continued interaction
more attracted too those who they expect to continue to interact with
the effects of similarity-attraction effect
I see as benefits
- validate our beliefs
- reinforcing and rewarding
- accepting and understanding
- less uncertainty
reciprocal liking
we like people who like us
