Social 1945-1975 Flashcards
How was segregation in the south
Jim Crow laws still the same
How were blacks and voting
Had the right but often didn’t as intimidated from registering to vote
What did the literacy test do
Check literacy to see if eligible to vote
How was courts and south
Judges all white and so were juries
Hard for black to achieve justice
What was the discrimination for black to white teachers in south
White earned 30% more than black
How were the university’s in the south regarding AA
Best ones blacks weren’t allowed to go
How was education for black vs white
Black schools less funded
What did the NAACP do in 1954
Challenge legal system saying separate education was unfair (brown vs board of education)
Sc ruled against separate education as said not possible as black inferior )
South has to integrate schools but fierce resistance for years
What was Little Rock Arkansas and when
1957
SC ordered govt to let 9 black students attend a white high school in Little Rock
Troops sent to prevent black students entering school from governor of Arkansas
Eisenhower sent federal troops to protect students and let them go to school
What was the Montgomery bus boycott and when
1955-56 Rosa parks (CR Activist) wanted to challenge segregation laws on buses
Arrested for not giving up her seat to white person
Activist formed Montgomery improvement association (MIA) which organised bus boycotts (MLK as leader)
What was a result of Montgomery bus boycott for the bus company
Lost 65% income
Dec 56 - SC declared Montgomery bus laws illegal - victory for non violent action
Who did MLK establish
Southern Christian leadership conference (SCLC)
That was a form of direct action for Black civil rights by students
They founded student non-violent coordinating committee
SNCC
What did James farmer establish
Congress for racial equality
CORE
What was a form of action for AA CR in 1960
SNCC
Sit ins - done by students at Woolworths lunch counter - white only
They trained for resistance
By end of 1960 lunch counters desegregated in 126 cities
What was a form of CR equality for AA in 1961 CORE
Freedom rides
Core organised white and black activists to ride buses sat next to each other as many states not agreeing to desegregate busses
When busses arrived in south they got attacked by mobs and police did little to help activists
What did MLK do in March 1963
Staged a march of 200,000 blacks and 50,000 whites in Washington
Aim= put pressure on JFK to pass civil rights bill to end all segregation
I HAVE A DREAM SPEECH
HUGE PUBLIC IMPACT
What was the civil rights act of 1964
Started by JFK then pushed through by LBJ
Outlawed segregation in public places then shifted to ensure back people’s had equal rights to vote
What were the Selma marches 1965
Voting rights march organised by MLK
15,000 black population old enough to vote
Only 335 registered to vote
Marchers attacked know as Bloody Sunday
However convinced president to push through the voting rights act of 1965
What was the voting rights act of 1965
Ended all tests and discrimination against people trying to register to vote (outlawed literacy test)
What was the civil rights act of 1968
Made it illegal to rent or sell houses on the grounds of race , religion origin or sex
Who was Malcom X
Criticised MLK method and demanded blacks had their own state
Got CR support from Islam as joined them in jail
Killed 1965
How did Malcom X become influential on SNCC
They became more radical as wanted black power
Who were the black panthers
Like a private army - for armed struggle for equal rights
Clashed with police
9 killed 67-69
What were the race riots of 1975-67
Just after the civil rights and voting rights we’re past wide spread reads riot in northern and western cities
What happened in LA 1965
Watts riot
34 dead as AA argument with police over reckless driving causes a massive fight and police hurt pregnant women
When and how was MLK assassinated
1968
Probably Killed by an assassin
In the 50s what was the attitude of many women
Main social attitude was that a married woman’s place was in the home
When was the decade of change for women’s rights
60s
What was the strong feminism movement and who buy in 1963
The feminist mystique (Book)
Betty Friedan
What did the feminist Mistique say
Home was like a concentration camp that many women want to break out of
What was NOW and when was it established
National organisation for women
1966 by Betty Friedan
What was the equal pay act of 1963
Bill passed for equal pay but still campaigning In 72 as women’s pay only 72% of men’s
What was roe vs wade and when
SC made abortion legal
1972
What was the Supreme Court ruling of 1972
Ruled contraception should be available to unmarried couples on same basis as married couples
What was the Equal rights amendment and 72
Banning of discrimination against women
Back lash form more traditional women
What were the 5 things of youth culture 45-75
Baby boomers (teenagers spending money
Rich cultural teenagers
Sex drugs rock & roll
Protest movement of Vietnam
New left - new generation of leftist thinkers
